Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Heterophile, Hanganutziu-Deicher (H-D) antigen was studied in pathologic sera by means of inhibition of agglutination of bovine erythrocytes by H-D antibodies. H-D antigen was demonstrated in 38% of random cancer sera, 25% of lymphoma or leukemia sera, 25% of leprosy sera, 8% of infectious mononucleosis sera, 6% of rheumatoid arthritis sera, and 27% of synovial fluids of rheumatoid arthritis patients. None of 134 normal human sera gave positive results. Some of the inhibition-positive cancer sera formed precipitation lines with H-D antibody-containing sera. Over 50% of various extracts of cancer tissues as well as spleens of lymphoma or leukemia patients were shown to contain H-D antigen by means of the inhibition test.
 ...
PMID:Hanganutziu-Deicher antigen and antibody in pathologic sera and tissues. 10 27

In 29 patients with blood diseases, in 40 with other diseases and 22 healthy blood donors sucrose test for presence of plasma haemolytic factor was performed by the method of Hartmann et al. in the modification of Hansen. The percent index of haemolysis of erythrocytes after incubation with serum in 10% sucrose solution was calculated. The results were evaluated in 4 variants: 1) positive sucrose test for presence of SHF against own erythrocytes, 2) positive sucrose test for presence of SHF against foreign erythrocytes, 3) authohaemolysis in 10% sucrose and 0.9% NaCl solution, 4) haemolysis of foreign erythrocytes in 10% sucrose and 0.9% NaCl. The test was usually negative in healthy controls and patients with non-haematological diseases and in patients with leukemia it was positive in 17%.
 ...
PMID:[Sucrose test in leukemias]. 26 62

Interferons are currently the most widely used biological response modifiers. They are of high clinical value in haematological malignancies (chronic myelogenous leukaemia, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma), in solid tumours (malignant melanoma, hypernephroma, pancreas neoplasms, carcinoid tumours, Kaposi's sarcoma, glioma, in ovarium, cervix and bladder carcinoma, and in basalioma) and in infectious diseases (chronic hepatitis B, chronic non-A/non-B hepatitis, chronic delta hepatitis, AIDS, Papova virus and Rhinovirus infections, leishmaniasis, leprosy) and some other conditions. Although the mechanism of action of interferons has not been explained in every detail these agents are promising therapeutic means in a number of diseases.
 ...
PMID:Role of interferon in clinical practice. 172 32

Thermostable ethanol insoluble antigens (BE antigens) were identified that occur in all human tissues and human dispersed cells, but which are absent from normal human serum. In contradistinction to previously described organ-specific BE antigens, these antigens were referred to as non-organ-specific tissue antigens (NOST). Antisera obtained by immunization of rabbits with BE preparations of human organs had been selected for being devoid of any organ specificity and had been absorbed by BE preparations of pooled human serum. Such antisera could be used as reagents for detection of NOST BE antigens in pathological human sera. Inhibition of enzyme immunoassay proved to be a convenient procedure for these studies. Inhibition of 35% or more was only exceptionally noted in studying sera of normal subjects 20-40 years old, but inhibition exceeding 35% (positive results) was noted in 48% of sera from subjects at the age of 70 years or more. A high incidence of positive results was also encountered in sera of patients with end-stage renal disease (30%), renal graft recipients (18%), and in patients with lymphoma or leukemia (44%), but interestingly enough, no positive tests were noted in patients with lepromatous leprosy.
 ...
PMID:Non-organ specific thermostable tissue antigens. 243 4

In order to clarify the prevalence of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection in the Kagoshima district, Japan, a highly endemic area for HTLV-I, antibodies for HTLV-I (anti-HTLV-I) were examined in the sera of 6167 from healthy residents and patients with various hematologic and nonhematologic diseases. In healthy residents, including blood donors, the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I was 11.9% (562/4741 persons). The prevalence increased with age, and was significantly higher in in females than in males (P less than 0.01). The prevalence of anti-HTLV-I in blood donors was 8.5%. In In hematologic diseases, the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I was 98.3% in ATL, 28.9% in lymphoproliferative disorders except ATL, and 10.6% in myeloproliferative disorders. In nonhematologic diseases, the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I was shown to be 29.5% in pulmonary tuberculosis, 25.8% in leprosy, 33.8% in chronic renal failure (CRF), 21.9% in autoimmune diseases, and 47.8% in strongyloidiasis. The various diseases except myeloproliferative disorders had significantly higher prevalence of anti-HTLV-I than healthy residents (P less than 0.01 or 0.05). For autoimmune diseases, the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I in patients with blood transfusion (55.6%) was higher than in those without blood transfusion (8.7%), and healthy residents. In hemodialysis patients with CRF who had received blood transfusions the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I increased with the number of blood transfusions. Therefore, HTLV-I transmission via blood transfusion would partially explain these high prevalence of anti-HTLV-I. However, the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I in hemodialysis patients with CRF was statistically higher than that in healthy residents, regardless of blood transfusion (P less than 0.01). Furthermore, hemodialysis patients showed significantly higher prevalence of anti-HTLV-I than healthy residents, even at a younger age. Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and leprosy showed the same results as hemodialysis patients. These results suggest that possibility that HTLV-I infection has some relation not only to ATL but also to other diseases. Therefore, it seems very important to halt the spread of HTLV-I transmission as soon as possible.
 ...
PMID:The prevalence of human T-cell leukemia virus type I infection in patients with hematologic and nonhematologic diseases in an adult T-cell leukemia-endemic area of Japan. 276 24

Immunology is a discipline that traverses all branches of clinical medicine. Thus since about ten years ago major hospitals in Malaysia established routine clinical immunology services particularly in the diagnosis of autoimmune/connective tissue disorders. More recently these laboratories have ventured into basic research in Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever, Leukaemia Immunology, Nasopharyngeal Cancer and Leprosy. The rationale for these projects together with early results from them are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Immunology in Malaysia--a review. 304 63

The distribution of the Australia antigen was investigated in 633 white and negroid healthy persons, 218 white and negroid leprosy patients, and 50 white leukaemia patients. The subjects were living at the time of the investigation in two southern Brazilian cities. Two of the patients with leukaemia showed the antigen, as also did three out of 358 negro subjects, but no reactors were found among the healthy white subjects and leprosy patients.
 ...
PMID:The Australia antigen in Brazilian healthy persons and in leprosyand leukaemia patients. 526 5

A great deal of interest and speculation has arisen from the discovery of a specific antigen, Australia antigen, in the serum of a high proportion of patients with viral hepatitis. This antigen has been found also in the serum of some patients with other conditions, including Down's syndrome, leukemia, leprosy, chronic renal disorders, and chronic active liver disease. It is not found in the serum of normal persons. Australia antigen has been postulated as the causative agent of viral hepatitis. In most patients the antigen can be detected for less than two weeks during the acute phase of the disease. Its persistence in other conditions may be due to an impairment of the immune response. The course of acute viral hepatitis is usually uncomplicated, full recovery of liver function taking place within four to six weeks, with restoration of normal liver histology within three to four months. Follow-up studies of patients in whom hepatitis has developed during epidemics have failed to reveal evidence of subsequent chronic progressive liver disease. This suggests that most cases of chronic active hepatitis are not the result of preceding acute viral hepatitis. However, the recent finding of Australia antigen in the serum of a small number of patients raises the possibility that sporadic viral hepatitis may be one of the causes of the chronic active hepatitis. Alternatively, the presence of the antigen may be interpreted as being due to an altered immune response. The treatment of acute hepatic coma remains unsatisfactory. Several new forms of therapy have been tried in recent years in an uncontrolled way. These include multiple exchange blood transfusions, isolated pig liver perfusion, human cross-circulation, and cross-circulation with baboons. Transient improvement may follow any of these procedures, but evidence that they influence the final outcome of the disease is lacking. The rapid fluctuations in the neurological status of individual patients makes it difficult to interpret the effects of therapy. Also, until satisfactory objective criteria of degrees of coma are universally accepted it will be impossible to compare one mode of therapy with another.
 ...
PMID:Current concepts in viral hepatitis. 552 Jul 27

One hour incubation with the thymic extract TP-1 induced reciprocal effect on B and T rosette formation in lymphocytes of human peripheral blood. The percentage of mouse erythrocyte rosette-forming cells among lymphocytes of chronic lymphatic leukaemia was decreased by TP-1 from 54.5% to 27.1% (P < 0.001). No such effect was observed in healthy adult or cord blood lymphocytes. On the other hand, the percentage of sheep erythrocyte rosette forming cells increased significantly after TP-1 treatment, but only under conditions of active rosette formation and not in the total rosette assay. This increase was highly significant in three conditions with relative deficiency of cell-mediated immunity: newborns (17.1 to 28.3%), cancer patients (24.5 to 31.7%) and patients with lepromatous leprosy (19.8 to 31.8%). Only a small increase was noticed in healthy adults. A similarly prepared spleen extract was not active in either B or T rosette assays.
 ...
PMID:Thymic hormonal activity on human peripheral blood lymphocytes, in vitro. I. Reciprocal effect on T and B rosette formation. 696 19

The exact mechanism of immunosuppression by thalidomide is poorly understood. A common denominator in the pathogenesis of graft-vs.-host disease, graft rejection, reactional lepromatous leprosy, and autoimmune disorders modulated by thalidomide is the activation of T lymphocytes culminating in the synthesis of interleukin-2 (IL-2), the expression of high-affinity IL-2 receptors, and the induction of proliferation. We investigated the effect of thalidomide on the production of IL-2 by the human leukemia cell line Jurkat through induction of IL-2 gene enhancer activity and through the presence of IL-2 in supernatants. beta-galactosidase activity, encoded by a reporter lac z construct and controlled by a transcription factor in thalidomide-treated PMA- and ionomycin-stimulated Jurkat cells, was similar (97 +/- 1.33%; p > 0.1) to non-thalidomide-treated controls at all drug concentrations tested. IL-2 enhancer-driven beta-galactose activity of thalidomide-treated and stimulated cells was also similar to that of untreated controls (p > 0.2). The IL-2 production of activated nontransfected Jurkat cells was gauged by using the IL-2-dependent cell line HT-2 as a readout and by ELISA. Jurkat cells were subcloned by limiting dilution. Bulk cultures and three subclones (J.5.2.5., J.5.2.9., and J.5.3.8.) were assayed at 6, 12, and 24 hours after PHA/PMA-induced stimulation. No inhibitory effect on the IL-2 production by thalidomide could be detected at any of the drug concentrations tested (5-30 micrograms/mL), whereas 10 to 100 ng/mL of cyclosporine inhibited the IL-2 production by 95 to 100%. In addition, we observed neither inhibition of IL-2-dependent proliferation of HT-2 nor inhibition of PHA-induced proliferation of peripheral mononuclear cells by thalidomide at all drug concentrations used (5-30 micrograms/mL). These results do not support the possibility of a modulatory effect on the immune response by thalidomide via IL-2 production and IL-2 response.
 ...
PMID:Does thalidomide affect IL-2 response and production? 763 84


1 2 Next >>