Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023380 (lethargy)
 5,697 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. We have studied the time course of the numbers of arterial monocytes and their superoxide anion (O2-) production in a chronically instrumented sheep model of subacute endotoxaemia induced by a continuous intravenous infusion of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (20 ng min-1 kg-1). 2. Four out of 11 animals died from irreversible respiratory and cardiovascular failure within 21 h of the start of lipopolysaccharide administration ('non-survivors'), whereas in the seven surviving sheep ('survivors') there was a persistence of decreased systemic vascular resistance, systemic hypotension, pulmonary hypertension, anorexia and lethargy. 3. O2- generation by isolated monocytes was measured by the O2- dismutase-inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (100 ng/ml) or opsonized zymosan (3 mg/ml). Basal mean value of phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated O2- production was significantly (P = 0.008) higher for non-survivors (31.3 +/- 8.8 nmol 30 min-1 10(-6) cells; n = 4) than for survivors (6.2 +/- 2.3 nmol 30 min-1 10(-6) cells; n = 7). 4. For both survivors and non-survivors, monocyte counts and phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated O2- production increased over time to reach in survivors a plateau after 2 days of continuous lipopolysaccharide infusion. Similar results were obtained when monocytes were stimulated for O2- production with opsonized zymosan. 5. These results suggest that (1) increased O2- production by monocytes and monocytosis appear with a precise, delayed time course during the development of subacute endotoxaemia in sheep; and (2) a high stimulated O2- production by monocytes before lipopolysaccharide administration may represent a predictive factor for the subsequent respiratory failure and outcome of endotoxaemia.
 ...
PMID:Superoxide production by peripheral blood monocytes during sustained endotoxaemia in sheep. 166 89

The clinical, clinicopathologic, and pathologic features of 119 cases of plague in cats from 1977 to 1988 in New Mexico were reviewed. Fifty-three percent were bubonic, 10% were pneumonic, 8% were septicemic, and 29% with neither buboes nor pneumonia were unclassified (but presumed septicemic). Three quarters of the lymphadenopathy was submandibular, and almost half of this was bilateral. One third of all cats had the triad of lethargy, anorexia, and fever in addition to buboes; one quarter had this triad plus abscesses. The overall mortality rate was 33%, with the greatest risk of death in pneumonic cases. For confirmatory diagnosis with a single laboratory test, fluorescent antibody was most frequently used (39% of cases). Cultures and passive hemagluttination titers were also used for confirmation. Gross and histologic findings depended on the type of plague, with Yersinia pestis organisms visualized in buboes of cats with bubonic plague and in the alveolar spaces and respiratory tubules of cats with pneumonic plague.
 ...
PMID:Clinical, clinicopathologic, and pathologic features of plague in cats: 119 cases (1977-1988). 175 74

A new antidepressant Fluoxetine, a serotonin re-uptake inhibitor, was tried on 26 resistant depressed patients. There were four drop out due to severe side effects. Improvement was noticeable soon after the first week and was maximum within 3 weeks of medication in 14 (63.6%) patients while in 8 (36.4%) patients it was as late as 6-12 weeks. The decline in improvement after three weeks in 7(31.8%) patients, needs attention in future studies. Bradycardia in 2 patients above the age of sixty indicate that the drug should be used with caution in elderly. GIT disturbance, insomnia, anorexia, restlessness and lethargy were common side effects. A well planned double blind study is recommended before its place is assigned in our patient population.
 ...
PMID:Early experience with fluoxetine. 176 70

The aim of this study was to establish whether somnolence syndrome existed in adults by exploring their experiences after receiving cranial radiotherapy. Somnolence syndrome is described as excessive sleep, drowsiness, lethargy and anorexia and was found to occur in these patients. A description of the phenomenon was drawn from triangulation of the data. For 6 weeks following radiotherapy, the participants completed a diary consisting of two elements, a quantitative visual analogue scale and an open diary. This was followed by a qualitative semi-structured interview. Patients experienced sleepiness which they described as 'exhausted doing nothing' and that any activity was a 'struggle'. Some individuals described sensory changes, deafness and an increase in leg and arm weakness. These experiences presented a series of unexpected changes in their health which resulted in fear of treatment failure and disease recurrence. The study suggests that more information should be provided for patients on the side-effects that occur after radiotherapy has finished. Somnolence syndrome presented for the participants an experience which is not adequately described in previous literature. The nurse has an important role in providing information to prepare patients for their experience and more knowledge about this phenomenon is required for these patients to be informed adequately.
 ...
PMID:Patients' experiences following cranial radiotherapy: a study of the somnolence syndrome. 177 82

The National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group undertook a phase II study of 2'-deoxycoformycin in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. When 2'-deoxycoformycin 4 mg/m2 was administered intravenously weekly for three weeks then every two weeks no significant antitumor activity was noted in 19 evaluable patients. Toxic effects experienced were as expected, consisting primarily of nausea/vomiting, anorexia, and lethargy. It is concluded that 2'-deoxycoformycin at this dose and schedule has no clinical activity in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Phase II study of 2'-deoxycoformycin in patients with renal cell carcinoma. A National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group study. 178 28

Babesia gibsoni caused severe hemolytic anemia in 11 dogs from southern California. The most common clinical signs of B gibsoni infection were lethargy, anorexia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Acute infection with B gibsoni may be misdiagnosed as autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Diagnosis was most reliably determined by identification of the intraerythrocytic parasites on Giemsa-stained blood smears. The pathogenicity of B gibsoni, difficulties in diagnosis, the parasite's resistance to treatment with available drugs, and frequent interstate movement of dogs indicate that this disease may be a serious threat to dogs throughout the United States.
 ...
PMID:Hemolytic anemia caused by Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs. 178 20

The medical records of 7 hypercalcemic cats with primary hyperparathyroidism were evaluated. Mean age was 12.9 years, with ages ranging from 8 to 15 years; 5 were female; 5 were Siamese, and 2 were of mixed breed. The most common clinical signs detected by owners were anorexia and lethargy. A cervical mass was palpable in 4 cats. Serum calcium concentrations were 11.1 to 22.8 mg/dl, with a mean of 15.8 mg/dl calculated from each cat's highest preoperative value. The serum phosphorus concentration was low in 2 cats, within reference limits in 4, and slightly high in 1 cat. The BUN concentration was greater than 60 mg/dl in 2 cats, 31 to 35 mg/dl in 2 cats, and less than 30 mg/dl in 3 cats. Abnormalities were detected in serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase activities from 2 or 3 cats. Parathormone (PTH) concentrations were measured in 2 cats before and after surgery. The preoperative PTH concentration was within reference limits in 1 cat and was high in 1 cat. The PTH concentrations were lower after surgery in both cats tested. A solitary parathyroid adenoma was surgically removed from 5 cats, bilateral parathyroid cystadenomas were surgically resected in 1 cat, and a parathyroid carcinoma was diagnosed at necropsy in 1 cat. None of the cats had clinical problems with hypocalcemia after surgery, although 2 cats developed hypocalcemia without tetany, one of which was controlled with oral administration of dihydrotachysterol and the other with oral administration of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D. All 5 of the cta that underwent removal of an adenoma were alive at least 240 days after surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Primary hyperparathyroidism in cats: seven cases (1984-1989). 181 72

CRH has been shown to produce increased locomotion, arousal, and anorexia in experimental animals. A deficiency of CRH in patients with seasonal affective disorder could contribute to the characteristic lethargy, hypersomnia, and hyperphagia characteristic of this illness. To test this hypothesis, we studied basal plasma ACTH and cortisol levels and their responses to ovine CRH in controls and depressed patients with seasonal affective disorder before and after light treatment. Untreated seasonal affective disorder patients showed normal basal plasma cortisol and ACTH levels, but their responses to CRH tended to be delayed and were significantly reduced. When patients were studied after 9 days of light treatment, a significant increase in plasma ACTH and cortisol responses to CRH was observed. Our findings in untreated patients with seasonal affective disorder are similar to those in patients with Cushing's disease 2 weeks after transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, who uniformly show sustained suppression of their CRH neuron because of long-standing hypercortisolism. This findings suggest that the CRH neuron of patients with seasonal affective disorder is hypofunctional. We postulate that the clinical symptomatology in patients with seasonal affective disorder could reflect deficient activity of this important arousal-producing system.
 ...
PMID:Abnormal pituitary-adrenal responses to corticotropin-releasing hormone in patients with seasonal affective disorder: clinical and pathophysiological implications. 185 Nov 85

The literature contains about 500 cases of equine leucosis, though the reports are deposited in a great number of journals and vary considerably concerning particular topics. During the last years there has been a remarkable increase of publications about this syndrome in the equine. The clinical leucosis key recommended by us has been confirmed in principle considering the latest literature. In about 70 individual symptoms which can be clinically observed in equine with leucosis 11 can be considered as main symptoms because of their frequency; they are again classified in primary (lymph node tumours including splenomegaly--loss of condition, weakness--cachexia, weight loss, periphery oedema), secondary (anorexia, inappetence--fever--paleness of mucous membrane--anaemia--tachycardia) and accessory (incoordination--tachypnoea, dyspnoea--apathy, lethargy) main symptoms. Furthermore in future it will be necessary to take into more consideration the symptoms "recurrent colic" and "hydrothorax" within differential diagnosis. The main symptom "incoordination" (ataxia, asynergy, paresis, paralysis) is used by us more precisely only in case of impairment of nervous system by neoplastic infiltrations and does not signify as possible symptoms of general physical weakness, for example faltering, staggering, tumbling or lameness. The morphological classification follows further on our previous recommendation. There exist generalized forms with tumour infiltrations in abdominal and in thoracic cavity as well as especially in peripheral lymph nodes. On the other hand there are characteristic manifestations in certain regions of the body, which establish distinctly the clinical symptomatology. They are marked as regional multicentric forms with the main localizations "mediastinal", "splenic", "mesenteric" or "intestinal".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Clinical diagnostic keys and special manifestations in equine leukosis]. 195 30

A herd of 15 mature riding horses with a history of anorexia, weight loss, and lethargy was examined. The animals had been fed a 50/50 mixture of commercial sweet feed and corn screenings contaminated with a heavy growth of Fusarium moniliforme. Thirteen of the horses had one or more neurologic signs. The most characteristic signs were profound depression and mild ataxia. Over the 19-day course of the epizootic, the horses had increasing severe neurologic deficits, including unilateral blindness and delirium. Despite the clinical appearance of dehydration, 12 horses had low PCV (16 to 27%), hematocrit (21.2 to 31.0%; determined by automated cell counter), and RBC counts (3.76 to 5.5 x 10(6) RBC/microliters). White blood cell counts were variable (4,900 to 17,000 WBC/microliters). Necropsy findings included diffuse malacia of the white matter of the frontal cortex and severe multifocal perivascular hemorrhage in the white matter of the temporal cortex, basal ganglia, anterior medulla, and pons. One horse had a hepatic lesion consisting of a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate and bile duct proliferation. The attack rate of this epizootic was 100%. The course of disease was unusually long in some animals. In an experiment, the fusarium-infected corn screenings were fed to horses and did not cause clinical signs or alterations in blood or serum biochemical values.
 ...
PMID:Clinical and epidemiologic features of an epizootic of equine leukoencephalomalacia. 204 19


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>