Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023380 (lethargy)
 5,697 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prophylactic irradiation of the skull and intrathecal application of methotrexate has proven to be highly effective in preventing central nervous system disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin-lymphoma. Prophylactic treatment may be complicated by a somnolence syndrome occuring 4--8 weaks after the end of irradiation. The main features of this clinical entity are somnolence, lethargy, dullness, anorexia, headache, and vomiting. EEG frequently displays a distinct slowing of activity. All symptoms are reversible after 3--49 days. The syndrome clearly is consequence of skull irradiation. Its metabolic basis probably is transient disturbance of myelinization.
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PMID:[Non-leukemic disease of the central nervous system in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. I. Somnolence syndrome (author's transl)]. 36 88

A 40-year-old hypertensive black female, who suddenly developed aphasia, lethargy, and a right hemiparesis, and a 42-year-old non-hypertensive black male, who suddenly developed intractable headache, drowsiness, and vomiting, were found by angiography to have moyamoya disease. This condition is characterized by a decreased caliber of the internal carotid arteries and bilateral occlusion of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries with visualization of an extensive collateral network of tortuous blood vessels of the rete mirabile type at the base of the brain.
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PMID:Moyamoya disease in black adults. 44 57

A phase II evaluation of anguidine was carried out in 30 patients with advanced refractory breast cancer. A dose of 5.0 mg/m2 daily for 5 days was explored. The main toxic effects were nausea and vomiting, fever and chills, hypotension, skin erythema, somnolence, confusion, and lethargy. Myelosuppression was minimal. Among these extensively pretreated patients, there was one partial responder and one additional patient who showed improvement (less than a partial response); both responses occurred in soft tissue sites.
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PMID:Phase II study of anguidine in advanced breast cancer. 45 16

A 41-year-old man is described in whom after a febrile disease with disturbances of sleep rhytm and exessive somnolence, extrapyramidal signs appeared increasing progressively in intensity, with a hypertonic-hypokinetic syndrome with evidence of right-sided spastic hemiparesis and hypaesthesia. After treatment with Viregyt and low doses of L-Dopa a striking improvement was obtained. Parkinsonism following lethargic encephalitis was diagnosed.
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PMID:[Parkinsonism following lethargic encephalitis]. 59 10

Dantrium and Valium were compared in 22 children manifesting various degrees of spasticity. Treatment brought definite improvement in spasticity and in activities of daily living in 20 of the 22 patients. The two-part double-blind study showed that Dantrium was most effective in nine and Valium in seven cases. In four cases the drugs appeared to be equally beneficial. The combination of Dantrium and Valium appeared to be more effective in eight patients than either medication along, the greatest effect being seen in the upper extremities and about the hip joints. Patients on placebo showed no significant change. Side effects of lethargy and drowsiness on the combination were not bothersome after a short period of acclimation. The results indicate that the spasticity of cerebral palsy can be relieved significantly, and that the combination of peripherally and centrally acting agents is more beneficial than either medication alone.
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PMID:Medical treatment for spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. 79 60

Clinical experience seems to indicate two separate types of entry to coma. Some patients follow a pathway characterized by confusion, hallucinations, mumbling delirium, myoclonic jerks, and seizures. The author has called this sequence of symptoms the high road to coma and hypothesized that its basic underlying pathophysiology involves increased neuronal firing rates. Other patients develop somnolence, lethargy, obtundation, and unresponsiveness without seizures or muscle twitches. This low road to coma involves either anatomical compression of the midbrain reticular formation or a metabolic or toxic disorder characterized by membrane stabilization and decreased neuronal excitability.
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PMID:Two roads to coma: the Scottish hypothesis. 94 May 9

An experimental model of clinical liver failure, using total devascularization of the liver is described in the pit. The survival time was 1495 +/- 75 (SEM) minutes. Clinically the pigs showed a uniform course. They became lethargic after eight to ten hours and following a period of increasing drowsiness they became comatose. The immediate cause of death was cardio-vasculary collaps. The ammonium ion concentration in the blood increased to 696 +/- 57 umol/l and in cerebrospinal fluid to 664 +/- 57 umol/l. Cerebrospinal fluid glucose concentration was significantly decreased.
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PMID:Total devascularization of the Liver: an experimental model of acute liver failure. 106 34

To investigate the hypothesis that delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychoactive ingredient of marihuana, acts by interfering with cholinergic brain mechanisms, 0.75 to 1.25 mg of physostigmine, a centrally active cholinergic drug, was given intravenously to 5 normal volunteers who had ingested 20 to 40 mg of THC 2 hours earlier. Physostigmine decreased the degree of tachycardia and conjunctival injection produced by THC. The major psychologic effects of physostigmine were amplification of the lethargy and somnolence which occur late in the course of THC intoxication. We interpret the lack of physostigmine counteraction of the peak psychologic effects of THC as evidence against the hypothesis that THC acts predominantly by an anticholinergic mechanism.
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PMID:Interaction of physostigmine and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in man. 109 92

Interferon (IFN) related neurotoxicity includes somnolence and confusion, fatigue, lethargy, psychiatric symptoms, conceptual disorganization, neurological deficits, cortical blindness, coma and, rarely, death. The neurologic syndromes seem to be more common in elderly patients, following intramuscular or intravenous administration, at higher doses of frequent injections of IFN-alpha and in primary renal cell carcinoma. The duration of the treatment was not strongly related to neurotoxicity. Computed tomography findings were non-specific and included atrophy or periventricular lucencies. Electroencephalograph studies demonstrated a generalized increase in slow wave activity which returned to normal after cessation of treatment. Behavioral and mental changes in patients treated with IFN are warning signs, and indicate the need to withdraw treatment.
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PMID:Neurotoxicity of interferon-alpha. 128 26

An electro-behaviour dissociation was described, at first by animals next about the man, in experiment testing and in the drug addictions. This non concordance appear as lesser if it is be considered not only the sleeping waves but also all the electrical signs of the vigil state: non-existent, fluctuating, limited in topography, behind the stimulation, incomplete or emphasized. In this view we study some pathological states: narcotic and alcoholic addictions, confusion and pre-senile illness. Sometimes it is the abnormal sleep (coma or amazement) which alter the vigil state: absent, decreased, etc. Sometimes the vigilance is "numbed", the behaviour and the recording are those of lethargy. Sometimes also, the drowsiness has insomnia characteristics, associating a deep sleep loss, a reactivity to stimulations at once emphasized and undiscriminated, and "strangeness" insurmontable for the consciousness (perplexity, delusions, nightmare and level anomalies).
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PMID:[Alterations of arousal in some psychopathologic states]. 134 49


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