Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rhinocerebral phycomycosis is an uncommon opportunistic infection with ubiquitous fungi of the class Phycomycetes, starting in the nose and extending to the paranasal sinuses and then intracranially. The condition is often characterized by poor prognosis because of occlusion of the internal carotid artery. This disease is commonly associated with predispositions such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, which is the most common, immunosuppressive states and metabolic bankruptcy including leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, malnutrition, uremic or diarrheal acidosis, severe burns, anemia, carcinoma, radiotherapy, liver cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, tuberculosis, septicemia, long-term medication of steroid, antibiotics and antimetabolite, drug addiction, cytotoxic drug administration and AIDS. Cases with unknown predisposition, however, have been infrequently reported in the literature. The authors report a case of rhinocerebral phycomycosis in which concurrence of Candida species instead of the above-mentioned common predispositions was considered a potential predisposition. To our knowledge, only 1 report in which Candida species are referred to as a potential predisposition for this disease has been previously issued. A 85-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on March 2, 1994 because of generalized convulsion. He had received a total extirpation of an ascending colon cancer in July 1993. On admission, physical inspection showed no abnormalities and neurological examination revealed obtunded consciousness without other abnormalities. He had no diabetes mellitus. Hematological and blood chemistry values were normal except for CA19-9 of 45 U/ml.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of rhinocerebral phycomycosis]. 760 36

Eleven patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) with bleeding tendency (BT) were surgically treated in the last 12 years. To study the clinical problem of CSDH with BT, 11 surgical cases were divided into 3 groups, Group A; CSDH with primary BT (1 case of hemophilia A), Group B; CSDH with BT secondary to a basic disease (3 cases of leukemia, 2 cases of malignant tumor with DIC, 1 case of chronic renal failure and 1 case of liver cirrhosis), Group C; CSDH with BT by anticoagulants (warfarin) (2 cases of replacement of mitral valve, 1 case of A-C bypass). Evacuation of the hematoma was performed by means of one or two burr holes with irrigation of the hematoma cavity and a drainage tube was placed in the subdural space. The outcome was excellent in Groups A and C. In Group B, two patients with DIC due to gastric cancer and prostatic cancer died, and 3 patients with leukemia recovered dramatically from CSDH, but the poor course of the disease itself resulted in death. The outcome of other patients in Group B was excellent. Since CSDH with BT is often fatal, those patient had usually been treated conservatively. However, from this analysis, we stress that CSDH with BT should be surgically treated after checking the blood conditions carefully to determine whether or not the patient has need for surgery.
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PMID:[Chronic subdural hematoma with bleeding tendency; clinical analysis of 11 surgical cases]. 784 20

Serum ferritin H and L subunit levels and H/L ratios were evaluated in normal subjects and patients with various diseases by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibody against ferritin H or L subunits. In normal subjects, serum levels of H subunit were significantly lower than those of L subunit, as previously reported by Cazzola and coworkers. Although the serum levels of L subunit were elevated and the values of H/L ratios were decreased in inflammatory diseases, serum levels of H subunit were remarkably high in patients with infectious mononucleosis. In liver disease, elevation of mean values of L subunit was observed. However, in liver cirrhosis and severe acute hepatitis, the serum levels of H subunit were often elevated as well as those of L subunit, and so it was suggested that the elevation of H subunit was related to the degree of hepatocellular injury. In hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer, since the levels of H/L ratio were higher than controls and no correlation was observed between H and L subunits, it was suggested that the production of H subunit was increased in these cancers. However, the result of H/L ratio determination in serum ferritin did not appear enough to be important for tumor marker, because of a few instances demonstrated over the cut off limit of H/L ratio in neoplastic diseases. The rate of the patients whose H or L subunit levels were over the cut off point was higher in leukemia than in solid cancer, and so it was likely that the measurement of H and L subunit at the same time was clinically useful in leukemic patients. In acute myeloblastic leukemia, relatively high levels of serum L subunits and low H/L ratio were shown. It was suggested that the measurement of H and L subunits in patients with neoplastic diseases would also be useful for monitoring the effect of the therapy.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of serum ferritin H and L subunit determination in various diseases--evaluation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]. 795 82

Pancreatic islets of 36 autopsy cases with transfusional iron-overload were examined. Immunohistochemical and histochemical stainings were used to clarify the relationship between blood transfusion and iron deposition in the islet. Disease of the lymphohemopoietic system (leukemia, lymphoma, aplastic anemia) or liver (carcinoma and/or cirrhosis) accounted for 86.1% of the patients' main diagnosis. Sixteen of them had slight hemosiderin deposition (Group 1), twenty cases had severe hemosiderin deposition (Group 2). Another ten cases were used as controls (Group 3). The cases had a similar age distribution to Group 1 and 2, with neither blood transfusion nor hemosiderin deposition. The volume of blood transfusion was 6.1 +/- 3.6, 17.5 +/- 12.2 L for Groups 1 and 2, respectively. The plasma glucose was 137.8 +/- 54.4 and 170.6 +/- 108.4 mg/dL, respectively. Four cases in Group 1 and 14 cases in Group 2 had glycosuria. The number of islet cells with hemosiderin increased with the enlargement of transfusion volume (r = 0.664, P < 0.001). Plasma glucose also related with the percentage of hemosiderin positive islet cell (r = 0.386, P < 0.025). In severely iron-overloaded cases, hemosiderin was selectively deposited in B cells of the islet. It was concluded that large amounts of blood transfusions for non-congenital disease can induce selective hemosiderin deposition and impairment of pancreatic B cell that may result in hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus of the patients.
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PMID:Selective iron deposition in pancreatic islet B cells of transfusional iron-overloaded autopsy cases. 802 61

In 6 men and 4 women aged 48-89 years on necropsy extensive nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver of different extent was found. In four instances it affected the whole liver and the macroscopic appearance reminded of small nodular cirrhosis which in one case was diagnosed also by clinicians. Twice the advanced hyperplasia of the liver was manifested by portal hypertension and in one of these patients it led to fatal haemorrhage from oesophageal varices. In the other cases it replaced smaller portions of hepatic tissue and could be detected only by microscopic examination. Usually it was present in not enlarged livers and most frequently it was associated with chronic venostasis. In three instances it was associated with haematological disease (chronic lymphatic leukaemia and twice myeloproliferative syndrome), once tumour duplicity (carcinoma of the lungs and prostate) and chronic cholangitis. In a 77 year-old woman with Caroli's disease of the left liver lobe it was found only in an area of biliary malformation.
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PMID:[Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver]. 802 26

The mortality profile of female nurses and teachers in British Columbia (BC) was examined using age-standardized proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) calculated for the period 1950-1984. Lowered overall mortality among nurses was seen for degenerative heart disease and for cerebrovascular accidents. Significantly elevated PMR values were observed for cancer of the breast and ovary in nurses of age 20-65 years. PMRs were significantly elevated for cancer of the pancreas and leukemia among those age 20 years and older. Elevated values were also observed for motor vehicle accidents and suicide among nurses in both age groups. Lower than expected mortality from degenerative heart disease and cerebrovascular accidents was seen in working age teachers (age 20-65 years). However, elevated PMRs were detected for carcinoma of the colon, breast, endometrium, brain, and melanoma. Among those 20 years and over, significantly elevated PMRs were also observed for cancers of the ovary and other digestive organs. Elevated PMRs were found for motor vehicle and aircraft accidents. Mortality from cirrhosis of the liver was lower than anticipated in both teachers and nurses. A number of significant PMRs declined when deaths of "homemakers" were withdrawn from the comparison group used to generate PMR values, suggesting that risk of death from various causes among women working outside the home differ from those seen in women who are predominantly in the home.
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PMID:Mortality among female registered nurses and school teachers in British Columbia. 807 20

No laboratory test completely distinguishes malignant ascites (MA) from ascites associated with cirrhosis and (or) hepatocellular carcinoma (A/C-HC). Ascitic cytology is highly specific but has a diagnostic sensitivity of only 40-60%. We determined 11 ascitic analytes and cytology in 58 patients with cirrhosis, 15 with hepatocellular carcinoma, and 21 with MA (10 ovarian cancers, 4 mesotheliomas, 6 gastrointestinal neoplasias, 1 leukemia). Ascitic total protein, cholesterol, pseudouridine, and lactate dehydrogenase (LD), and the ascitic:serum ratios of total protein and of LD showed the most significant differences between the two groups of patients. Stepwise multiple linear discriminant analysis (applying the Wilks' lambda criterion) of several variables, corroborated by the "jack-knife" reallocation procedure, showed that the ascitic cholesterol and ascitic LD association correctly identified 100% of MA and A/C-HC; cytology had a diagnostic specificity of 100%, but identified only 48% of MA. This association may represent a primary tool for the discrimination of ascites of unknown origin, particularly in the presence of negative cytology findings.
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PMID:Total discrimination of peritoneal malignant ascites from cirrhosis- and hepatocarcinoma-associated ascites by assays of ascitic cholesterol and lactate dehydrogenase. 813 Dec 85

Construction laborers have some of the highest death rates of any occupation in the United States. There has been very little systematic research focused exclusively on "laborers" as opposed to other workers in the construction industry. We reviewed the English language literature and various data bases describing the occupational tasks, exposures, and work-related health risks of construction laborers. The sources of information included 1) occupational mortality surveillance data collected by the states of California and Washington and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); 2) National Occupational Exposure Survey; 3) national fatality data; 4) cancer registry data; and 5) case reports of specific causes of morbidity. While the literature reported that construction laborers have increased risk for mesothelioma, on-the-job trauma, acute lead poisoning, musculoskeletal injury, and dermatitis, the work relatedness of excess risks for all-cause mortality, cirrhosis, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ischemic heart disease, and leukemia is less clear. Furthermore, while laborers are known to be potentially exposed to asbestos, noise, and lead, and the NIOSH Job Exposure Matrix describes other potential hazardous exposures, little research has characterized other possible exposures and no research has been found that describes the exposures associated with specific job tasks. More advanced study designs are needed that include a better understanding of the job tasks and exposures to construction laborers, in order to evaluate specific exposure-disease relationships and to develop intervention programs aimed at reducing the rate of work-related diseases.
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PMID:Job tasks, potential exposures, and health risks of laborers employed in the construction industry. 825 61

It is reported not only that the incidence of active tuberculosis has not decreased but also that the cases of active tuberculosis who had been diagnosed at autopsy for the first time may have increased. The background factors and clinical courses of 13 cases of active tuberculosis whom we could not diagnose as tuberculosis until autopsy were investigated. According to the autopsy reports, the three fourths of the cases had active tuberculosis lesions in several organs as miliary tuberculosis. All of the cases were treated in serious condition of liver cirrhosis, leukemia, and other malignant diseases. Although fever of unknown origin was an important symptom, it was difficult to make a correct diagnosis because the fever was thought to be originated not from active tuberculosis but from the underlying diseases themselves. It was also difficult to diagnose from chest x-ray findings unless tuberculosis was suspected clinically. The education about tuberculosis should be held repeatedly. And we should try to think from different direction for the strange and unexpected clinical features of the patients with liver cirrhosis, leukemia, and other malignant diseases.
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PMID:[Studies on 13 cases of active tuberculosis diagnosed at autopsy for the first time]. 825 72

To investigate whether specific cancers are associated with the occupation of butcher, as has been reported from other countries, a historical prospective cohort study was undertaken. The cohort consisted of all self employed butchers (n = 552) and pork butchers (n = 310) born since 1880 who set up a shop in the canton of Geneva from 1901 to 1969, and of their wives (n = 887). The study group was followed up from 1901 to 1990 for general mortality, from 1942 to 1990 for cause specific mortality, and from 1970 to 1989 for incidence of cancer. There was no trace of 45 men (5%) and 52 women (6%). Compared with the general population of the canton of Geneva, butchers and pork butchers experienced a significant increase, taking into account 15 years of latency, in mortality from all causes (observed deaths (Obs) 540, expected deaths (Exp) 445.5, standardised mortality ratio (SMR) 121, 90% confidence interval (90% Cl) 113-130). There were significant excesses in incidence and mortality from colorectal cancer, cancer of the prostate, and all malignant neoplasms, and in incidence of cancer of the liver. The risk of lung cancer was significantly increased among pork butchers (SMR 176, 90% Cl 114-262; standardised incidence ratio (SIR) 231, 90% Cl 137-368) but not among butchers (SMR 92, 90% Cl 59-138; SIR 113, 90% Cl 67-179). There was also a significant increase in mortality from cancer of the larynx among butchers. For non-malignant causes of death significant excesses were found among all men for ischaemic heart disease, motor vehicle accidents, and cirrhosis of the liver. Analysis of subgroups showed a cluster of deaths from leukaemia among older butchers born between 1880 and 1899 (Obs 5, Exp 0.6, p < 0.0001). Exposure of pork butchers to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during meat smoking, which was assessed in a contemporary study, might have contributed to their increased risk of lung cancer. The possible role of other factors, especially cigarette smoking, nitrosamines, and oncogenic viruses was discussed. Moreover, there was evidence from another contemporary study that butchers and pork butchers ate more animal fat, and probably more animal protein, than the average male population of Geneva. These results suggest that dietary factors could be implicated in the excesses of colorectal cancer, cancer of the prostate, and ischaemic heart disease. An increased risk for alcohol abuse might explain the excesses of liver cirrhosis, cancer of the liver, cancer of the larynx and motor vehicle accidents. Among all wives overall mortality was similar to that expected (SMR 100, 90% Cl 93-108) and there was no significant excess risk for any specific cancer nor for any non-malignant cause of death. Results for cancer of the cervix uteri, especially among subgroups, suggest an increased risk consistent with previous findings from other countries.
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PMID:Mortality and incidence of cancer among a cohort of self employed butchers from Geneva and their wives. 828 Jun 26


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