Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023380 (lethargy)
 5,697 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A very severely retarded infant with a Dandy-Walker malformation was treated with valproate since the age of 6 months on account of infantile spasms. Three weeks after start of therapy dexamethasone was applied additionally because valproate was ineffective. Seventy-six days after initiation of valproate therapy the infant died with the clinical signs of fulminant valproate-associated hepatotoxicity despite the discontinuation of valproate. In combination with a febrile otitis media the child had been periodically restless and lethargic during the last week prior to liver coma. Activity of liver enzymes remained within normal limits up to two days before coma occurred. Analysis of valproate metabolites by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry yielded unusually high concentrations of the di-unsaturated metabolite E,E-2,3'-dien-valproate before and during liver failure. The concentrations of the main metabolites E-2-en-valproate und 3-keto-valproate remained within the usual range found during valproate therapy at steady state. The oxydation products 4-en-valproate and E-2,4-dien-valproate which are formed by alternative pathways and are considered to be hepatotoxic were detected in very low concentrations only. The application of carnitine, of antioxidants thought to improve the capacity of the free radical scavenger system (selen, vitamin E), and of N-acetylcysteine which can detoxify reactive drug metabolites could not prevent the fatal outcome.
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PMID:[Irreversible valproate-associated liver failure]. 149 8

A questionnaire was administered in class to a sample of physical education students at a Malaysian University in order to determine their beliefs and use patterns regarding vitamin supplementation. About a quarter of the subjects (24.6%) had practised vitamin supplementation for the past two years prior to the study, 14.9% of them being females as opposed to only 9.7% males. The most frequently used vitamin supplements, in rank order, were multivitamins (used by 57.6%), vitamin C (24.2%), the B-Complex vitamins (9.1%), and vitamin E (6.1%). Among vitamin supplementeers, the most frequently cited reasons for using vitamin supplements, in rank order, were 'to supplement the daily diet' (33.3%), 'to prevent colds' (27.3%), and 'to prevent fatigue or lethargy' (21.2%). Among non-supplementeers, the three reasons most frequently mentioned for not using vitamin supplements were 'vitamin needs are adequately supplied by daily meals' (50.5%), 'I am healthy enough and therefore I do not need extra vitamins' (27.2%), and 'fear of insidious side effects' (9.9%). In general, both supplementeers and non-supplementeers tended to believe in the purported health benefits of vitamin supplementation. However, on the whole, supplementeers were willing to change their supplementation habits.
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PMID:Vitamin use and beliefs among students at a Malaysian university. 212 80

Ten female beef calves weighing approximately 180 kg each were allotted to 2 groups of 5 each before they were given (orally) monensin (50 mg/kg of body weight). In group A, the calves were given (IM) a commercial selenium-vitamin E (Se-E) preparation (0.25 mg of Se and 17 IU of alpha-tocopherol/kg of body weight) at 72 and 24 hours before monensin was given. The calves in group B were injected at the 2 times with isotonic saline solution. Clinical signs of monensin toxicosis, including lethargy and recumbency, appeared on day 2 in the calves given the Se-E pretreatment, compared with the onset on day 1 in the saline solution-pretreated calves. All calves in the 2 groups died, but mean survival time was longer in group A (4.4 vs 2.2 days). Lesions of monensin toxicosis were myocardial necrosis, skeletal myonecrosis, pulmonary congestion, and rumenitis. The frequency and severity of the lesions were similar for both groups of calves. The results of the present study indicate that Se-E pretreatment modifies the development of monensin toxicosis in cattle.
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PMID:Effect of pretreatment with selenium-vitamin E on monensin toxicosis in cattle. 407 30

An adult male binturong, Arctictis binturong, which had been anorexic and lethargic for seven days became acutely dyspnoeic and died under anaesthesia. A postmortem examination revealed left ventricular hypertrophy with a thrombus occluding the left ventricular chamber. Histological findings included moderate to severe multifocal, vasculocentric myocardial degeneration and necrosis with fibrosis replacing myocardiocytes. Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis were grown on cultures. The animal's serum vitamin E and selenium levels were considered adequate. The aetiology of the chronic myocardial changes could not be determined.
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PMID:Myocardial necrosis in a captive binturong (Arctictis binturong). 1516 Aug 46

A 9-day old Grant's zebra with a 3-day history of lethargy, weight loss, inappetance, and diarrhea was treated with ampicillin, vitamin E and selenium, and tetanus antitoxin without effect in 24 h. On transfer to the local veterinary clinic, a grade IV/VI continuous heart murmur was detected and a patent ductus arteriosus found at necropsy.
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PMID:Patent ductus arteriosus in a 9-day-old Grant's zebra. 1615 24

More than 70 egrets and herons were found sick or dead at an agricultural water reservoir in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan between September and October 2008. The birds showed weakness, lethargy, and inability to fly before death. Postmortem findings included large amounts of firm subcutaneous and cavitary fat comprised of necrotic adipose tissues with infiltrates of heterophils and macrophages. The birds were diagnosed with steatitis on the basis of the gross lesions and histopathology. Egrets with steatitis had low blood levels of vitamin E. High counts of cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa) were found in the reservoir concurrent with the outbreak of steatitis. No microcystin was detected in the reservoir water or the livers from the egrets. This is the first report of steatitis in wild birds in Japan.
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PMID:Steatitis in egrets and herons from Japan. 2126 96