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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Short- and long-term co-cultures of 49 cases of human osteosarcoma cells with bone marrow or peripheral blood cells of patients with different types of leukemia were studied. Morphological changes were observed in 7 of 13 long-term co-cultures resembling those induced by RNA tumor viruses. The changes were accompanied by appearance of cytoplasmic antigen as shown by fixed immunofluorescence test with sera from patients with osteosarcoma, leukemia, and of some apparently normal blood donors. Absorption with Forssman-like substances, whole human embryo cells or osteosarcoma cells demonstrated the reaction to be due to tumor antigen(s) in co-culture cells showing morphological changes. Electron microscopy showed a few type C virus particles in one co-culture. Cell-free filtrates of fluid from the transformed co-cultures induced morphological changes in 1 of 4 human embryo cultures. Uninoculated embryo cultures or those inoculated with filtrates from parental sarcoma or leukemia cultures showed no morphological changes. Human embryo cell cultures treated with fluid from parental leukemic bone marrow but not from parental sarcoma cultures showed appearance of cytoplasmic antigen by immunofluorescence test with sera of osteosarcoma and leukemia patients and of some apparently normal blood donors. Transformed human co-cultures showed the cytoplasmic antigen with 28 of 48 sera of osteosarcoma and leukemia patients tested, after absorption with Forssman-like material, human embryo, and mycoplasma suspensions. Fourteen of 49 sera of normal donors were also positive with the transformed co-cultures. Similar results were obtained in an earlier series of experiments with human embryonic cultures transformed by fluid from different osteosarcoma-leukemia co-cultures when examined by fixed immunofluorescence tests with sera of patients with osteosarcoma and leukemia. In 2 whole human embryo cell cultures showing morphological changes high molecular weight RNA was found, similar to that of RNA animal tumor viruses and in one of the cultures transient reverse transcriptase was detected.
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PMID:Virus retrieval studies in human neoplasia. 5 29

Mycoplasma hyorhinis, isolated by isopycnic centrifugation from supernatants of a persistently infected murine T lymphoblastoid cell line, demonstrated the presence of the Thy-1.1 differentiation alloantigen and H-2Kk histocompatibility antigens. The murine leukemia virus-related gp70 antigen also present on the surface of these lymphoblastoid cells was absent from mycoplasma preparations. Quantitative assessment of Thy-1.1 present in preparations of M. hyorhinis revealed a specific activity greater or equal to that of membrane preparations from lymphoblastoid cells, suggesting a marked accumulation of this T lymphoblastoid cells, suggesting a marked accumulation of this T lymphocyte antigen by membrane-associated mycoplasmas. The accumulation of the Thy-1.1 antigen in association with purified mycoplasmas was also demonstrated in lymphoblastoid cells experimentally infected with a defined culture of M. hyorhinis.
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PMID:Selective association of murine T lymphoblastoid cell surface alloantigens with Mycoplasma hyorhinis. 21 54

Mycoplasma salivarium was recovered from the blood of a five-year-old girl who had leukemia and subsequently developed pneumonitis. The patient's pneumonitis failed to respond to nafcillin, a cell-wall-active antibiotic, but eventually she recovered from the pneumonia after a regimen of erythromycin. Sputum, oropharyngeal, and nasopharyngeal cultures revealed normal bacterial flora; a blood culture was negative for bacteria. Throat and sputum cultures were negative for mycoplasma; however, M salivarium was recovered from the patient's blood. The patient had a cold hemagglutinin titer of 1:250.
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PMID:Mycoplasma salivarium in the blood of a child with leukemia. 28 39

In two patients with acute leukaemia, the development of progressive interstitial pulmonary fibrosis was observed following chemotherapy with BCNU, Cytoxan and Ara-C. The x-ray changes were accompanied by restrictive changes of pulmonary function and, later on, by severe hypoxia. Serologic tests did not reveal infection with cytomegaly virus or mycoplasma pneumoniae. These findings, together with reports in the literature, suggest a toxic effect of BCNU on the lung. The combination with Cyclophosphamide may contribute to this toxic reaction.
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PMID:[Progressive pulmonary fibrosis during combination chemotherapy with BCNU (author's transl)]. 65 38

IgM antibodies reacting in the cold with surface antigens of normal human blood lymphocytes were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence (IFL) in cold-agglutinin-positive sera from 21 patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection. Twenty to fifty per cent of the lymphocytes were stained. MP sera reacted also with 75%-100% of cells from two lymphoblastoid cell lines and one Burkitt lymphoma line and with about 80% of peripheral blood lymphocytes from one patient with chronic lymphatic leukaemia. The IFL reaction was negative with cells from leukaemic lymphoid T-cell line (Molt-4). Lymphocyte fractionation experiments gave no evidence of a selective reactivity of MP sera and B or T lymphocytes of peripheral blood. Removal of cold agglutinins from the MP sera by absorption with human O erythrocytes significantly reduced the IFL reactivity with lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid cells, indicating the presence of I antigen on these cells. Furthermore, lymphoblastoid cells but not Molt lymphoid cells absorbed out most of the cold erythroagglutinins.
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PMID:Antibodies of surface antigens of lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid cells in cold-agglutinin-positive sera from patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. 77 93

Nonviral helper factors as well as murine leukemia viruses (MuLV) can increase the infectivity of Friend spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) in mice which restrict its natural helper virus. Such factors have been isolated from cell-free extracts of human leukemic spleens, bacteria, and mycoplasmata. Unlike immunodepressants and target cell stimulators (which can also increase the pathogenicity of SFFV if applied before infection), nonviral helper factors are most efficient when they are injected with SFFV into helper virus-restrictive mice. In these respects the nonviral factors resemble MuLV. However, helper factors differ from MuLV by their inability to replicate in neonatal mice and by their greater stability to heat. Although the human leukemic helper (HuLV) extracts examined lack detectable mycoplasma or bacterial contamination, the helper assay in mice will be of limited value as a possible detection system for human leukemogenic viruses until a unique marker is found by which to distinguish HuLH activity from that of prokaryotic origin. This makes a systematic comparison among the nonviral helper factors all the more important.
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PMID:Nonviral helper factors for leukemia virus expression in mice. 116 1

At 2-10 months after combined infection with Rauscher virus and M. arthritidis of mice (C57BL/6XA/He)F1 resistant to this virus 14 out of 23 animals developed leukemia morphologically identical to Rauscher leukemia induced in sensitive mice. In control groups of similar animals infected with virus alone or mycoplasma alone not a single case of leukemia developed. As a result of serial intraperitoneal passages in syngeneic mice of cells of leukemias primarily induced by mixed mycoplasma-virus infection 3 transplantable leukemia strains were obtained the cytological picture of which was similar with the original. Upon intraperitoneal and subcutaneous inoculations of leukemic cells generalized leukemia develops as well as a local transplant under the skin or in the abdominal wall at the site of needle puncture.
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PMID:[Induction of leukemia in Rauscher virus-resistant mice by mixed infection with M. arthritidis and Rauscher virus]. 124 Nov 77

The sensitivity and reliability of seven assays for mycoplasma detection were tested on a panel of leukemia cell lines. The assays used were: microbiological cultivation on broth and agar, immunofluorescent visualization of mycoplasmal DNA using DAPI (both direct staining and after multiplication of the contaminants on an indicator cell line), a nucleic acid hybridization assay with a radioactive probe specific for mycoplasmal rRNA, and ELISA with mycoplasma-specific polyclonal antibodies, a biochemical method utilizing 6-MPDR, and a mycoplasma-specific monoclonal antibody in immunofluorescence staining. The broth-agar method, the two DAPI tests and the RNA hybridization assay produced the highest detection rates; a number of false-negative cases were recorded by the other tests. The detection rates, costs, requirement for specialized equipment and other characteristics were evaluated for each method. Since each technique also has disadvantages and certain limitations and since no method can be regarded as the 'gold standard', at least two procedures should be used in routine screening for mycoplasma in cell cultures.
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PMID:Mycoplasma contamination in human leukemia cell lines. I. Comparison of various detection methods. 137 79

The sensitivity and specificity of five different mycoplasma detection tests were evaluated in comparison with the classical microbiological culture assay on agar plates as the reference method: direct fluorochrome DNA staining (direct DAPI), DNA staining of an indicator cell line (indirect DAPI), RNA hybridization with a cDNA specific for ribosomal mycoplasmal RNA, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with mycoplasma-specific antibodies, and a biochemical cytotoxicity assay (6-MPDR). A large panel of continuous cell lines (20 adherent and 233 suspension cell lines, most of the latter were human leukemia-lymphoma cell lines) were analyzed for infection with mycoplasma. The results of the comparative analysis for sensitivity and specificity of the various tests were as follows: 100% and 100% for the indirect DAPI, 100% and 98% for the RNA hybridization assay, 87% and 94% for the direct DAPI, 72% and 100% for the ELISA, 75% and 90% for the biochemical 6-MPDR assay. Each of these approaches has both advantages and disadvantages with regard to cost, time, reliability, specificity, and sensitivity. The best compromise for routine mycoplasma testing is a combination of several techniques (e.g. direct culture on agar, RNA hybridization, and direct or indirect DAPI).
Leukemia 1992 Apr
PMID:Sensitivity and specificity of five different mycoplasma detection assays. 137 5

Presented are the data on the ultrastructural analysis of interaction between mycoplasma and certain cancerogenic and infectious viruses in humans and animals. Revealed are spontaneous associations of mycoplasma with viruses of cattle leukemia, T-cell human leukemia and with a representative of Bunyaviruses. Immediate interaction of these agents is found possible. Simulated complexes of mycoplasma with infectious viruses are developed. Electron microscopy on supramolecular levels revealed immediate interaction of different agents in membranes. Some methodological procedures help to reveal that the interaction of M. pneumoniae and A. laidlawii with orthomyxo-, paramyxo and togavirus is of specific character and is realized as receptor ligand form due to the affinity in the receptor requirements of these pathogens. This property as well as a bequeath distribution and frequent association in respiratory infections enable one to suggest the possibility of their immediate interactions in a host body.
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PMID:[Interactions between Mycoplasma and human and animal viruses. Ultrastructural analysis]. 165 21


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