Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We investigated the expression of fos oncogene proteins in lymphoproliferative disorders, using a monoclonal antibody (FO-120) that was prepared against a synthetic oligopeptide of fos protein (amino acid sequence from 127 to 152). Although peripheral blood leukocytes were rarely positive for FO-120, they were transiently stained after lectin (PHA) stimulation. After culture with IL-2 for 1 or 2 weeks, less than 40% of the lymphocytes weakly reacted with FO-120, whereas strongly positive cells were detected in more than 70% of cells in half the T-cell lines established from preleukemic state of adult T-cell leukemia (pre-ATL) and all of ATL derived T-cell lines. All in vivo specimens of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas, except for one case of T-cell lymphoma were also strongly positive. In addition, the extent of the antibody reactivity correlated with the histopathological grade of malignancy in B-cell lymphoma. The reactivity to most AILD-IBL lesions overlapped with that to T-lymphomas, and could be distinguished from that to reactive lesions. FO-120 appears to be a useful tool for detecting early neoplastic changes in lymphoproliferative disorders.
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PMID:Detection of fos oncogene products by monoclonal antibody FO-120 in lymphoproliferative disorders. 251 20

We analyzed the rearrangement of TcR delta chain gene in 179 cases of hematological malignancies. In 17 T-cell lines, RPMI 8402, DND41, Peer, and Molt 13 had delta rearranged band (s). Except for RPMI 8402, these cell lines expressed functional delta gene. All of those gamma delta-T-cell lines had short message (1 kb) of TcR beta gene. These findings suggest differences between alpha beta-T-cells and gamma delta-T-cells. All 9 cases of T-ALL/LBL, of which 4 had neither gamma nor beta gene rearrangement, had a new rearranged band of TcR delta locus. This rearrangement was observed in 63% of B-lineage ALL/LBL. In the other T-lymphoproliferative disorders, only 2 cases of AILD and 1 of T-cell lymphoma had the rearranged band (s), showing derived T-cell neoplasm from gamma delta-T-cell as minority. In B-leukemia/lymphoma and myelocytic leukemia, 15% of the cases had the delta rearrangement. Heterogenous findings of TcR delta locus analysis were observed in ATLL without proviral HTLV-I DNA, T-cell lymphoma, AILD and HD. The J delta 1 region was frequently used and the J delta 2 region was rearranged in one AILD. It is suspected that J delta 3 was used in one T-ALL/LBL. There was no correlation between the phenotypic pattern of CD3, CD4, and CD8 in T cell disorders and the rearrangement of the TcR delta gene. These findings suggest that the newly identified TcR delta chain gene rearranges at a very early stage of T cell ontogeny; prior to the other TcR genes and perhaps at almost the same differentiation level as that of CD7 expression. The TcR delta gene is useful in evaluating clonality for the most immature T cell neoplasms not showing rearrangement of the other TcR genes. This gene is not lineage specific, however, when used in conjunction with IgHC gene, it may be a useful tool for the study of ALL/LBL.
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PMID:Analysis of T-cell receptor delta chain gene in hematological malignancies. 253 58

Studies of lymphoproliferative disorders using immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes have contributed to our understanding of clonality and lineages of these disorders. In this study, we examined the rearrangement of the recently discovered T-cell delta chain genes in a variety of lymphoproliferative diseases. We show here that six of 14 T-cell lymphomas and five of 23 B-cell lymphomas or B-cell leukemia cell lines have rearranged the delta loci, while two of two hyperimmune reactions retain germline configuration within these genes. Seven of ten cases of AILD were rearranged, and Lennert's lymphoma, which has been previously described as a T-cell malignancy, also contains rearrangements in the delta chain genes (three of five). Large cell anaplastic lymphomas positive for the activation antigen CD 30 also contain rearrangement in about one-half (five of 11) of the tumors examined. Two of seven of the Hodgkin's lymphomas studied contained a rearrangement for this gene. This study indicates that this newly identified T-cell delta gene is useful in evaluating clonality but is not lineage specific. However, with only one exception (in 28 rearrangements), this gene rearranges in tumors with gamma and beta chain gene rearrangements, indicating that when used in conjunction with the other TcR genes, delta rearrangement may also be useful in evaluating lineages.
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PMID:Rearrangement of T-cell delta locus in lymphoproliferative disorders. 326 May 25

Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy often begins with constitutional symptoms, such as fever, malaise, and weight loss. Most patients have generalized lymphadenopathy, and about 40 per cent have skin lesions with maculopapular erythema, purpura, urticaria, or exfoliative erythroderma. Lymph-node biopsy specimens demonstrate the most characteristic histopathologic features: extensive effacement of lymph nodal architecture; a pleomorphic population of immunoblasts, plasma cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils; interstitial deposits of eosinophilic material; and prominent vascular proliferation, with "arborization" of small vessels. The pathogenesis of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy is still unknown, but its histopathologic features and laboratory findings strongly suggest that it is an immunologically mediated disorder. Some clinical and laboratory evidence supports the possibility that angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy is a benign reactive or proliferative process, whereas other studies suggest that it might be a malignant disease. In some patients, it can develop into immunoblastic sarcoma or other types of malignant lymphoma or leukemia. It is probably reasonable to consider angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy a prelymphomatous state of immunoblastic sarcoma.
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PMID:Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. 391 79

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is a DNA polymerase located in the cell nucleus which catalyses the polymerization of deoxynucleotides at the 3'hydroxyl ends of oligo- or polydeoxynucleotide initiators without a template. TdT is known as a useful marker for the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma, but its detection usually requires fresh tissue specimens or cell suspensions, using either an enzyme analysis or immuno-fluorescence or -peroxidase staining. Until the recent development of the use of microwave-treated paraffin sections for immunoperoxidase staining, detection of TdT in paraffin sections required rather complicated processes. This new simple technique was applied to paraffin sections from the tumour tissue specimens of 16 patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma and of seven patients with non-endemic Burkitt's lymphoma, which is sometimes difficult to differentiate from lymphoblastic lymphoma because of their similar clinicopathological characteristics. In addition, as a control, ten cases each were examined of adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and angioimmunoblastic lymphoma (AILD), which are both peripheral T-cell lymphomas. The tumour cells from 15 of the 16 (94 per cent) patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma were found to be TdT-positive. The specificity of the anti-TdT antibody used was confirmed by immunoblot and the specific 60 kD band was detected only in a specimen of lymphoblastic lymphoma. These results show that the immunostaining of TdT on paraffin-embedded sections is a useful method for differentiating lymphoblastic lymphoma from other lymphomas. This method is applicable to a routine diagnostic service.
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PMID:Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase staining of malignant lymphomas in paraffin sections: a useful method for the diagnosis of lymphoblastic lymphoma. 922 46

We studied eight patients with characteristic features of angio-immunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AILD-TL) associated with more than 25% of large B cells. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed a clonal rearrangement of the T cell receptor (TCR)-gamma chain gene in all cases. One additional case showed a clonal rearrangement of the TCR-beta chain gene by Southern blot hybridization. PCR analysis showed a clonal immunoglobulin rearrangement in three cases presenting with more than 50% of large B cells whereas the other cases had a germline configuration. In 6/8 cases, double-labeling immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization demonstrated that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was mostly present in the large B cells but also detected in some T cells. We further evaluated the frequency of AILD-TL with more than 25% of large B cells in the 106 cases collected by the French GELA group and found an incidence of 18%. The outcome of these patients did not differ significantly from those with less than 25% of B cells. With this approach we confirm the heterogeneity of AILD-TL features and the possible association with a substantial numbers of CD20(+), EBV(+) large B cells. We propose to denominate these cases as 'AILD-TL rich in large B cells' and to consider them as a different entity which can be misdiagnosed as a reactive process or as T cell rich B cell lymphoma.
Leukemia 2002 Oct
PMID:Angio-immunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AILD-TL) rich in large B cells and associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. A different subtype of AILD-TL? 1235 68

WHO classification for malignant lymphoma was recently proposed. However, PTCL is heterogeneous. Chemokines and its receptors are closely associated with the T-cell subtypes. To clarify the T-cell subtype in PTCL, we conducted DNA chips of chemokine, its receptor (R) and cytokines. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AILD, n=4), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL, n=4), adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL, n=7), NK-cell lymphoma (NKL, n=2) and PTCL, unspecified (PTCL-U, n=6) were analyzed using DNA chips. In addition, immunological stainings were performed in 280 cases. In DNA chip, AILD, ALCL, NKL and ATLL showed a tendency for respective clusters, otherwise, PTCL-U clustered with AILD, ALCL and ATLL. From the gene expression profiling, CCR4, CCR3, MIG, CXCR3 and BLC were selected for immunohistochemistry. ATLL (n=48) expressed CCR4. ALCL (n=26) expressed CCR3, NKL (n=20) expressed MIG, and AILD (n=29) expressed CXCR3 and/or BLC. From the expression patterns, PTCL-U (n=134) were classified into three groups; CCR4 type (CCR4(+), n=42), CCR3 type (CCR3(+), n=31) and CXCR3 type (CXCR3(+) BLC(+/-), n=54). The prognosis was poor for ATLL, intermediate for AILD and favorable for ALCL (P=0.0014). Among PTCL-U, CCR4 type, CXCR3 type and CCR3 type had prognoses equivalent to ATLL, AILD and ALCL, respectively (P<0.0001).
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PMID:Classification of distinct subtypes of peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified, identified by chemokine and chemokine receptor expression: Analysis of prognosis. 1528 61

Angioimmunoblastic lymphoma (AITL) is a nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma characterized by a proliferation of arborizing vessels and hyperplastic follicular dendritic cells as well as a polymorphous lymphoid infiltrate including neoplastic cells with clear cytoplasm. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is caused by the retrovirus human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), and the neoplastic cells are usually large and pleomorphic. Recently, a rare morphologic variant of ATLL with AITL-like features has been reported. Here, we presented a case of peripheral T-cell lymphoma with morphological features of AITL in Taiwan, a country non-endemic for HTLV, and the patient was seropositive for anti-HTLV antibody, which raised the possibility of ATLL with AITL-like features. Immunohistochemically, there were hyperplastic follicular dendritic meshworks by CD21 immunostaining, and the neoplastic cells expressed CD10, programmed death-1, and CXCL13. Furthermore, Southern blot analysis using DNA extracted from the nodal tissue was negative for HTLV-I proviral integration. Our investigations indicated that in an HTLV-I non-endemic area, a peripheral T-cell lymphoma with typical morphologic and immunophenotypic features of AITL could be confidently diagnosed as AITL even if the patient was seropositive for anti-HTLV antibody.
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PMID:Differential diagnosis of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma with seropositivity for anti-HTLV antibody from adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. 2019 59