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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-four healthy cats underwent bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage to determine the normal cytologic environment of the lower respiratory tract of cats. Initial screening to ensure the health of the study population included complete histories, physical examinations, thoracic radiography, CBC, serologic tests for feline leukemia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus, and occult heartworm, and sugar and Baermann fecal flotation. In 18 cats, protected catheter brush samples of airway secretions from the lavaged lung segment were taken for culture of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and mycoplasma. Bronchial lavage fluid (5 sequential 10-ml aliquots of normal saline solution) was pooled and filtered with cotton gauze. The unspun sample was used for determination of a total nucleated cell count. Lavage fluid was cytocentrifuged and 500 cells/slide were scored for determination of the cellular differential. Activity of lactate dehydrogenase and concentrations of total protein and IgG within the supernatant were measured, and assays were performed to detect the presence of IgA and IgM. Complete histologic evaluation of the lavaged lung of each of 6 random-source cats was performed after differential cell counting revealed 18% eosinophils within bronchoalveolar lavage fluid recovered from this group. Alveolar macrophages were the predominant cells encountered; however, a quarter of all cells recovered were eosinophils. A significant relationship was not found between the abundance of eosinophils in the lavage fluid, and either isolation of aerobic bacteria, high total nucleated cell counts, total protein concentrations, or activity of lactate dehydrogenase. Histologic evaluation of the lungs of 5 of 6 random-source cats revealed normal lungs in 2 cats, and minimal abnormal change in 3 others. Evaluation of the lungs from 1 random source cat revealed acute, mild eosinophilic bronchiolitis. We conclude that large numbers of eosinophils may be retrieved from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of healthy cats.
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PMID:Cytologic, microbiologic, and biochemical analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from 24 healthy cats. 192 12

The infection of cell lines with mycoplasma can cause severe problems as the contaminants affect virtually every cell parameter. We attempted to eliminate mycoplasma from contaminated cell lines using the fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Mycoplasma-infected cell lines were cultured with 10 micrograms/ml ciprofloxacin for 14 days. The elimination or persistence of mycoplasmal infection was monitored by diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAP) DNA staining, RNA hybridization test and broth-agar microbiological culturing. Seventeen out of 21 positive cell lines (81%) have been successfully treated using ciprofloxacin. Mycoplasma infections are unacceptable in experimental in vitro systems and require an elimination procedure of certain efficiency. The use of adequate detection methods in the routine control of cell lines and the avoidance of emerging resistant strains are of the utmost importance.
Leukemia 1991 Feb
PMID:Elimination of mycoplasma from infected leukemia cell lines. 202 Jan 99

The Iriomote cat (Felis iriomotensis) was first discovered on Iriomote Island in the Yaeyama Islands of Japan in 1965. Ten male and 11 female adult cats were captured during the 6 yr period from 1983 to 1988. These were examined for evidence of viral and mycoplasmal infections. Neither Mycoplasma sp. nor Ureaplasma sp. were detected in swab samples of oropharyngeal and urogenital regions. A foamy virus was isolated from the oropharyngeal swab of a female cat examined in 1988. Feline leukemia virus was not detected in any of the cats. All cats were negative for serum antibodies to feline panleukopenia virus, feline herpesvirus, feline immunodeficiency virus and rotavirus. Eleven of 19 (58%), 14 of 17 (82%) and 6 of 17 cats (35%) had serum antibodies against feline calicivirus, coronavirus and feline syncytium forming virus, respectively.
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PMID:Serological survey of the Iriomote cat (Felis iriomotensis) in Japan. 211 Sep 82

Culture supernatant from a human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1)-infected cell line, DGA-1, contained a novel macrophage-activating factor (MAF). This MAF was antigenically and functionally distinct from interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and from granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF). Potential contaminants such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Mycoplasma spp, and HTLV-1 were not responsible for this MAF activity. The DGA-1 MAF was secreted constitutively and the cell line grew well in the absence of growth factors such as interleukin-2, mitogen, or antigen. This cell line should provide a good source of this MAF for further purification and characterization.
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PMID:A novel human macrophage-activating factor: distinction from interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF). 283 73

Earlier studies from this laboratory had shown that rat basophilic leukemia cells carry two major receptors for IgE, named R and H, and a third minor receptor, designated 71K. It is now apparent that 71K is induced by the action of Mycoplasma hyorhinis, a common contaminant of tissue cultures. This induction is reversible. Decontamination either in in vitro or in vivo leads to a disappearance of 71K and re-infection causes its reappearance. The 71K receptor appears to be induced by the action of the mycoplasma on a surface molecule, most likely R, present on the cells at the time of infection. When receptors are occupied by IgE, 71K induction is inhibited. Other effects of mycoplasma infection include the significant reduction in the expression of transferrin receptors and increased histamine content of infected cells.
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PMID:Effects of mycoplasma infection on Fc receptors for IgE of rat basophilic leukemia cells. 294 88

Previous studies from this laboratory have shown that Mycoplasma hyorhinis interacts with some unoccupied, high-affinity 45-kDa receptors for IgE on rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells to induce the formation of 71-kDa receptors for IgE. The present study demonstrates that when IgE is bound to the high-affinity receptors, exposure of RBL cells to mycoplasma leads to a time-dependent degradation of the cell-bound IgE into fragments of 186 kDa, 158 kDa and 115 kDa, all of which remain bound to the receptors. Upon reduction, these fragments yield 67-kDa and 55-kDa epsilon chain-derived polypeptides. The degradation appears to start at the N-terminus of the IgE, leading eventually to a complete loss of L chains. In the absence of mycoplasma, the IgE remains relatively intact throughout the same time period with a molecular mass of 210 kDa. The observed degradation of receptor-bound IgE by mycoplasma, should it also occur in vivo, could have important consequences as far as the IgE-dependent mediator release is concerned.
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PMID:Mycoplasma-induced degradation of IgE bound by Fc epsilon receptors of rat basophilic leukemia cells. 295 15

The immunobiology of Friend erythroleukemia virus (FLV) has been the focal point of much research into immunological control of leukemia. We have been studying a murine model in which a rapidly fatal FLV infection of DBA/2 mice is suppressed to a dormant state by treatment with statolon, a double stranded RNA extract of Mycoplasma stoloniferum. We report here that mice with FLV-dormant infections resist the accumulation of transplanted FLV-transformed erythroleukemia cells (FLC-745) and that FLC-745 cells persist in the spleen for a prolonged period. Winn assays revealed that the spleen of FLV-dormant mice contain radiosensitive T-lymphocytes with anti-FLC-745 cell activity. Whole body irradiation of FLV-dormant mice abrogated their resistance to transplanted FLC-745 cells and confirmed the radiosensitivity of the protective immune response.
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PMID:A radiosensitive T-lymphocyte associated with resistance of DBA/2 mice harboring Friend leukemia virus-dormant infections to transplantable Friend leukemia virus-erythroleukemia cells. 350 90

Interrelation of erythropoiesis and immune response was studied in mice of various lines infected with mycoplasma species, Shigella flexneri 2a and Rauscher leukemia virus (R-MLV). Intensity of erythropoiesis was estimated by the endocolonization data of sublethally irradiated mice and 59Fe incorporation, while immune reactivity--by generation of splenic antibody-forming cells in response to immunization with sheep erythrocytes. The inverse correlation between the ability of infectious agents to enhance erythropoiesis and to depress immune reactivity was found. Enhanced state of erythropoiesis was observed with concomitant diminished immune response when R-MLV and M. arthritidis or S. flexneri 2a (strain 516) were used. There was a positive correlation between the ability of mycoplasmae and shigellae to activate erythropoiesis and their stimulatory effect on R-MLV reproduction tested by the spleen focus-forming units (SFFU) enumeration technique. Possible role of mononuclear phagocytes in the phenomena mentioned is discussed.
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PMID:[Interrelation of erythropoiesis and lymphopoiesis in experimental infectious processes and in viral leukemogenesis]. 389 11

Forty-five bone marrow specimens from leukaemia patients and 40 marrows from nonleukaemia patients were cultured for mycoplasmas. No mycoplasmas were isolated. Sera from patients with leukaemia or reticuloses and from non-leukaemic subjects were examined for antibodies to the Negroni and 880 strains of Mycoplasma pulmonis and also to the K7, K10, and prototype (PG18) strains of M. fermentans. No significant differences were observed between the two groups of patients with respect to antibodies to these mycoplasmas. These findings support those of the majority of other workers in failing to show any relationship between mycoplasmas and neoplastic disease in man.
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PMID:Relation between mycoplasmas and leukaemia and related diseases. 568 24

Leach, R. H. (Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, England), and M. Butler. Comparison of mycoplasmas associated with human tumors, leukemia, and tissue cultures. J. Bacteriol. 91:934-941. 1966.-Mycoplasmas originally isolated by various workers from tissue cultures prepared from or inoculated with tumor or leukemic cells fell into four groups; each related to existing species or serotypes. These were Mycoplasma pulmonis, M. fermentans, M. hominis, and the GDL serotype, the last two being well known as contaminants of uninoculated cell lines. All the test strains were able to grow well in certain tissue cultures, and some caused cytopathic effects and acidity. These observations are discussed in terms of the relationship of these strains to the malignant tissues with which they were originally associated. The variable results obtained in certain biological tests on these strains emphasized the need for standardization of the conditions under which such tests may be employed to assist in identification of Mycoplasma species.
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PMID:Compraison of mycoplasmas associated with human tumors, leukemia, and tissue cultures. 592 67


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