Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A live varicella vaccine was used in 11 susceptible children in remission from acute leukemia, ten of whom had been in remission for six months or less, and in 6 children with neuroblastoma and retinoblastoma. In the immunological checkup before vaccination, most of them showed a positive reaction in the skin tests with dinitrochlorobenzene, phytohemagglutinin, purified protein derivative, and viral antigens. Leukopenia (three cases, less than 3,000/cu mm) and decreased IgG level (two cases, 380 mg/dl and 445 mg/dl) were observed in the children with leukemia. Anticancer medication was suspended from one week before vaccination to one week after vaccination. The only clinical reaction was a minute rash that appeared three weeks after vaccination in two children with leukemia and that disappeared within three days. Serological responses by complement fixing and neutralizing (NT) tests were detected in all the vaccinated children four weeks after vaccination, and NT antibody was still detected 28 months after vaccination in the two patients tested. Three of the vaccines were exposed to natural varicella at home and in the classroom 2 to 18 months after vaccination, but they were free from any varicella symptoms.
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PMID:Application of a live varicella vaccine in children with acute leukemia or other malignant diseases. 20 15

Four children who had acurate lymphoblastic leukaemia in remission and developed pneumonia were studied. Investigations including electron microscopy and immunofluorescence of lung biopsy material disclosed measles, although there was no clinical evidence of the disease. Despite an identical presentation, two types of illness developed: two children died of giant-cell pneumonia, while the other two developed pneumonia indistinguishable from that associated with methotrexate treatment, recovering when treated with steroids and gammaglobulin. Measles infection is easily overlooked in the absence of rash. The diagnosis may be suggested by clinical and radiological features and confirmed by specific immunofluorescence staining of lung biopsy tissue.
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PMID:Giant-cell pneumonia caused by measles and methotrexate in childhood leukaemia in remission. 27 20

A retrospective analysis of the clinical and haematological characteristics of patients diagnosed as having juvenile chronic granulocytic leukaemia between 1971 and 1986 was carried out. Thirty-three children were identified who were between the ages of 18 weeks and 8.8 years at diagnosis. The disease was more frequent in boys than girls (23:10). The most common presenting symptoms were skin rash (58%) and bleeding manifestations (45%). All patients had some degree of splenomegaly and in 88% this was more than 3 centimetres below the costal margin. Hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy were also frequent findings. Anaemia was common and leucocytosis an invariable finding with a white cell count above 50 x 10(9) 1-1 in 42%. Monocytosis was found in 78%. Haemoglobin F measurements were available in 31 children and above 10% in 22 (67%). No child had the Philadelphia chromosome or monosomy 7. Thirty children were treated with chemotherapy, with a variable degree of symptomatic improvement. Twenty-nine patients had died with a median survival time of 5 months. The commonest cause of death was complications of bone marrow failure and no child developed acute leukaemia. Presenting characteristics associated with a longer survival period were age less than 6 months (P = 0.02), female sex (P = 0.02), HbF less than 10% (P = 0.0004) and the absence of bleeding manifestations (P = 0.03). We conclude that the prognosis for children aged over 6 months, with a raised HbF level is very poor, and that, in the absence of possible bone marrow transplantation, consideration should be given to novel treatment approaches for these patients.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in juvenile chronic granulocytic leukaemia. 138 Feb 83

A 60-year-old man born in Miyazaki prefecture was admitted to our hospital complaining of skin rash in December 1989. On hematological examinations, leukocyte count was 14,200/microliters with 49% of abnormal lymphocytes showing lobulated nuclei. The surface marker study revealed their phenotype as CD4+8-. Anti human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) antibody and monoclonal integration of proviral DNA were positive. From the above results, he was diagnosed as adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). Abnormal lymphocytes gradually decreased without treatment after the first admission. In January, 1990, he began to complain of neck pain. Two months later he was readmitted because of paresis of extremities and disturbance of urination. Vertebral bone mass and a compressed spinal cord in the 4th cervic level were confirmed by MR imaging. He received a resection of tumor and an anterior fusion of vertebrae. The bone tumor was histologically diagnosed as malignant lymphoma, diffuse medium-size cell type and the infiltrating cells had their phenotype as CD4+8+. He was postoperatively treated with combination chemotherapies, but neurological abnormalities did not improve. He died of pneumonia on 35 days after the operation. A postmortem examination revealed extradural tumor formation with ATL cells. This case is considered to be rare in respect of both the disappearance of most peripheral abnormal lymphocytes without any treatments and the cervical bone tumor showing immunophenotypic change.
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PMID:[Adult T-cell leukemia with cervical bone tumor showing immunophenotypic change]. 154 18

We report a rare occurrence of Kawasaki-like disease in an 11-year-old boy with acute monocytic leukaemia (AML). After 1 week of induction therapy with daunorubicin, etoposide, and cytosine arabinoside, the patient sequentially developed persistent fever, lymphadenopathy, conjunctival injection, exanthema, redness of the lips, and desquamation of the hands. Chest roentgenology showed cardiomegaly and an echocardiogram revealed a dilation of the left coronary artery. The patient was treated with high doses of gamma globulin and steroids. All symptoms except the coronary artery dilation improved. The symptoms did not recur on reinstatement of the original antileukaemia drugs.
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PMID:Kawasaki-like disease in early course of acute monocytic leukaemia. 160 Oct 7

Seven cases of congenital Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LH) are reported, with emphasis on clinical and immunohistochemical features. This is a polymorphic disease at birth. In 4/7 cases, the diffuse, generalized rash could be classified as cutaneous Letterer-Siwe disease (LSD); 3/4 remained purely cutaneous and healed in less than 3 months; whereas the fourth-one persisted, pulmonary lesions appeared, and the infant died on his 40th day. In 3/7 cases, the clinical diagnosis at birth was either a Blueberry Muffin Baby (BMB) or Hashimoto-Pritzker type LH (HPLH); the lesions healed rapidly, although one cas was contradictory: typical BMB at birth, histology mimicking a monoblastic cutaneous leukemia, no T.O.R.C.H. syndrome, normal bone marrow, immunophenotyping of LH, auto-involution; 2/3 were MZ twins, both with few lesions. We would like to stress the fact that the clinical spectrum of LH should include BMB, which, however, in most cases must be considered a differential diagnosis. Regarding cutaneous congenital LH, an eponymic classification (LSD, HPLH) is difficult to follow strictly, because overlapping pictures are observed. There is a wide spectrum of cutaneous congenital LH. The main problem at birth is the lack of prognostic criteria. Neither the presence of the rash at birth, nor its type and extension, is necessarily evidence of risk of systemic disease. Cases of HPLH involute, as also do cases of cutaneous LSD, and the "Blueberry Muffin" type of LH; overlapping clinical aspects exist. Histopathological data, electron microscopy or immunohistochemistry, define LH, but they do not enable the outcome to be predicted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Congenital cutaneous Langerhans histiocytosis. Apropos of 7 cases]. 160 6

In an attempt to prolong disease-free survival in children with acute leukemia, we tested the feasibility of interleukin-2 (IL-2) administration after an autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). We report the clinical and biological data obtained in three children with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) in second complete remission (CR) and in seven children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in second or subsequent CR, who received IL-2 at a median interval of 78 days (range 38-125) from ABMT. Patients were treated with 1-2 cycles of IL-2 given by continuous infusion over a 5-day period using a daily escalating protocol, from 100 micrograms/m2 per day to the maximum tolerated dose, followed after 3 weeks by low-dose IL-2 for 5 days monthly over a 6-h infusion on an out-patient basis. Side effects greater than grade 2 (WHO system), consisting of thrombocytopenia, fever, cutaneous rash, nausea and vomiting, diarrhoea were common during the high-dose IL-2 cycles, but resolved 24-48 h after stopping IL-2. Only one patient developed liver toxicity (grade 3, WHO) on day +3 of the first cycle which prompted us to stop the administration of IL-2. An increase in lymphocytes and eosinophils was also observed. IL-2 treatment was followed by a normalization of NK function and by the generation of a high proportion of endogenous LAK cells. All seven ALL patients relapsed at a median of 5 months (range 1-23). Two AML patients relapsed at 1 and 11 months, while the other is still in continuous CR at 23 months after IL-2 treatment. Our IL-2 schedule for treatment of leukemia in children after ABMT is thus feasible but its efficacy requires further investigation.
Leukemia 1992 Aug
PMID:Autologous bone marrow transplantation followed by interleukin-2 in children with advanced leukemia: a pilot study. 164 Jul 29

Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) can be regularly isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of children suffering from exanthema subitum, but only rarely from PBMC of adults. Although the high prevalence of HHV-6 infection in early childhood seems to result from cell-free infectious virus shedded in saliva of healthy adults, latent HHV-6 infection is supposed to occur in lymphocytes. Therefore, we performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with DNA from PBMC of 44 healthy adults, 31 HIV-seropositive individuals and 33 patients with leukaemia or lymphoproliferative disorders. As positive control served PBMC from 11 children with exanthema subitum and as negative control PBMC from 20 newborns. Whereas HHV-6-specific sequences were detected in PBMC from all children with exanthema subitum and never in PBMC from newborns, they were found in PBMC of 9% of healthy adults and HIV-seropositive individuals and in 16% of the patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. Apparently detection of HHV-6 DNA in PBMC was neither limited by low sensitivity of the HHV-6 PCR assay, which detected less than ten copies of cloned HHV-6 DNA, nor by a low rate of latently infected individuals, but was limited by the number of lymphocytes subjected to PCR. It is supposed that the presence of latent HHV-6 DNA in lymphocytes is common, but that infected lymphocytes are rare (less than or equal to 1 infected cell in 10(5) lymphocytes).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Latent human herpesvirus-6 DNA is sparsely distributed in peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy adults and patients with lymphocytic disorders. 165 78

Adult onset Still's disease seems to be the adult form of Still's disease in children. The key symptoms of the disease are high spiking fever, arthritis and a macular or maculopapular, salmon-pink evanescent rash, almost always accompanied by neutrophilic leukocytosis and frequently by sore throat, intense myalgias, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and signs of serositis. Tests for IgM rheumatoid factor and antinuclear antibody are characteristically negative. With respect to haematologic abnormalities, the disease may give rise to several problems. First, there is a neutrophilic leukocytosis, which currently is unexplained, and often a normocytic normochromic anaemia, that may be profound. The anaemia has the characteristics of anaemia of chronic inflammatory disease. Both abnormalities disappear after effective treatment of the disease or at spontaneous remission. Secondly, there might be a problem to differentiate AOSD from malignant haematological disorders, including malignant lymphoma and leukaemia, especially when the picture is dominated by lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, fever and leukocytosis. Although in rare cases the differential diagnosis is extremely difficult, diagnosis can mostly be made or excluded by peripheral blood smear staining, bone marrow biopsies and occasionally lymph node biopsy. Finally, like the juvenile counterpart, AOSD is occasionally complicated by sometimes life-threatening diffuse intravascular coagulation. Factors that might be important in the development of this complication include severe disease activity, liver abnormalities and particular drugs including salicylates, other NSAIDs and some slow-acting antirheumatic drugs. Prompt therapy, including withdrawal of the drug, corticosteroids and sometimes anticoagulant therapy have been successfully applied to most patients.
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PMID:Adult-onset Still's disease. 175 84

We describe a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia who demonstrated leukemic cell infiltration to scratched wounds and scars from trauma. A 65-year-old Japanese woman developed low grade fever, headache and exanthema. Hematology testing disclosed leukocytosis of 95,600/mm3 with 65% monocytes and 9% blast cells. Infiltrated erythema and nodules were disseminated over most of her body. Moreover, linear scratched wounds and traumatic scars were indurated. Skin biopsy showed dense atypical mononuclear cell infiltration with monocytic characteristics. We discuss the possible reasons for the infiltration of leukemia cells into the wounds and scars from trauma.
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PMID:Leukemia cutis in acute myelomonocytic leukemia: infiltration to minor traumas and scars. 193 54


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