Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023380 (lethargy)
 5,697 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

At the two largest open air markets in Kumasi, Ghana, interviews were conducted with 143 women who had at least one child aged less than five years. Researchers wanted to examine their knowledge, attitude, and practices concerning acute respiratory infection (ARI) in children. The women tended to be married, Christian, from the Ashanti tribe, aged 20-29 years, and to have 2-3 living children. 73.4% had a child or children who had suffered from cough and fever within the last six months. 73.4% named exposure to cold as a direct cause of cough. Many women incorrectly blamed worm infestation for causing cough and fever (21%) and constipation for causing cough (25.9%). None mentioned pathogens as a cause of cough and fever. None said that good ventilation and avoidance of overcrowding prevent cough and fever. The more serious the symptoms, the more likely the mothers were to seek treatment at a health care facility (e.g., cough only, 0.7%; cough and fever, 6.3%; cough, fever, and anorexia, 30%; and cough, fever, and lethargy, 57.3%). Common home care practices for treating a runny nose included ephedrine or other types of nasal drops, herbal medicines, antipyretics, and antibiotics. 39.9% would use antibiotics to treat coughs. Honey and cough syrup were often used to treat cough and fever. Some herbal and home care therapies had potentially harmful effects. For example, 25.9% said that they used castor oil and enemas to prevent ARI. The women had an acceptable knowledge score on severity of symptoms (mode = 15/20; range = 11-18). These findings indicate a need for a health education program targeting mothers of children aged less than five years.
 ...
PMID:Maternal knowledge, attitude and practices regarding childhood acute respiratory infections in Kumasi, Ghana. 788 91

In India, 48 mothers with at least one child aged less than 5 years living in two villages of Raipur Rani block in Haryana were interviewed to determine whether their beliefs and practices had changed after the diarrheal diseases control program was implemented. The researchers planned to use the findings to improve the program's promotional strategy. 23% believed that eating uncovered food, eating dirty or stale food, eating mud, and dirty feeding bottles were causes of diarrhea. Other perceived causes of diarrhea to be excessive heat (75%), specific foods (52%), over-eating (22.9%), excessive cold (14.5%), teething (14.5%), side effects of medication (6.2%), top milk (4.2%), and constipation (4.1%). Only 10.4% knew specific ways to prevent diarrhea. 85.5% approved of continuing breast feeding during diarrhea, while, before the program, most mothers withheld breast milk. Previously, 98.1% would restrict foods during diarrhea, now only 35% would do so. 50% believed less fluids than the normal amount should be given during diarrhea. 65% thought that the usual amount of food should be given. 68.8% would administer home remedies to treat diarrhea. 18.8% would begin oral rehydration therapy at home. If diarrhea is serious or home remedies do not work, 83.7% would seek a local medical practitioner and 16.3% would go to government health facilities. 54% had used oral rehydration solution in the past. 42.9% of them knew how to prepare it correctly and 70.5% knew how to administer it correctly. Recognized danger signs during diarrhea included lethargy (54.1%), at least eight watery stools/day (41.6%), frequent vomiting (27.1%), weakness (20.8%), dry and sunken eyes (16.6%), anorexia (12.5%), loose skin (6.2%), fever (4.2%), noisy breathing (2.1%), convulsions (2.1%), dehydration (2.1%), facial edema (2.1%), and sunken fontanelle (2%). These findings emphasize the need to focus on preventive measures by educating the public about causes and methods of diarrhea prevention while considering the existing culture.
 ...
PMID:Mothers' beliefs and practices regarding prevention and management of diarrheal diseases. 788 22

Between March 1980 and March 1989 there were six identified cases of infant botulism. The presenting symptoms were predominantly poor feeding, lethargy and constipation, and the presenting signs were predominantly hypotonia, weak gag reflex and respiratory difficulty. All required intensive care and prolonged hospital stays. Recovery was eventually complete in all cases. Infant botulism is an uncommon condition but early recognition with adequate intensive care usually results in complete recovery.
 ...
PMID:Infant botulism: a review in South Australia (1980-89). 846 Nov 74

Hypothyroidism is a commonly diagnosed endocrine disorder. Typical signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism include lethargy, cold intolerance, hoarseness, dry skin, constipation, delayed relaxation phase of deep tendon reflexes, and bradycardia. Hypothyroidism, presenting with such classic manifestations, usually is readily recognized and, therefore, easy to diagnose. Occasionally patients have less commonly emphasized symptoms, making the diagnosis less apparent. Such atypical presentations may suggest other diseases as the primary problem and, therefore, the initial focus of attention is on a diagnosis other than hypothyroidism. We have observed patients with hypothyroidism with rare manifestations. The diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism was established in all patients by thyroid function tests, and initiation of thyroid hormone therapy resulted in significant improvement of the presenting symptom. We considered it instructive to report about these patients because it shows the need to be aware of the unusual presentations of hypothyroidism and to consider hypothyroidism when confronted with atypical clinical manifestations.
 ...
PMID:Unusual presentations of hypothyroidism. 936 36

Infant botulism is caused by intestinal colonization by Clostridium botulinum, C. barati or C. butyricum. Infant botulism has only rarely been reported outside the USA. A 3-month-old boy developed constipation, lethargy, feeding difficulties and descending, severe, symmetric weakness. He was breastfed but had also been fed honey. Supportive care led to complete recovery. The serum was positive for C. botulinum toxin type A-F (mouse toxin neutralization assay). A strain of C. botulinum producing toxin type A and E was identified in the stool. C. botulinum was identified in a jar of honey of the same brand as the honey fed to the patient.
 ...
PMID:Infant botulism. The first culture-confirmed Danish case. 941 10

We present the case of a young man with 3-month history of generalized weakness and lethargy, constipation, weight gain, and swelling in the lower extremities. He was found to have an elevated serum creatinine of 203 mumol/l (2.3 mg/dl), markedly elevated TSH, severe hypercholesterolemia, hyperuricemia, a 24-hour urine creatinine excretion rate of 16.8 mmol/d (1.9 g/d), a creatinine clearance of 58 ml/min, and a uric acid excretion rate of 4.2 mmol/d (700 mg/d). With the impression of primary hypothyroidism, the patient was started on levothyroxine supplementation at which point he developed a classic gouty arthritis of right first metatarsophalangial joint. Six weeks after thyroid replacement therapy his serum creatinine had declined to 124 mumol/l (1.4 mg/dl), and 24-hour urine creatinine excretion rate declined to 11.5 mmol/d (1.3 g/d) with an estimated creatinine clearance rate of 65 ml/min. This was accompanied by reduction in serum uric acid and cholesterol levels, and a decline in uric acid excretion rate. Eighteen months later his creatinine had further declined to 88.4 mumol/l (1.0 mg/dl).
 ...
PMID:Reversible renal insufficiency, hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis in a case of hypothyroidism. 949 Dec 89

Exploratory celiotomy of an 18-mo-old female ostrich (Struthio camelus) with anorexia, lethargy, and constipation of 5 days' duration showed mesenteric volvulus and a focal narrowing of the rectum approximately 28 cm cranial to the cloaca. The prognosis was poor and the animal was euthanized. Necropsy revealed a fibrinonecrotic proctitis and a 3-cm-long circumferential stricture of the rectum. Histologically, the rectal wall at the stricture was deeply effaced by fibrovascular connective tissue with vascular thrombosis and necrotizing vasculitis, and it resembled the lesions in feeder pigs with fibrinonecrotic colitis.
 ...
PMID:Rectal stricture in an ostrich (Struthio camelus). 980 11

Although disorders of thyroid function may cause a wide range of muscle disturbances, an overt myopathy has been rarely reported as an isolated clinical presentation of hypothyroidism. We observed 10 patients (5 males and 5 females) who had been referred to the department of neurology because of muscular fatigability, myalgia, cramps, or proximal weakness. Laboratory investigation showed that all patients had hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis (atrophic variant in 9/10). Classic symptoms/signs of hypothyroidism such as lethargy, constipation, cold intolerance, myxedematous facies, and/or bradycardia were absent, as assessed independently by the three coauthoring thyroidologists. Muscular complaints improved greatly and then disappeared after substitutive levothyroxine treatment. Muscle biopsy revealed nonspecific changes. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reductase (NADH-TR)-hyporeactive cores were present in two patients (10% and 90% of type 1 fibers). On electron microscopy, the core areas showed disorganized myofibrils, Z-band streaming, rod formation, and paucity of mitochondria and glycogen granules. Desmin intermediate filaments were overexpressed only in some cores. The similarity of the pattern of desmin expression between hypothyroid cores and target lesions of denervated fibers supports the hypothesis that, at least in some of our patients, myopathy was the result of an impaired nerve-mediated action of thyroid hormones on skeletal muscle. Our observations suggest that an isolated myopathy as the sole manifestation of hypothyroidism is not a rare event. We postulate that our cases may constitute a peculiar subgroup of Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients: (1) the strikingly abnormal F/M ratio of 1:1; (2) the relatively younger age; (3) the rarity of the goitrous variant; (4) the unusual finding of antithyroglobulin (Tg-Ab) > antithyroid peroxidase (TPO-Ab). Thorough evaluation of thyroid function is appropriate in patients with myopathy of uncertain origin.
 ...
PMID:Myopathy as the persistently isolated symptomatology of primary autoimmune hypothyroidism. 984 19

During the period January 1994 to December 1997, a total of 560 cognitively delayed children were prospectively screened for congenital hypothyroidism in the paediatric neurology clinic at Jordan University Hospital. Seventeen (3%) children were diagnosed to have congenital hypothyroidism. Mean age at diagnosis was 15 months (range 1.8-72 months). Main presenting symptoms (other than cognitive delay) were seizures, lethargy, poor feeding, constipation and prolonged neonatal jaundice. Thirteen (76.5%) of the 17 extrathyroid-associated anomalies involved the central nervous system (CNS). This finding reflects the study population chosen for the present study. All 17 patients had some degree of cognitive improvement ranging from slight improvement to achieving normal milestones after taking L-thyroxine. Congenital hypothyroidism is common in cognitively delayed children. The presence of major abnormality of the CNS should not be regarded as the only possible cause of cognitive delay and thyroid function should be assessed in such children.
 ...
PMID:Screening for congenital hypothyroidism in cognitively delayed children. 992 83

We conducted a randomized phase II trial of two different schedules of topotecan in patients with advanced-stage non small lung cancer (NSCLC) without prior cytotoxic chemotherapy. All patients had histologic or cytologic confirmation of stage IV (M1) or III-B NSCLC. Patients were stratified by performance status, stage and weight loss. Patients were randomized to receive topotecan at intravenous doses of 1.5 mg/m(2)/day over 30 min for 5 days every 3 weeks (Arm A) or 1.3 mg/m(2)grade 3 in both arms included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, malaise, constipation, diarrhea, lethargy, pulmonary, vomiting, infection and myalgia. Severe (> or = grade 3) thrombocytopenia occurred in 15.8% of Arm A patients and 37.8% of Arm B patients and this difference was statistically significant (P=0.03). The median times to progression are 101 and 63 days (P=0. 75) and the median survival times are 257 and 179 days (P=0.83) for Arms A and B, respectively. These differences in time to progression and overall survival are not statistically significant. Topotecan has limited, single agent activity in advanced NSCLC when given as 1. 5 mg/m(2)/day over 30 min for 5 days every 3 weeks. We do not intend to pursue further investigations with topotecan in patients with NSCLC.
 ...
PMID:A randomized phase II trial of two schedules of topotecan for the treatment of advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer. 1071 33


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>