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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The immature capsids of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), known as intracytoplasmic A particles, have been isolated from murine L1210 leukemia cells. The diameter of the isolated particles was 80 nm as determined by negative staining. Two polypeptides of 77 and 110 kDa were found to be their major polypeptide components, in agreement with the expected sizes of the Gag and Gag-Pro precursor polypeptides of the mature MMTV proteins. Both polypeptides were recognized by antibodies directed toward the matrix (p10) and capsid (p27) proteins of MMTV. Immunogold labeling of p10 on isolated A particles, visualized by negative staining, showed that this protein is located at the surface of the immature capsids, whereas p27 can be detected only in broken or disrupted particles, suggesting that it has an internal location. These observations were confirmed by immunolabeling of both proteins on thin sections of A particle-producing cells. In addition, the viral protease had a more internal position than p27. Since the sequential order of the viral proteins in the Gag precursor is p10-pp21-p27-p14 and that in Gag-Pro is p10-pp21-p27-p30-protease, our results demonstrate the radial organization of the polypeptide precursors forming the intracytoplasmic A particles.
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PMID:Purification of immature cores of mouse mammary tumor virus and immunolocalization of protein domains. 138 97

The prolactin receptor (Prlr) and growth hormone receptor (Ghr) genes and the Moloney murine leukemia virus integration-2 (Mlvi-2) locus were mapped to mouse chromosome 15 and human chromosome 5 bands p12-p14. To examine the potential relationship between Mlvi-2 and the genes encoding the growth hormone receptor and the prolactin receptor, we determined the chromosomal location of all three loci in the rat, using a panel of rat-mouse somatic cell hybrids, and in the mouse, using a panel of (C57BL/6J x Mus spretus)F1 x C57BL/6J interspecific backcross mice. These analyses revealed that Ghr, Prlr, and Mlvi-2 map to chromosome 2 in the rat and to chromosome 15 in the mouse, in close proximity with each other. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of rat genomic DNA showed no overlaps between the gene encoding the prolactin receptor and the remaining loci. Moreover, expression of the prolactin receptor was not affected by provirus insertion in Mlvi-2. During these studies, however, we detected one T-cell lymphoma line (2779) in which the prolactin receptor gene was activated by provirus integration. Sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction-derived cDNA clones showed that the prolactin receptor RNA message initiates at the 5' long terminal repeat and utilizes the splice donor site 5' of the gag gene to splice the viral sequences onto exon 1 of the prolactin receptor. This message is predicted to encode the intact prolactin receptor protein product. Exposure of the T-cell lymphoma line 2779 to prolactin promoted cellular proliferation.
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PMID:Activation of the prolactin receptor gene by promoter insertion in a Moloney murine leukemia virus-induced rat thymoma. 140 14

A 21-year-old male presented with a large mediastinal mass and a white cell count of 420 x 10(9)/L. A diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was made, with 90% of cells in the bone marrow (BM) and 99% in the peripheral blood (PB) being lymphoblasts (FAB L1). Cytogenetic analysis of these cells revealed a rare variant of the t(4;11) translocation involving chromosome arm 11p rather than 11q, namely t(4;11)(q21;p14-15). The standard form of the (4;11) translocation has been associated with leukemias with mixed-lineage phenotypes. Three cases of ALL with t(4q;11p) have previously been reported. One of these cases showed phenotypic heterogeneity involving myeloid and lymphoid lineages. The leukemia reported here also exhibits lymphoid/myeloid features. Immunophenotyping of the blasts showed that most of the cells were positive for CD2, CD5, CD7, CD10 (CALLA), CD34, and HLA-DR. A significant proportion of the cells expressed CD33. These results suggest a biphenotypic rather than a biclonal disease. Molecular analysis showed rearrangement of both immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes (JH) and of a single allele of the T-cell receptor (TCR) gamma 1 gene, while retaining germline TCR beta genes.
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PMID:A rare translocation (4;11)(q21;p14-15) in an acute lymphoblastic leukemia expressing T-cell and myeloid markers. 175 71

A total of 161 cases of pediatric de novo acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) have been reviewed, for which complete karyotyping was available and three cases (2%) were identified with t(10;11)(p14;q21). Two of the three children were infants with monoblastic (FAB M5) leukemia and the third was an adolescent with undifferentiated myeloid (FAB M1) leukemia. Both infants presented with increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase. None of these cases had increased eosinophils. One of the infants is in remission 18+ months after diagnosis and intensive chemotherapy; the two other children attained brief initial remissions but succumbed to their disease within 11 months of diagnosis. The prognosis of such children appears to be similar to that of cases of AML lacking this translocation.
Leukemia 1991 Jul
PMID:The t(10;11)(p14;q21) translocation in three children with acute myeloblastic leukemia. 207 41

Children with constitutional deletions of chromosome 11p13 suffer from aniridia, genitourinary malformations, and mental retardation and are predisposed to develop bilateral Wilms tumor (the WAGR syndrome). The critical region for these defects has been narrowed to a segment of band 11p13 between the catalase and the beta-follicle-stimulating hormone genes. In this report, we have cloned the endpoints from a WAGR patient whose large cytogenetic deletion, del(11)(p14.3::p13), does not include the catalase gene. The deletion was characterized using DNA polymorphisms and found to originate in the paternally derived chromosome 11. The distal endpoint was identified as a rearrangement of locus D11S21 in conventional Southern blots of the patient's genomic DNA, but was not detected in leukocyte DNA from either parent or in sperm DNA from the father. The proximal endpoint was isolated by cloning the junction fragment and was mapped in relation to other markers and breakpoints. It defines a new locus in 11p13-delta J, which is close to the Wilms tumor gene and the breakpoint cluster region (TCL2) of the frequent t(11;14)(p13;q11) translocation in acute T-cell leukemia. An unusual concentration of base pair substitutions was discovered at delta J, in which 9 of 44 restriction sites tested (greater than 20%) vary in the population. This property makes delta J one of the most polymorphic loci on chromosome 11 and may reflect an underlying instability that contributed to the original mutation. The breakpoint extends the genetic map of this region and provides a useful marker for linkage studies and the analysis of allelic segregation in tumor cells.
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PMID:A highly polymorphic locus cloned from the breakpoint of a chromosome 11p13 deletion associated with the WAGR syndrome. 257 49

The Moloney leukemia virus integration 2 (MLV12) locus represents a common region for proviral integration and a putative oncogene involved in the induction of thymic lymphomas in rodents. The human homolog of the MLV12 locus has been cloned and studies have been initiated to determine its possible role in the induction and progression of human neoplasms. In this study we used a panel of human X rodent somatic cell hybrids and in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes to map MLV12 to the short arm of the human chromosome 5, band p14.
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PMID:The human homolog of the Moloney leukemia virus integration 2 locus (MLV12) maps to band p14 of chromosome 5. 279 87

Partial sequence analysis of a 14 kilodalton protein (p14), synthesized by in vitro translation of bovine leukemia virus genomic RNA, showed that it is encoded in the 'X' region of proviral DNA, located between the env gene and the 3' long terminal repeat. The 'X' gene contains a short and a long open reading frame (X-SORF and X-LORF) which overlap. BLV p14x is specified by X-SORF and not X-LORF as seen with the related human T-cell leukemia virus which expresses p38-40x. Antibodies in sera from animals with BLV induced tumors were shown to recognize p14x. Expression of this protein in natural infection might be important for virus replication and/or for BLV induced oncogenesis.
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PMID:Bovine leukemia virus post-envelope gene coded protein: evidence for expression in natural infection. 299 55

Cytogenetic studies are reported on 17 T-cell malignant lymphomas (ML) including six cutaneous T-cell malignant lymphomas (CTCL). Due to the low incidence of rearrangements on bands where the T-cell receptor genes are located, other cases reported in the literature were analyzed in order to estimate the most frequent chromosomal breakpoints in ML, CTCL, and adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. Besides chromosomes 1 and 6q, 14q11, 7p15p21, and 7q32q35, the most frequent rearrangements involved bands 14q32, 2p11-p14, 2p23-p25, 17cen, 9p21p23, and 10p13p15. These results show that molecular studies must be concentrated on these chromosomal regions in order to identify the DNA sequences that may be involved in T-cell malignancies.
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PMID:Cytogenetics of T-cell malignant lymphoma. Report of 17 cases and review of the chromosomal breakpoints. 306 Feb 49

We report a patient with acute eosinophilic leukemia and a translocation (10;11)(p14;q21). Clinically, the disease was characterized by extreme hypereosinophilia with most eosinophils being immature, pronounced marrow infiltration with abnormal eosinophil precursors, skin and lymphoid infiltration with leukemic eosinophils, and only a brief remission from chemotherapy. This is the second report of a patient with this cytogenetic/clinicopathological association. In our patient, t(10;11)(p14;q21) was the sole karyotypic abnormality seen in the bone marrow, both at diagnosis and relapse. Thus, acute eosinophilic leukemia with t(10;11)(p14;q21) appears to be a rare, new clinical/cytogenetic association. Because both patients with this translocation responded only briefly to chemotherapy, this chromosomal abnormality may confer a poor prognosis.
Leukemia 1988 Jun
PMID:Acute eosinophilic leukemia with a (10;11) chromosomal translocation. 337 71

Three cases with chromosome changes involving bands 7p14 or 7p15 and 11p15 are described: one was a Japanese female with an acute myelomonocytic leukemia, the second was a white female with a 10-year history of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria who developed a myelodysplastic syndrome, and the third was a patient with Ph-negative atypical chronic myelogenous leukemia with trisomy 8 and a chromosome change involving bands 7p14 and 11p15. These cases possibly indicate that the t(7;11)(p14 or p15;p15) change may characterize a subset of human nonlymphocytic neoplasia.
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PMID:Translocation between chromosomes 7 and 11 in nonlymphocytic neoplasia. 347 6


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