Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 18-year-old woman with acute monoblastic leukemia presenting with cardiac tamponade is reported. Subxiphoid pericardiotomy was performed, and blast cells were observed in the pericardial fluid. The leukemia was refractory to chemotherapy and the patient died at three months from diagnosis, without recurrence of the pericardial effusion. In the review of the literature, only ten cases of cardiac tamponade as the first manifestation of acute leukemia have been found.
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PMID:Cardiac tamponade as the initial manifestation of acute leukemia: report of a case and review of the literature. 182 Sep 88

A 28-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of cardiac tamponade and pleural effusion. Although his peripheral blood picture was normal, his pericardial fluid contained a lot of myeloblasts with Auer bodies and a diagnosis of acute myeloblastic leukemia (M2) was made from the finding of bone marrow smears. The pericarditis was successfully treated with instillation of mitoxantrone into the pericardial space after drainage. He responded well to the systemic chemotherapy and achieved a complete remission. Although 27 cases of leukemia complicated with cardiac tamponade have so far reported, only three cases gave normal findings of the peripheral blood on admission. Leukemic pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade in very rare as an initial manifestation of AML. The efficacy and safety of pericardial infusion of mitoxantrone were demonstrated in this patient.
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PMID:[Cardiac tamponade as an initial manifestation of acute myeloblastic leukemia]. 232 85

Pericardial exudate and/or spread of the tumour to the pericardium occurs frequently in leukaemia and malignant lymphomata. Metastases to the pericardium may be demonstrated at autopsy in 50% and 20-25%, respectively. In the majority of cases no symptoms from the heart occur. In cases with significant pericardial effusion or constrictive pericarditis, urgent treatment is indicated. Pericardiocentesis is carried out in cases of cardiac tamponade. Irradiation has frequently a rapid and dramatic effect in cases of massive tumour infiltration in the pericardium. Long-term treatment depends on the malignant haematological disease concerned. Meticulous diagnostic investigation is therefore indicated in every case with cardiac symptoms. This has frequently therapeutic consequences, reduces the morbidity and prolongs survival. Two cases of acute pericardial effusion with haemodynamic consequences are reviewed in this article. The haematological diagnoses were acute myeloid leukaemia and malignant lymphoma (diffuse large-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), respectively.
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PMID:[Pericardial involvement in leukemia and malignant lymphoma]. 240 59

Although leukaemic infiltration of the pericardium is frequently observed at post-mortem, clinically evident cardiac tamponade is rare. Two cases of cardiac tamponade complicating leukaemia are presented. One patient had cardiac tamponade as the initial presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and experienced complete resolution of the pericardial effusion within 6 days after chemotherapy without therapeutic pericardiocentesis. The other patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia developed cardiac tamponade requiring pericardiocentesis as the first sign of acute blastic transformation. The roles of early chemotherapy and pericardiocentesis in managing this complication are discussed.
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PMID:Cardiac tamponade complicating leukaemia: immediate chemotherapy or pericardiocentesis? 261 8

Cardiac tamponade resulting from malignant pericardial effusion is an uncommon initial presentation of various extracardiac malignancies. Only twenty-nine cases of extracellular malignancies with this initial presentation have been previously published. Lung carcinoma leads as the most common malignancy involved, followed by carcinoma of the stomach, pancreas, kidney and ovary, mediastinal rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant lymphoma and leukemia. This report describes a case of breast carcinoma in a 47-year-old woman who initially presented with cardiac tamponade. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no similar case has even been reported in the literature.
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PMID:Cardiac tamponade due to malignant pericardial effusion in breast cancer: a case report. 628 Aug 49

A case of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia presenting as pericarditis is reported in a five-year-old boy. Initially, a clinical diagnosis of viral pericarditis was made, because the child did not demonstrate hematologic or clinical manifestations of leukemia. Acute undifferentiated or lymphocytic leukemia. Acute undifferentiated or lymphocytic leukemia was diagnosed one week after admission when his peripheral blood count became abnormal. The patient did not respond to vincristine and prednisone. When cytochemical evaluation indicated acute myelomonocytic leukemia, employment of cytosine arabinoside and 6-thioguanine was instituted and the child began to improve. Currently, he is still in good remission and has no evidence of recurrence of pericarditis, 1 1/2 years after his initial presentation. In reviewing the literature, we found 17 patients who had leukemic pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade. There are three reported cases of young children with pericardial effusion as the initial manifestation of acute lymphocytic leukemia, but no reported cases due to nonlymphocytic leukemia, as in this child.
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PMID:Pericarditis as presenting manifestation of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in a young child. 657 3

There has been a proliferation of infectious complications due to Aspergillus in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer and transplantation; however, aspergillus pericarditis has been rarely described. Reported here are the clinical and pathologic findings of Aspergillus pericarditis in six immunocomprised patients who came to autopsy in the past 11 years. Five had leukemia, one had received a renal transplant. All had pulmonary aspergillosis. Two had clinically overt pericarditis leading to cardiac tamponade and death. Pulmonary aspergillosis preceded development of pericardial signs. Chest radiographs, serial electrocardiograms, and echocardiograms showed abnormality but were nonspecific. Pericardiocentesis was performed in one patient but proved nondiagnostic and yielded only transient hemodynamic improvement; postmortem Gram stain of the spun sediment of that pericardial fluid revealed branched hyphae. Although five patients received Amphotericin B, whether it entered the pericardial space is uncertain. Postmortem examination revealed extensive pericardial involvement by Aspergillus associated with effusions as large as 1000 ml Aspergillus penetrated the pericardium by rupture of myocardial abscesses and invasion from contiguous pulmonary foci into the pericardial space. A clinical diagnosis of Aspergillus pericarditis was never established, and at least two died of their pericardial disease. Aspergillus pericarditis is a lethal cardiac infection, which is likely to increase in frequency, and should be considered in the hemodynamically unstable immunocompromised patient, especially when signs of pericarditis or pulmonary aspergillosis are present.
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PMID:Aspergillus pericarditis: clinical and pathologic features in the immunocompromised patient. 679 18

We report here a CD7 positive undifferenciated leukemia/lymphoma which showed a rapid clinical course. A 27-year-old female was complained of palpitation and edema. She had a mediastinal tumor and pericardial effusion. Lymphoblastic cells were found in the effusion, but in the peripheral blood initially. After admission the blast cells appeared in the peripheral blood, and they were revealed negative for peroxidase and had phenotype of CD7 and CD33 positive. The patient suffered from cardiac tamponade and died 15 days after admission. The Southern blotting of mediastinal tumor cells disclosed the germline configuration for TCR-beta a chain and the rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes.
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PMID:[CD7 positive undifferenciated leukemia/lymphoma associated with leukemic pericarditis]. 752 May 12

A previously healthy young child presented with a large pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade. The chest radiography was key to the recognition of the pericardial effusion. Cytologic examination of the pericardial fluid ultimately established the diagnosis of acute monoblastic leukemia in the absence of associated clinical or laboratory findings. The pericardial fluid was vital for leukemic cell classification because the bone marrow has hypocellular and non-diagnostic. This presentation of acute monoblastic leukemia is very rare, and in the three previously reported pediatric cases has been associated either with peripheral blasts or a history of preleukemia. When the cardiac configuration suggests pericardial effusion in a previously healthy young child, the diagnosis of new onset leukemia should be considered.
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PMID:Acute monoblastic leukemia presenting with pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade. 788 82

7 patients, 4F/3M aged 20-63 years (x = 39.5 yrs) with high grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma (4 pts), Hodgkin's disease (1), acute leukaemia (1) and blastic crisis of CML (1), complicated by massive pericardial effusion with impending cardiac tamponade were presented. Symptoms of neoplastic pericardium infiltration have appeared at the diagnosis of underlying disease in 2 pts, in the remaining 5.5-24.5 months (mean = 12.5 months) since the diagnosis and onset of cytostatic treatment was established. In 6 pts pericadiocentesis or pericardium drainage have been applied, resulting in evacuation of 100-1450 ml (mean = 680 ml) of fluid. In 3 pts pericardial effusion was bloody and in two some neoplastic cells were found. In 4 pts intrapericardially 5-20 mg mitoxantrone, 5-20 mg, was administered 7 times. The survival time since the diagnosis of a massive pericardial effusion ranged 0.5-10 months. One person remains alive 7 months after diagnosis of cardiac effusion and 19 months from the diagnosis of n-HL. The authors conclude that pericardiac involvement in the course of haematologic malignancies is a very unfavorable event.
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PMID:[Massive pericardial effusion during the course of hematological diseases]. 949 5


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