Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Meningitis caused by L. monocytogenes is discussed from the standpoints of clinical presentation and course, underlying illness, and altered host resistance. The `opportunistic' nature of the infection is emphasized, and case histories of patients with diseases which may specifically alter host resistance in such a fashion as to render the patient susceptible to this organism, or who are receiving drugs which may have the same result, are presented. The critical role of host macrophages, and the alteration of this role by Hodgkin's disease, leukaemia, and cytotoxic drug therapy are emphasized.
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PMID:Listeria monocytogenes meningitis: an opportunistic infection. 411 Apr 48

The Cytocentrifuge enables a satisfactory cytological preparation to be made when the cells in the cerebrospinal fluid are normal in number or only slightly increased. A technique has been developed and the results of its use are described in 114 consecutive samples from 50 children with acute leukaemia, with and without involvement of the central nervous system. Analysis of the results showed that 30% of the samples with a normal cell count contained leukaemic cells when examined by Cytocentrifuge. Only 74% of the samples with raised counts were found to contain leukaemic cells. Diagnosis of leukaemic meningitis based on changes in the cell count alone in cerebrospinal fluid is clearly unreliable, and the Cytocentrifuge enables a more precise assessment of the cerebrospinal fluid to be made. It also appears that changes in the levels of protein and glucose in the cerebrospinal fluid of leukaemic patients are not directly related to the presence of leukaemic cells but are the results of changes in the cell count from whatever cause. There appears to be no value in measuring protein and glucose levels when monitoring the cerebrospinal fluid in acute leukaemia for evidence of early involvement of the central nervous system.
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PMID:The cerebrospinal fluid in acute leukaemia of childhood: studies with the Cytocentrifuge. 452 74

We have observed five patients with smoldering adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) who had skin lesions as premonitory symptoms. The illness developed slowly, but flared up after several years. Skin lesions appeared in the form of erythema, papules, or nodules. Infiltration of the skin by ATL cells was slight, and the proportion of ATL cells in the peripheral blood was 0%-2%. The serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) value was within normal range and was not associated with hypercalcemia; lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and bone marrow infiltration were very slight. In most cases, hypergammaglobulinemia was seen, and in one case, monoclonal hypergammaglobulinemia was observed. All five patients had lived in an area in which ATL was endemic, and their anti-ATLA antibodies were positive; none had ever received a blood transfusion. One patient developed typical ATL after more than 13 yr of illness and died of renal insufficiency. Another patient developed typical ATL after 5 yr of illness and died of cryptococcus meningitis. Based on clinical and pathologic differences, we believe that these cases should be distinguished from typical ATL cases for the purposes of prognosis and treatment.
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PMID:A proposal for smoldering adult T-cell leukemia: a clinicopathologic study of five cases. 622 22

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is a rare complication of chronic lymphoid leukaemia (CLL). The occurrence of lymphocytic meningitis in the course of CLL suggests either CNS involvement by the leukaemic process or infection (especially tuberculosis) related to continuous immunodepression. We report a case of CLL in which leukaemic cells had surface IgM and produced IgM kappa without significant depression of other immunoglobulins. When the patient developed meningitis, measurement of serum and CSF albumin IgG and IgM levels showed that 88% of CSF IgM resulted from local synthesis, while 70% of CSF IgG resulted from serum transsudation. These results suggest that a large number of neuromeningeal lymphoid cells produce the same class of IgM as leukaemic cells and therefore constitute a localization of the disease. Complete remission of the meningitis by intrathecal anti-leukaemic chemotherapy confirmed this hypothesis.
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PMID:[Cerebromeningeal location of chronic lymphoid leukemia. Rapid immunochemical diagnosis and complete remission by intrathecal chemotherapy]. 622 82

This is a review of implantable devices for chronic access and drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) via the cerebrospinal fluid, extracellular fluid, and vascular pathways. The current applications of such devices in the management of mycotic meningitis, meningeal leukemia and carcinomatosis, solid malignant tumors of the CNS, intractable cancer-associated pain, unresectable cystic tumors and in cytologic, pharmacologic, and experimental studies on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are assessed. Specific attention is paid to the applications of the most commonly used device, a subcutaneous reservoir and pump (SRP), including its major uses and complications. A new system for local chemotherapy of malignant gliomas, the tumor cyst device (TCD), is also described.
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PMID:Implantable devices for chronic access and drug delivery to the central nervous system. 639 87

We have observed five patients with smoldering adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) who had skin lesions as premonitory symptoms. The illness developed slowly but flared up after several years. Skin lesions appeared in the form of erythema, papules or nodules. Infiltration of the skin by ATL cells was slight, and the proportion of ATL cells in the peripheral blood was from 0% to 2%. The serum lactic dehydrogenase value was within normal range, and was not associated with hypercalcemia, lymphadenopathy, or hepatosplenomegaly, and bone marrow infiltration was very slight. In most cases, hypergammaglobulinemia was seen, and in one case monoclonal hypergammaglobulinemia was observed. All five patients had lived in an area in which ATL was endemic, and their sera were positive for anti-ATL-associated antigen antibodies. None of them had ever received a blood transfusion. One patient developed typical ATL after more than 13 yr of illness, and died of renal insufficiency. Another patient developed typical ATL after 5 yr of illness, and died or cryptococcus meningitis. These cases were clinically and pathologically different from typical ATL cases already reported, and we feel it necessary to make distinctions from the viewpoints of prognosis and treatment. In discussing these cases, we compared smoldering ATL with typical ATL, and deliberated upon the causes of both.
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PMID:A proposal for smoldering adult T-cell leukemia--diversity in clinical pictures of adult T-cell leukemia--. 660 27

A 73-year-old man developed Kaposi's sarcoma 6 years after the diagnosis of hairy-cell leukemia, at which time a splenectomy was performed. He received no additional treatment. The Kaposi's sarcoma was complicated by the development of immune thrombocytopenia and Listeria monocytogenes meningitis. Evaluation during the course of his disease revealed lymphopenia, decreased OKT4 + subset, and increased OKT8 + subset. The clinical and immunologic findings in this patient have similarities to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma associated with hairy cell leukemia, immune thrombocytopenia, and opportunistic infection. 672 36

Our experience at the Ramathibodi Hospital with 20 infants and children who had Aeromonas septicemia is reviewed. Their ages were from 1 day to 14 years. Eighteen patients had underlying diseases: leukemia, 5; aplastic anemia, 4; cirrhosis, 2; thalassemia/hemoglobinopathy, 3; renal failure, 1; ileal perforation, 1; marasmus, 1; and cavernous hemangioma with thrombocytopenia, 1. Blood cultures yielded Aeromonas hydrophila in all patients, and four patients had polymicrobial bacteremia. Fifteen episodes of septicemia were community-acquired and five were hospital-acquired. The clinical manifestations of these patients were similar to septicemia due to other Gram-negative enteric bacilli. Two patients each had ecthyma gangrenosum, necrotizing fasciitis and meningitis. Antibiotic treatment included penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. The overall case fatality rate was 50%; eight of the nine patients with acute leukemia or aplastic anemia died. With the exception of one child the blood cultures were sterile in all patients before death. Aeromonas septicemia is an uncommon but severe infection which occurs predominantly in compromised hosts.
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PMID:Aeromonas septicemia in infants and children. 672 2

The clinical history of 3 adult patients infected by Listeria monocytogenes is presented. One patient with chronic lymphatic leukaemia developed purulent meningitis; the 2 others had chronic renal failure and were undergoing routine haemodialysis. Of the latter, one developed meningitis and the other bacteraemia after receiving 2 blood transfusions. Immuno-suppression, or the underlying disease of the hosts, probably played a role in permitting the infection to establish itself. The rural environment may also have been conducive to the transfer of this particular, rarely infectious, micro-organism to these patients.
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PMID:Meningitis and bacteraemia due to Listeria monocytogenes in compromised hosts. 679 Nov 49

An 8-year old girl was diagnosed as having idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura which later became refractory to steroids, splenectomy, and immunosuppressive therapy. While she was being treated for pneumococcal meningitis, 7 1/2 years later, she was found to have Philadelphia-chromosome-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia. She died 2 1/2 years after the diagnosis of leukemia. The association of autoimmune disorders and hematologic malignancies has been well-recognized. To our knowledge, there has been no previous report of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura preceding the development of chronic myelocytic leukemia in the literature.
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PMID:Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura followed by chronic myelocytic leukemia. 694 Apr 61


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