Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023380 (lethargy)
 5,697 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five litter-mate male pigs, aged 7 days and fed a standard Pig Industry Board diet containing 190 g/kg dry mass of digestible protein, were compared with 10 male pigs from two litters fed a protein-deficient diet (50 g/kg) for a period of 70 days. The 10 experimental animals developed oedema between the 42nd and 70th days of the study and 4 of them became lethargic. Although the 10 experimental animals showed the typical biochemical changes characteristic of protein energy malnutrition (PEM), including changes in muscle electrolytes, liver fat and plasma albumin, the 4 lethargic animals showed a significant increase in effective plasma renin activity (EPRA) only by the 70th day of the study. Since oedema preceded any increase in EPRA in some pigs and developed in others without any change in EPRA, it is suggested that the increased renin activity is not responsible for the initial fluid retention and oedema.
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PMID:The effect of protein energy malnutrition on plasma renin and oedema in the pig. 40 33

The severity of Platynosomum concinnum infection in cats experimentally infected with 125 flukes (small dose) and 1,000 flukes (large dose) was determined by monitoring clinical signs and hematologic, serum biochemical, and pathologic changes during the infection. All cats (8/8) with a small fluke burden and 3 of 8 cats with a large burden remained clinically asymptomatic, whereas 60% of the cats given large doses had mild signs of inappetence and lethargy. Eosinophilia, peaking 4 to 5 months after infection, was present in all parasitized cats. During the early stages of platynosomiasis, a transient but substantial increase in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities was observed in cats given small and large doses. These observations agreed with gross and histopathologic observations, which included enlargement of the gallbladder and biliary ducts, with leukocyte infiltration, adenomatous hyperplasia, and fibrosis of the ductal areas.
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PMID:Experimental infection of cats with the liver fluke Platynosomum concinnum,. 40 94

To determine whether a model could be established for laboratory investigations, nine squirrel monkeys were inoculated intratracheally with 10(7) median egg-infectious doses of influenza virus type A/New Jersey/8/76 (HSW1N1) (swine influenza virus). They responded with clinically detectable illness including fever, leukopenia, decreased food consumption, increased respiratory rate, occasional coughing, labored breathing, nasal discharge, and lethargy. Convalescence was well advanced by the day 10. All monkeys excreted virus for 7 to 8 days. A scoring procedure (illness score) has been developed for use in studies of vaccine and chemotherapeutic efficacy.
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PMID:Reaction of squirrel monkeys to intratracheal inoculation with influenza/A/New Jersey/76 (swine) virus. 40 21

Hyperviscosity syndrome was associated with increased plasma content of monoclonal immunoglobulin (IgA or IgM) in 3 dogs with lymphocytic leukemia. The diagnosis of lymphocytic leukemia was based on the finding of a large number of mature lymphocytes in the blood and bone marrow. The clinical signs included weakness, lethargy, depression, and coughing due to congestive heart failure. Consistent physical findings were splenomegaly, with or without peripheral lymphadenopathy, and funduscopic abnormalities. Of the 2 dogs treated successfully with chlorambucil, 1 remains in remission after withdrawal of the drug for over 1 year.
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PMID:Hyperviscosity syndrome associated with lymphocytic leukemia in three dogs. 40 53

In a series of recent studies on 'lethargic' mice, a neurological mutation of the mouse, significant abnormalities were discovered in the thymus and its dependent regions in the lymph nodes and spleen. The present study was made as an approach toward finding the possible causes for these abnormalities. Serum IgG1 levels were stldied in 'lethargic' mutants at the age when severe deficiency of the thymus-dependent lymphoid system is known to occur in the animal. Using the radial immunodiffusion method, it was found that serum IgG1 levels are always significantly higher in 'lethargic' mice than in their normal littermates. Possible causes of the higher IgG1 in the serum of 'lethargic' mice are discussed. The authors note the similarities of other mouse mutations to that of the 'lethargic' mouse and propose the possibility that a common mechanism may account for immunologic deficiencies in several types of mutant mice.
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PMID:A study of the increased serum level of IgG1 in 'lethargic' mice combined with a depressed thymus-dependent lymphoid system. 41 Aug 95

Ten patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were placed on a constant 30 mEq of calcium and 120 meq of sodium diet, and alterations in their calcium balance in response to standard oral doses of chlorpropamide were studied over a 4 day control period and a 4 day treatment period. The 10 patients treated with chlorpropamide significantly increased the urinary excretion of calcium and sodium and decreased the excretion of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP). The serum calcium was lowered in six of the patients treated with chlorpropamide, and three of these patients, who had diabetes mellitus and either refused or were too ill for parathyroidectomy, continued to receive chlorpropamide for periods of 9 to 36 months. These three patients experienced prolonged lowering of the serum calcium level and became less confused, lethargic, and fatigued. The interrelationships between the chlorpropamide-induced changes in excretion of calcium, sodium, and cyclic AMP still must be clarified.
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PMID:Chlorpropamide-induced changes in patients with hyperparathyroidism. 41 59

Tissue adenine nucleotides were measured in rats to determine if there is depletion of energy stores associated with sepsis. Peritonitis was produced by cecal ligation and cecal puncture. At 16 to 24 hours after ligation, rats which were lethargic but still normotensive (late sepsis) and showed clinical and laboratory confirmation of peritonitis-sepsis were stunned by a blow on the head, and small pieces of tissue were removed and frozen. Adenine nucleotides were measured enzymatically. In late sepsis adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels in liver and kidney decreased significantly; however, no significant decreases were observed in the diaphragm or gastrocnemius muscle. Hydrogen polarograph measurements of hepatic blood flow indicated that flow was decreased markedly at this stage of peritonitis. A second group of rats was prepared in the same manner, except they were studied 10 hours after ligation (early sepsis). Most rats at this stage of sepsis appeared to be only mildly ill; however, blood cultures obtained from six rats so prepared all were positive. These rats did not show any decrease in either hepatic blood flow or tissue adenine nucleotides. Thus the changes in adenine nucleotides observed in late sepsis (lpw-flow septic rats) are similar to those seen during early hemorrhagic shock and suggest inadequate perfusion associated with peritonitis as the cause.
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PMID:Effect of sepsis on tissue adenine nucleotide levels. 41 61

Four hundred and nine cases of acute brain syndrome, encountered in psychiatric consultations among 54,942 general hospital patients over a 5 year period, fell into 4 groups according to symptom picture: lethargic, bewildered, agitated and psychotic. Treatment included reality orientation, protection and pharamacologic measures.
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PMID:Acute brain syndromes. 42 20

The pathogenesis of the rare hypernatremia, usually described in the literature as "neurogenic" or "essential" hypernatremia, consists of defective thirst mechanism either alone or in combination with impaired osmoregulation of ADH release. As etiology, disturbances of the neoplastic, vascular and degenerative type and malformations in the hypothalamic area are known. In patients with the hypodipsia-hypernatremia syndrome, dysfunction of the anterior pituitary lobe, obesity, abnormal regulation of body temperature, psychomotor retardation and episodic muscular weakness are frequently encountered as additional abnormalities. A 6-year-old patient is described with hypodipsia-hypernatremia syndrome manifest for 3 years. Besides hypernatremia, hypodipsia and the relative insensitivity of the osmoreceptors regulating ADH release, elevated body temperature, polyphagia and obesity, partial hypothalamic-hypophyseal dysfunction, lethargy and psychomotor retardation are the principal findings. An inflammatory lesion or one occupying an intracranial space was not demonstrable until now. Under forced water intake and hypocaloric diet the patient has progressed well with nearly complete normalization of the hypernatremia, body temperature and obesity.
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PMID:Hypodipsia-hypernatremia syndrome. 42 94

Studies of depression associated with oral contraceptive use present conflicting results. Individual susceptibility may affect psychiatric symptoms more than biochemical composition of the pill. In the authors' study 40 women without previous histories of depression were assigned to 4 regimens: 1) mestranol 80 mcg, norethisterone 1.0 mg; 2) pill 1 and pyridoxine; 3) mestranol 5 mcg, norethisterone 1.0 mg; and 4) pill 3 and pyridoxine. Alcohol and other chemicals were avoided. The 40 subjects completed self-reporting ratings on depression and a libido rating. 24 hour urine samples were collected on day 14 and 21 of the menstrual cycle. A brief psychiatric interview was conducted monthly. Adrenaline, noradrenaline, and 5 HIAA were measured throughout the year long study. 10 women completed 3 cycles. 20 of 10 complained of lethargy, loss of libido, irritability, and moodiness. The study concludes that biochemical and pharmacological effects affect a minority of women. A psychologic and negative placebogenic effect is possible. Depending on the composition of the contraceptive, a differential effect may occur. Sequential pills caused less depression than combination types.
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PMID:Oral contraceptives and depression. 44 Dec 35


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