Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A newborn with Down syndrome (karyotype 47 xy + 21) was observed in whom a transient myeloproliferative reaction occurred, perhaps connected with perinatal infection. The reaction regressed spontaneously. However, the possibility of complete remission cannot be excluded since the proliferative changes may be a preliminary stage of leukaemia.
 ...
PMID:[Transient myeloproliferative syndrome or congenital leukemia in a newborn infant with Down syndrome?]. 253 37

The biological basis for acute leukemia associated with mediastinal germ cell tumors has remained unexplained due to lack of critical data that would illuminate the genetic relationship between the two tumors in a given patient. Here we present results of serial cytogenetic investigations on the pretreatment and posttreatment mediastinal yolk sac tumor and immature teratoma biopsies and two separate leukemic bone marrow aspirates from a patient who developed acute nonlymphocytic leukemia 11 months after the initial diagnosis of the germ cell tumor. Presence of an i(12p) in all tumor clones and trisomy 21 in one clone in the posttreatment mediastinal tumor and all leukemic clones establishes the common origin of all tumor clones and shows that in this case the leukemia was derived from the malignant germ cell clone.
 ...
PMID:Leukemic differentiation of a mediastinal germ cell tumor. 256 15

We have reviewed the management of pregnant women presenting with acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) at the London Hospital since 1972. Six women in the second or third trimester were diagnosed with AML over this period. One woman had termination of pregnancy at presentation in the second trimester. Three of the remaining five patients achieved complete remission following chemotherapy during pregnancy. Delivery was achieved by the vaginal route in three and by caesarean section in one patient. All were livebirths but one infant had Down's syndrome. Median maternal survival was 16 months (range 0-44 months). Long-term survival was achieved for both mother and infant in only one case. Longer maternal survival was seen in patients treated in the period 1980-1985. Increased survival appears to be related to the introduction of more aggressive chemotherapy schedules and improved supportive care.
 ...
PMID:Combination chemotherapy with conservative obstetric management in the treatment of pregnant patients with acute myeloblastic leukaemia. 259 Nov 48

Four monoclonal antibodies against human erythrocyte membrane antigens were established. The antigenic determinants of KOR-E1, E3, E6 were Pr1h antigen, Wrb antigen, and the trypsin sensitive portion of glycophorin A (EnaTS) respectively. The antigen recognized by KOR-E4 could not be determined. The reactivities of these antibodies with normal hematopoietic cells, malignant hematopoietic cell lines (N = 31), and fresh leukemic cells obtained from 128 patients with various types of leukemias were studied. All antibodies reacted only with erythrocytes among peripheral blood cells, and also KOR-E6 reacted only with erythroid cells among bone marrow cells. KOR-E3 had no reactivity with any cell lines examined, and KOR-E1 and KOR-E4 were reactive with some lymphoid cell lines. However, KOR-E6 had specific reactivities with erythroid (HEL, K562), megakaryocytic (CMK-1), multiphenotypic (KOPM-28), and basophilic (KU-812) cell lines. The antigen (glycophorin A) recognized by KOR-E6 was expressed on a small population of mononuclear cells separated from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (3/70), acute myelogenous leukemia (2/12), monosomy 7-myeloproliferative disorder (1/1), juvenile CML (1/1), and transient myeloproliferative disorder with Down's syndrome (4/12), although it could not be determined whether these cells were leukemic cells or not. KOR-E6 was reactive with a large population of leukemic blasts in erythroleukemia (2/2) and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (3/6). Thus, KOR-E6 appears to be an erythroid marker of leukemic cells.
 ...
PMID:[Monoclonal antibodies against human erythrocyte membrane antigens and their reactivities with hematopoietic cells]. 261 36

Recently, a human megakaryoblastic cell line, CMK, was established from the peripheral blood of a megakaryoblastic leukemia patient with Down syndrome. Using this cell line, we studied the proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytic cells in the presence of highly purified human hematopoietic factors and phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). In a methylcellulose culture system, interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) facilitated colony formation by CMK cells in a dose-dependent manner. The maximum stimulating doses of these factors were 10 and 200 U/mL, respectively. These concentrations were comparable to those that stimulate activity in normal hematopoietic cells. In contrast, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), and erythropoietin (EPO) had no effects on the colony formation of CMK cells. In a liquid culture system, 20% of the CMK cells expressed glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) antigen without hematopoietic factors, whereas 40% of the cells expressed GPIIb/IIIa with the addition of IL-3 and GM-CSF. EPO also slightly enhanced expression of GPIIb/IIIa. On the other hand, PMA inhibited growth of CMK cells and induced most of them to express the GPIIb/IIIa antigen. Furthermore, PMA induced CMK cells to produce growth activity toward new inocula of CMK cells. This growth factor (GF) contained colony-stimulating activity (CSA) in normal bone marrow (BM) cells. The activity was believed to be attributable mainly to GM-CSF, since 64% of this activity was neutralized by anti-GM-CSF antibodies and a transcript of GM-CSF was detected in mRNA from PMA-treated CMK cells by Northern blot analysis. These observations suggest that GM-CSF, as well as IL-3, should play an important role in megakaryocytopoiesis.
 ...
PMID:Growth and differentiation of a human megakaryoblastic cell line, CMK. 266 39

We describe a case of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) in a patient with a constitutional chromosome anomaly, inv(4)(p16q26). The patient had extensive occupational exposure to toxic chemicals. Reports of constitutional or acquired chromosome inversions in human malignancies are quite uncommon. The constitutional changes associated with hematologic malignancies include trisomy 21, balanced translocations, deletions, and sex chromosome anomalies. The breakpoints on chromosome 4 in our case are 4p16, to which the murine leukemia viral (v-raf) oncogene, pseudogene 1, has been mapped, and 4q26, which is the locus of the IL-2 gene. Activation of these genes could have played a role in the pathogenesis of the patient's leukemia.
 ...
PMID:Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in a patient with a constitutional inv(4). 273 Nov 38

The diagnosis of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) (M7, French-American-British [FAB] classification) has rarely been made in children due, in part, to its pleomorphic morphology and ability to mimic other malignancies common in the pediatric age group. Three infants are described who had thrombocytopenia and the classical criteria of metastatic solid tumor in the bone marrow: patchy infiltration by cohesive clusters of cells with high nuclear cytoplasmic ratio and myelofibrosis in the bone marrow biopsy infiltrated area. This finding prompted clinical evaluation for solid tumor. The megakaryocytic lineage was ascertained by immunocytochemical studies and/or electron microscopic examinations of the bone marrow aspirates. The blasts in all three patients showed cytogenetic abnormalities that also were demonstrated by quantitative DNA analysis. None of the infants had Down's syndrome. Two of the patients are alive; one is off of therapy and the other is in remission. The third patient was transferred to another institution and lost to follow-up. Two children had wheezing that disappeared in remission. It is proposed that the clinical symptoms may be due to a substance produced, stored, or released by the leukemic cells.
 ...
PMID:Three infants with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia simulating metastatic tumor. 276 29

Several authors have reported an association between neuroblastoma and congenital heart disease; others contend that, unlike specific well-known associations between malignancy and congenital defects (Wilm's tumor and aniridia, leukemia and Down's syndrome), no real relationship exists. We present three cases of cyanotic congenital heart disease in which subclinical neuroblastoma was found. We speculate that abnormal neural crest cell migration and development may be a common link between cardiac malformations and congenital neuroblastoma.
 ...
PMID:The association of congenital neuroblastoma and congenital heart disease. Is there a common embryologic basis? 292 25

Alzheimer's disease is one of several brain disorders under the broad category of dementia. It is a gradually debilitating illness with no known cure. The first symptom is usually a slowly increasing memory loss, beginning between 40 and 65 years of age. As the disease progresses, the brain begins to deteriorate more rapidly, until it literally stops functioning. Of great concern is the projection that the number of people who will have Alzheimer's disease will double by the year 2030 because of the rising elderly population. Treating this population will escalate from the current estimate in excess of $2.5 billion to more than $6 billion. Speculation toward the increasing costs in money and workforce has led to an accelerated program in search of a cure or at least a symptomatic therapy for this condition. One of the most promising research leads is the striking connection between Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome and certain cancers: --Virtually 100% of patients with Down's syndrome who survive past age 35 show the same mental deterioration and identical brain changes seen in patients with Alzheimer's disease, including the presence of plaque and neurofibrillary tangles.--The presence of a high percentage of Down's syndrome among relatives of patients with Alzheimer's disease. --A high incidence of certain types of syndrome and among relatives of people who have Alzheimer's disease, such as leukemia, lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease, and immune system disorders. The key to the intercorrections between Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome seems to be a genetic component related to chromosome 21.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Alzheimer's disease: an emerging affliction of the aging population. 293 67

Acute monoblastic leukemia was diagnosed in a 32-month-old boy with mild signs of Down's syndrome. Chromosome analysis of cultured skin fibroblasts and peripheral blood lymphocytes disclosed a constitutional mosaicism (46,XY/47,XY,+21). At initial diagnosis of acute leukemia, additional chromosomal changes were found in bone marrow blasts that were consistent with the M5 subtype. The cytogenetic markers of the acute leukemia were restricted to the trisomic subset and disappeared during remission. These findings add further weight to the suggestion that the propensity of Down's syndrome patients to develop leukemia is directly related to their karyotype abnormality and that leukemia might be clonal in origin.
 ...
PMID:Leukemia in a trisomy 21 mosaic: specific involvement of the trisomic cells. 293 44


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>