Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

On a prospective fashion during approximately two years, 22 pediatric patients with acute non lymphocytic leukemia were evaluated. Of this population the majority had acute mielocytic leukemia, followed by acute myelomonocytic leukemia. Absolutely all patients at the time of diagnosis and subsequently every 4 to 6 weeks had a bone marrow aspiration test. When the patients were first seen, 54% of them presented fever; lymph node enlargement was not a common finding. Only few of this patients presented splenomegaly and/or hepatomegaly. In regards to complete blood counts the most outstanding of its was the presence of leukocyte count above 20000/mm.3 in 8 of this patients. From the 22 patients studied only 21 are evaluable. All 21 patients were treated with a 4 drug combination (modified COAP). Sixteen patients (76%) achieved bone marrow remission, of which only 15 patients (71%) achieved complete remission. The median duration remission was of 9.2 months with a range of 2 to 26 months. At the present time only 7 patients (33%) are alive and on remission. Two more patients are alive but in full relapse. The mortality rate of this study is of 59%. The review of recent chemotherapy reports is presented and the need for further trials is emphasized especially in view of recent papers published in which it appears that better results are being obtained at last in children's acute non lymphocitic leukemia.
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PMID:[Results of the treatment of nonlymphoblastic acute leukemia in a pediatric population]. 27 Sep 99

Three children with ALL having poor prognostic features developed clinical and laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Two developed a bleeding diathesis associated temporally with a rapid drop in blast cell counts during induction therapy with L-asparaginase, prednisone, and vincristine. One of these children died of massive cerebral hemorrhage. The third patient developed episodes of superficial thrombophlebitis associated with relapses and rising blast cell counts which responded to chemotherapy and treatment with heparin. The unusual association of ALL with DIC and the fact that all 3 patients had multiple poor prognostic signs have led us to monitor carefully the coagulation system and withhold L-asparaginase in patients with massive disease until the white cell count and organomegaly have responded to prednisone and vincristine. The more common association of DIC with non-lymphocytic leukemia and recent reports of the presence of the Ph' chromosome in children with leukemia morphologically resembling ALL suggest that chromosomal evaluation be done in selected leukemic patients.
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PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia with poor prognostic features. 27 70

The manifestation of Perthes disease after succesfully treated lymphoblastic leukemia is extremely rare. At the first signs of a femoral head necrosis--sonsidering the basic disease--and after cortisone treatment one has to think of a possible femoral head necrosis. It has been observed by several authors after long-term cortison therapy. The case of a 7 year old boy with Perthes disease after acute lymphatic leukemia is demonstrated. After treatment with chemotherapy, cortisone and radiation of the head he was free of pain for 2 years, then the Perthes disease became manifest with a deformed femural head. It could be cured but operation is necessary now or at the latest after termination of growth. In the case there seems to be no connexion between cortisone treatment and the manifestation of Perthes disease. It is more probable that this developed independently of the basic disease and its successful treatment because of the unilateral affection of the hip joint and the interval between treatment of leukemia and manifestion of the first symptoms of Perthes disease.
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PMID:[Perthes disease after successfully treated acute juvenile lymphoblastic leukemia]. 27 12

Since the initial development of the "passage A" mouse leukemia virus in 1957, this virus has been propagated in our laboratory by serial passage in newborn C3H(f) mice. At the present time, 10(-2)-10(-3) dilutions in physiological saline solution of this mouse-passaged virus induce lymphatic leukemia in practically all inoculated mice after a latency of 3-5 months. On the other hand, when the same virus was propagated on NIH 3T3 mouse embryo cells in tissue culture for more than 10 years, its leukemogenic potency became considerably reduced. Recent bioassay experiments carried out in our laboratory demonstrated that after such prolonged propagation in tissue culture this virus now induced leukemia in less than 15% of the inoculated suckling C3H(f) mice; only undiluted or 10% dilutions of the tissue culture fluid (very occasionally 10(-2) or 10(-3) dilutions) induced leukemia after a prolonged latency varying from 5.5 to 18 months. The passaged and the tissue-culture-grown virus strains are identical immunologically and indistinguishable in their morphology when examined by electron microscopy. The tissue-culture-grown virus, attenuated in its leukemogenic potency, does not, however, confer immunity against a challenge with the mouse-passaged virus.
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PMID:Relative loss of oncogenic potency of mouse leukemia virus (Gross) after prolonged propagation in tissue culture. 27 14

Forty-four patients with Ph positive leukemia (36 developing blast crisis after chronic phase and eight presenting in acute leukemia) were classified into subgroups on the basis of reactivity of blasts with an anti-serum made against non-T,non-B acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL+), levels of terminal transferase enzyme (TdT+) and morphology. Positivity with anti-ALL serum was the most sensitive and reliable marker, and TdT was an important aid. The presence of "lymphoid" blasts in blast crisis of CML was related to the response to chemotherapy incorporating Vincristine and Prednisolone (VP). Patients with ALL+ blasts frequently (14 of 15 cases) responded to therapy while 21 of 25 patients who had no ALL+ blasts failed to respond. The clinical course of the ALL+ patients was variable: eight patients remitted with return to the appearances of the chronic phase; four patients demonstrated elimination of the Ph1 positive clone with hypoplasia and this was followed by normal (Ph1 negative) marrow regeneration in two. Subsequent relapse was of either the ALL+ "lymphoid" or the ALL-myeloid type. A regimen incorporating VP should be the treatment of choice in "lymphoid" blast crisis of CML.
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PMID:Relation of "lymphoid" phenotype and response to chemotherapy incorporating vincristine-prednisolone in the acute phase of Ph1 positive leukemia. 28 75

Male BALB/c mice that received prophylactic iv treatment with pyran had significantly enhanced splenomegaly, an increased number of splenic foci induced by the spleen focus forming virus (SFFV) in the Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) complex, and a slightly decreased mean survival time as compared with untreated controls infected with F-MuLV. A corresponding increase in the lymphatic leukemia virus component of the F-MuLV complex was not observed, which suggests that the enhancement of the disease was due primarily to a selective increase in the SFFV component of the F-MuLV complex. That the enhancement was related to an increased number of target cells for SFFV was substantiated by data concerning erythropoiesis in iv pyran-treated animals. Increases in splenic hematocrits and in uptake of 59Fe in the spleens of animals treated iv with pyran provided quantitative evidence for the histologic finding of increased erythroid precursors in the spleens.
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PMID:Enhancement of erythroid target cells for Friend murine leukemia virus by intravenous pyran treatment. 28 1

(1) Superoxide dismutase activity in polymorphonuclear cells from human blood is considerably lower than that in lymphocytes. Macrophages from ascites show the middle level between the other two cells. (2) In myelocytic, monocytic, and lymphocytic leukemia cells, the enzyme activities are increased compared to those in the corresponding normal cells. (3) Gel electrophoresis patterns of all normal cells reveal bands corresponding to the cytosol and mitochondrial bands reported in previous studies. However, the mitochondrial Mn-containing superoxide dismutase activities are diminished or absent in leukemia cells. CN-insensitive superoxide dismutase activity in leukemia cells is not detected under the conditions.
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PMID:Increase of superoxide dismutase activity in various human leukemia cells. 29 94

BALB/c mice depleted of T-cells by thymectomy at 3 to 5 days of age and by treatment with antithymocyte serum were inoculated with the lymphatic leukemia virus derived from Friend virus. After a long latent period, these animals developed erythroid leukemia. In contrast, intact control mice inoculated with Friend virus-associated lymphatic leukemia virus developed typical thymic (T-cell) lymphomas. Cell-free virus prepared from leukemic T-cell-depleted animals induced lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid leukemias in intact mice. The erythroid leukemia-inducing virus differed from the spleen focus-forming component of Friend virus in its long latent period (88 to 225 days) and in its inability to induce spleen foci. End-point dilution experiments suggested that a hitherto undescribed component of the Friend virus complex might be responsible for these late-appearing erythroid leukemias.
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PMID:Erythroid leukemia induced by Friend lymphatic leukemia virus in T-cell-depleted mice. 31 86

Immunization of rabbits with rat leukemia DBLA-6 resulted in the production of antisera which upon absorption with hepatoma cells were specific for rat immature T lymphocytes. The antisera showed cytotoxicity against thymocytes and killed 75 approximately 90% of them, whereas the antisera had no cytotoxic effect on peripheral lymphocytes from the spleen, lymph node, and bone marrow of rats. The antisera also showed cytotoxicity against rat lymphatic leukemia and lymphoma cells of all lines tested but not against rat myelogenous leukemia and erythroleukemia cells. The cytotoxic activity of anti-DBLA-6 serum was completely absorbed with rat brain or thymocytes.
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PMID:Heterologous antiserum to a subpopulation of thymocytes and lymphomas in rats. 31 55

Infection of adult C57BL/6 mice with variants of the radiation leukemia virus resulted in variable leukemia incidence. One variant, designated D-RadLV, induced lymphatic leukemia in 0 to 25% of mice after virus inoculation directly into the thymus of young adult mice. The leukemia incidence could be increased to 80 to 100% by host exposure to x-rays. The second variant, A-RadLV, induced lymphatic leukemia in 80 to 100% of similarly inoculated mice without the need for additional radiation treatment. Adult mice were inoculated with D-radLV or A-RadLV. Both variants reduced the immune response to sheep erythrocytes whereas only D-RadLV had an immunosuppressive effect after immunization with a thymus-independent immunogen polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP). Results of transfer experiments indicated that the immunosuppressive effects were expressed at the immunocompetent cell level. Thymus-derived cells were affected by A-RadLV since their immunocompetent function was impaired, whereas D-RadLV affected the marrow cell population of immunocytes. Exposure of D-RadLV-inoculated mice to x-rays induced functional impairment of both thymus and marrow cells. Since the radiation leukemia virus induces "T" lymphatic leukemia it could be proposed that the initial tropism of the virus to thymocytes would lead to high leukemia induction potential, whereas virus tropism to bone marrow cells would yield a low leukemia incidence. The coleukemogenic effect of x-rays could perhaps be related with its capacity to alter and introduce a change in virus-lymphoid cells interaction.
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PMID:Immunologic characteristics in relation to high and low leukemogenic activity of radiation leukemia virus variants. I. Cellular analysis of immunosuppression. 32 Feb 61


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