Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sera from 67 Hodgkin's disease patients, 71 leukemia patients, and 186 healthy subjects were tested for antibodies to Epstein-Barr (EB) viral antigens by immunofluorescence methods. In both disease categories, in particular Hodgkin's disease patients, levels of antibodies to the viral capsid antigen (EBV-VCA) and MGT were higher than in the healthy controls. Significantly higher titers were found in Jewish patients of Asian-African origin, as compared to Jews of European origin, with Arab patients as intermediates. The effect of ethnic origin was independant of age and histopathologic type. Sex had no effect on titer. Inconsistent differences in titer were found between age groups in the various ethnic-histopathologic type groups. Some of the leukemia patients had no detectable antibodies to EBV, while all Hodgkin's disease patients showed previous contact with EB virus. Antibodies to the early antigen (EBV-EA) were found in 27% of Hodgkin's and 37% of leukemia patients, and in none of the healthy controls tested.
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PMID:Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus in patients with Hodgkin's disease and leukemia. 17 16

The nephrotic syndrome complicating malignancy in the absence of renal vein thrombosis, amyloid or neoplastic infiltration of the kidney is an unusual occurrence. A case of diffuse, well differentiated, lymphocytic lymphoma and lipoid nephrosis documented by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunofluorescent studies is reported. A review of the literature revealed 76 case reports in which the nephrotic syndrome was associated with neoplasia. The most frequently associated neoplasms are Hodgkin's disease, various carcinomas, nonHodgkin's lymphoma and leukemia in descending order. The most frequent renal lesion in patients with the nephrotic syndrome associated with various carcinomas is membranous glomerulonephritis (81 per cent) as opposed to patients with lymphomas or leukemias who have predominantly lipoid nephrosis (60 per cent). The evidence is reviewed suggesting that the lesions in membranous nephropathy are immunologically mediated by tumor or viral antigen-antibody complexes and in lipoid nephrosis perhaps by a defect in t-lymphocyte function.
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PMID:The nephrotic syndrome associated with neoplasia: an unusual paraneoplastic syndrome. Report of a case and review of the literature. 18 Aug 1

A [3H[cDNA probe synthesized from the RNA genome of Rauscher murine leukemia virus (MuLVR) and purified by hybridization to MuLVR70S RNA was hybridized to DNA from human normal and hemotopoietic neoplasia tissues. This cDNA hybridized completely to its homologous 70S RNA and was free of self-complementary sequences. Sequences complementary to MuLVR cDNA were found in DNA from tissues of some patients with leukemia (2 of 8), Hodgkin's disease (3 of 10), and one patient with multiple myeloma. DNA from spleen and kidney of a patient with nonneoplastic disease did not contain detectable MuLVR-related sequences. These virus-related sequences in the DNA from these neoplastic tissues were related but not identical to MuLVR sequences because differences of approximately 6 degrees in the midpoints of thermal elution profiles were found between the heterologous and homologous duplexes. These nucleotide sequences are not the same as the proviral sequences of baboon type-C virus previously found from some other patients with leukemia [Reitz et al. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73,2113-2117; Wong-Staal et al. (1976) Nature 262, 190-195], because there is no sequence homology between nucleic acids from MuLVR and baboon virus. The absence of these nucleic acid sequences in many tissues of patients with neoplasia and from the few tissues examined from people with nonneoplastic disease suggests that they are not endogenous elements but are acquired after fertilization. Taken together with the previous detection of baboon and woolly monkey type-C viral related components in some human tumors, the results suggest acquisition of at least three types of type-C viral sequences in the human population.
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PMID:Rauscher-leukemia-virus-related sequences in human DNA: presence in some tissues of some patients with hemotopoietic neoplasias and absence in DNA from other tissues. 18 12

During the period of three years ((1972-1974), serum samples from 60 patients (children and adolescents) with lympho-hematopoietic system diseases were examined for antibodies to all four human herpesviruses. Among these were 26 active Hodgkin's disease (AHD) patients and 6 HD patients with a minimum five years' remission. Simultaneously matched controls (age, sex) of AHD patients were examined. Antibody levels against the viral capsid antigen of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV/VCA) in AHD patients were significantly higher, with overrepresentation of higher titres (greater than or equal to 1:160), than in matched controls. The lowest EBV/VCA antibody titres were in the leukemia-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. We could not prove any significant relationship between cytomegalovirus or herpes simplex virus type 1 antibody titres and AHD or any other disease of lympho-hematopoietic system. The varicella-zoster virus antibody titres in AHD patients were significantly higher than in matched controls. No significant differences in antibodies against EBV/VCA and the other human herpes viruses between the evolution and remission period of AHD patients could be detected. No differences in EBV/VCA antibody titres were observed between the healthy school-children aged 10 to 15 years who were and who were not in contact with a HD patient.
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PMID:Herpesvirus group antibodies in children with Hodgkin's disease. 19 63

Collagenolytic activity in leukocytes and plasma concentration of hydroxyproline were estimated in 80 patients with leukemias and Hodgkin's disease and in 20 healthy individuals. An increase of both studied parameters was found in chronic myelocytic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease, and a decrease was shown in acute myelocytic leukemia and acute lymphatic leukemia. The results obtained imply that metabolic changes occur in leukemia leukocytes, and indicate the presence of disturbances in the metabolism of connective tissue in the studied disorders.
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PMID:Collagenolytic activity in leukocytes isolated from patients with leukemias and Hodgkin's disease. 21 37

Isolation of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in suspension lymphoblastoid cell lines from human patients with tumor diseases, mainly malignant lymphoma, has been described. It has been shown that the EBV was isolated from human patients with myeloid type of leukemia in 75% of cases. A similar virus was also isolated from patients with Hodgkin's disease and leukemoid reaction of the myeloid type for lung cancer. Morphological, cytochemical, immunological, and cytogenetic characteristics of the cell lines in which the EBV is replicated have been investigated.
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PMID:The establishment of the suspension Epstein-Barr virus producing cell lines from patients with tumoral diseases. 22 67

Radiotherapy is important in the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma of children. In acute lymphocytic leukemia administration of cranial irradiation early during chemotherapy-induced remission prevents initial meningeal relapse. When cranial irradiation is combined with a 3-year course of multiple drug systemic chemotherapy approximately one-half of the children remain in complete remission for 5 years or more and are at little risk of relapse. Preventive cranial irradiation is effective in children with acute myelocytic leukemia, also, but this does not affect survival because of the inadequacy of chemotherapy in controlling bone marrow disease. Low dose palliative irradiation can be helpful in caring for some children with obstructive, painful or disabling leukemic lesions. In Hodgkin's disease of children radiotherapy is effective in curing stages IA, IIA, and IIIA disease and contributes to chemotherapy control of stages IIIB and IV disease. The role of radiotherapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is less clear. Children with T-lymphoblastic lymphoma tend to have rapid dissemination to bone marrow and meninges and appear to benefit more from multiple agent chemotherapy and preventive meningeal irradiation. Children with B-lymphoblastic lymphoma usually benefit from cyclophosphamide therapy; the value of irradiation is yet to be established. However, radiotherapy is frequently curative in stage I B-lymphocytic nodular and histiocytic lymphomas. The indications for radiotherapy in children with leukemia and lymphoma are constantly changing. Before each child is treated the multi disciplinary evaluation and treatment team must consider the rationale in relation to the specific child and current knowledge.
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PMID:Radiotherapy in leukemia and lymphoma of children. 26 98

The dihydrofolate reductase activity has been studied cytochemically in various haematological diseases. The variation between normal controls, Hodgkin's disease, myeloma, polycythaemia vera, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and chronic myeloid leukamia was not significant, comparing the same type of cells. In acute myeloid leukaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia the blast cells were weakly positive or negative. This finding is very interesting as the blast cells are capable of division. Probably the dihydrofolate reductase appears in the blast cells in some stage of mitosis. Lymphocytes stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin showed increased enzyme activity compared with normal non-stimulated lymphocytes. The "blast like" cells were more strongly positive than the blast cells of leukaemic patients. The patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia or acute myeloid leukaemia treated with methotrexate showed increased dihydrofolate reductase activity cytochemically.
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PMID:Cytochemical demonstration of dihydrofolate reductase in leukaemia and other haematological diseases. 26 23

Acute myeloid leukaemia occurred in six patients who had been treated for Hodgkin's disease for a number of years. Usually the leukaemia diagnosis was preceded by a striking pancytopenic phase, bone-marrow aspiration being more useful diagnostically than biopsy. Five of these six patients have come under observation in the last eighteen months. This extraordinary frequency of secondary acute myeloid leukaemia once again raises the question of the leukaemogenic effect of intensive radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and also new aspects in the therapeutic management of Hodgkin's disease, especially combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy, as well as long-term maintenance chemotherapy.
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PMID:[Acute myeloid leukaemia in the course of Hodgkin's disease (author's transl)]. 26 67

Lymphoid cells obtained from spleens of patients with lymphomas or leukemias were studied for the presence of heterophile (Paul-Bunnell (P-B)) antigen. A mixed agglutination (MA) test was established utilizing monolayers of cells attached to poly-L-lysine-coated wells of plastic U plates. After incubation of the monolayers with infectious mononeucleosis (IM) sera, indicator cells, sheep, or trypsinized bovine erythrocytes were added. The results were assessed according to sedimentation patterns of the indicator cells on the monolayers. Positive MA reactions were shown to be due to specific binding of P-B antibodies to the corresponding antigens on the spleen cells. Positive results were obtained with 15 of 37 spleens from patients with Hodgkin's disease, 5 of 8 lymphoma spleens, 4 of 15 chronic myelocytic leukemia spleens and 2 of 4 chronic lymphocytic leukemia spleens. Only 2 of 25 spleens from patients with various other diseases and 1 of 26 apparently normal thymus specimens gave positive results. This study confirmed demonstration of P-B antigen in lymphoma and leukemia by means of absorption experiments, which was reported previously.
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PMID:Paul-Bunnell antigen in lymphoma and leukemia spleens. 26 81


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