Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023380 (lethargy)
 5,697 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty colostrum-fed piglets from three sows were separated from the sows 24 hours after birth and were randomly divided into five groups of four piglets each. Every piglet in each of four test groups was orally inoculated with about 10(10) colony forming units of Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella choleraesuis var Kunzendorf or one of two isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. One group served as uninoculated controls. Piglets infected with K. pneumoniae developed severe diarrhea beginning about 12 hours after inoculation. They became dehydrated and weak but continued to drink. There were no morphological alterations in intestinal mucosa when piglets were killed and necropsied 48 or 72 hours after inoculation. Klebseilla pneumoniae was isolated from intestine and feces but not from liver or spleen. Piglets inoculated with S. choleraesuis became lethargic and disinterested in food by 24 hours after inoculation. Diarrhea developed by 48 hours after inoculation. Lesions at necropsy 60 or 72 hours postinoculation were subcutaneous edema, mesenteric lymphadenitis, diffuse intestinal superficial mucosal necrosis with villous atrophy, and focal deep ulceration in the ileum. Salmonella choleraesuis was isolated from all segments of intestine and from feces, liver and spleen. Piglets inoculated with S. typhimurium developed a relatively mild diarrheal disease with lesions similar to those with S. choleraesuis infection but less severe. The inoculated organism was recovered from all areas of intestine and from feces, liver and spleen. Serum from infected and control piglets had high (greater than 1:256) agglutinating titres against S. typhimurium but low titres (0 to 1:8) against S. choleraesuis. The agglutinins were assumed to originate from colostral antibodies.
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PMID:Experimental Klebsiella and Salmonella infection in neonatal swine. 38 85

During a 4-year period between January 1987 and December 1990, 41 high-risk neonates with proven urinary tract infections (UTIs) were studied prospectively and compared with 55 control neonates. An incidence of 2.6 UTIs per 1000 live births was noted, amongst whom no obvious radiological abnormalities of the urinary tract were found. Significantly, more males than females developed UTIs, the ratio being 4.5:I. Low-birth-weight babies were significantly more often affected than those of normal weight (P less than 0.05). Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella spp. were the predominant pathogens isolated. Aetiologically, bacteraemia from sepsis was important. Most of the infants presented with a significantly higher incidence of pyrexia, abdominal distension, lethargy and jaundice (P less than 0.01). The overall mortality rate of 17.1% was closely related to these associated problems. The relatively high incidence of UTI and the rarity of radiological abnormalities of the urinary tract in the African neonate contrast with previous reports in the literature and the reason is worthy of consideration. Despite the rarity of urinary-tract anomalies, a continuous surveillance of the trend of neonatal UTI and its outcome is recommended.
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PMID:Urinary-tract infections in African neonates. 152 23

An 8-year-old sexually intact male llama was euthanatized because of obstruction of the penile portion of the urethra and rupture of the urinary bladder. Clinical signs of obstruction included anorexia, lethargy, teeth grinding, straining to defecate, inability to urinate, and tense abdomen. Laboratory findings included anemia, leukocytosis with left shift, high serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, and phosphorus concentrations, and low serum chloride concentration. Necropsy revealed ruptured urinary bladder and acute fibrinous peritonitis. A firm, gray, nonmineralized urethral plug occluded the penile portion of the urethra for a distance of 14 cm in the midpenile region, distal to the sigmoid flexure of the penis. The urinary bladder mucosa and the urethra had microscopic evidence of chronic inflammation. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, and alpha-streptococci were isolated from the urethral plug.
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PMID:Urethral obstruction in a male llama. 259 47

Sepsis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn infants. From January 1983 to April 1988, 166 cases of neonatal sepsis with positive blood cultures were collected at V.G.H.--Taichung. Among them 140 newborn babies were delivered at private clinic (outborn babies), 26 cases were inborn babies. Of the inborn babies, 20 cases (76.9%) were early onset sepsis (the onset of illness within 96 hours of life) and 6 cases (23.1%) were late onset sepsis (the onset of illness beyond 96 hours of life). Off the outborn babies, 64 cases (45.7%) were early onset sepsis and 76 cases (54.3%) were late onset sepsis. The Gram positive organism (51.9%) was more common than the Gram negative organism in the inborn babies, on contrary, the Gram negative organism (59.0%) was more common in the outborn babies. The most common pathogenic organism of the inborn babies was Enterococcus (22.2%) and E. coli (22.2%), followed by Pseudomonas spp (11.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (11.1%). The most common pathogenic organism of the outborn babies was Enterococcus (17.4%), followed by E. coli (16.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.9%) and Klebsiella spp (8.1%). The antibiotics sensitivity tests to the pathogens didn't show any significant difference between these two group babies. In this clinical study, we found that the first choices of antibiotics were ampicillin plus aminoglycosides. The clinical symptoms and signs were nonspecific. The most common findings were lethargy, fever, hypothermia and poor feeding. Of the inborn babies, 17 cases (65.4%) had the predisposing factor(s). Of the outborn babies, 42 cases (30%) had the predisposing factor(s).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical observation of neonatal sepsis]. 281 81

Six species of bacteria (family Enterobacteriaceae) not commonly reported as associated with disease in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) were documented, suggesting that Aeromonas is not the only bacterium responsible for septicemia in crocodilians. These included Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter agglomerans, Proteus sp., Morganella morganii, Serratia marcescens, and Klebsiella oxytoca. Clinical signs of disease included intensive basking, anorexia, lethargy, flaccid limb paralysis, stomatitis, and dermatitis. Our data indicated that early treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics was preferable to waiting for sensitivity results.
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PMID:Gram-negative septicemia in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). 350 33

Infection causes major morbidity and mortality in patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts. The prognosis of CSF shunt infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) has been thought to be particularly poor. The authors reviewed all GNB shunt infections treated at Children's Memorial Hospital from January 1986 to January 1990 (n = 23). Of these infections 20 (87%) occurred within 4 weeks after shunt revision (median, 10 days). The most frequent symptoms were fever, lethargy, and irritability; the illness was not severe in the majority of these patients. Escherichia coli was isolated from 12 of 23 patients (52%), Klebsiella pneumoniae from 5 (22%), and mixed GNB from 3 (13%) patients. Initial treatment always included immediate shunt removal, externalized ventricular drainage, and intravenous antibiotics. Extraventricular drainage revision and/or intraventricular antibiotics were required in four patients whose CSF cultures were persistently positive for GNB. At admission, these patients had CSF glucose levels of < 10 mg/dl and CSF positive for GNB by Gram's stain. The overall cure rate was 100%, and no recurrence was observed; however, a subsequent infection with a different organism developed in four patients. Only 2 of 19 patients (11%) who were followed up suffered apparent CNS damage. One patient died of unrelated causes shortly after treatment. Our findings indicate that 1) patients with GNB CSF shunt infections often appear relatively well at presentation; 2) CSF positive for GNB by Gram's stain and very low CSF glucose levels predict continued positive CSF cultures, despite appropriate antibiotic therapy; and 3) GNB CSF shunt infections can be successfully treated by prompt shunt removal, extraventricular drainage, and intravenous antibiotics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections with gram-negative bacteria. 826 83

The cases of 36 newborns seen in the neonatal unit of Al-Fatah Children's Hospital in Benghazi, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, with blood-culture-proven septicaemia were reviewed to determine clinical profile and outcome. There were 22 males and 14 females. Of these, 12 infants were premature with a gestational age of < 37 weeks and 24 were full term (gestational age > 37 weeks). At diagnosis, 11 cases were under 4 days of age. The most common symptoms were lethargy and feeding intolerance. Klebsiella was the most common etiological microorganism. Bacterial isolates were resistant to ampicillin and gentamicin but sensitive to cefotaxime. Of the 36 infants, 12 died (fatality rate = 33%).
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PMID:Blood-culture-proven neonatal septicaemia: a review of 36 cases. 1155 40

96 consecutive inborn neonates with blood culture proven bacterial sepsis during the period January to June 1997 were studied. Lethargy with refusal of feeds (28%), fever (28%) and respiratory distress (31.3%) were the major presenting features. Half of them (n = 48) were of early onset (< 48 hours) and the remaining half were of late onset (> 48 hours). Staphylococcus aureus (n = 59, 61.5%) was the predominant pathogen and 66% of them were methicillin resistant followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 24, 21.9), Escherichia coli (n = 13, 13.5%) and streptococci (n = 3, 3.1%). Antibiotic resistance was common, with the sensitivity to various antibiotics being ampicillin 19%, gentamicin 21.6%, cefotaxime 32.8%, amikacin 50%, chloromycetin 59.6% and ciprofloxacin 90.3%.
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PMID:Neonatal sepsis: Staphylococcus aureus as the predominant pathogen. 1156 47

Clinical signs of severe bronchopneumonia, including anorexia, coughing, nasal discharge, dyspnoea, diarrhoea, distension of the neck, lethargy, recumbency, lameness preceding collapse, and death were observed among a herd of Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle. The outbreak occurred over a 30-day period, and attack and case-fatality rates were 0.4% and 50%, respectively. At necropsy, extensive consolidation in the cranioventral parts of the lungs was observed. Histologically, a severe acute bronchopneumonia with slight pleuritis was present. Both pathological and bacteriological evaluation of the lungs incriminated Histophilus somni (heavy growth). Supplementary laboratory investigations also isolated Clostridium and Klebsiella species (scanty growth) from the lungs. Histophilosis in cattle was confirmed for the first time in Nigeria.
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PMID:The first report of Histophilus somni pneumonia in Nigerian dairy cattle. 1844 35

This prospective study was undertaken in Dhaka Shishu hospital, Bangladesh from 15th Oct. 2005 to 15th October 2006 to determine the Risk factors, Clinical manifestation and bacteriological profile of neonatal sepsis. Eighty suspected cases of septicaemia admitted in neonatal ward of Dhaka Shishu Hospital were included in this study. Patients, who had history of perinatal asphyxia, congenital cyanotic heart disease etc. were excluded from the study. Thirty neonates without signs & symptoms of septicaemia admitted for other causes like jaundice, feeding problems etc. were taken as a control group. After taking informed consent, detailed history was obtained from mother or relatives accompanying the baby. Hematological investigations like total WBC count, differential count, absolute neutrophil count, band cell count, platelet count, CRP, blood culture were done. Low socioeconomic conditions, place of delivery, low birth weight, prolong rupture of membrane appears to be the principal predisposing factors for neonatal sepsis. Clinical presentation includes reluctant to feed (96.7%), lethargy (73.4%), abdominal distention (70%), Hypothermia (40%), Jaundice (50%) are more common. Predominant organism was gram negative. Among them: Klebsiella (60%), Serratia (20%), Acenetobactor (13.3%). This isolates were most often sensitive to third generation cephalosporin. Imipenam is highly sensitive and is recommended when other therapy fails. Periodic surveillance for agent of infection & their antimicrobial sensitivity profile is recommended.
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PMID:Risk factors, clinical manifestation and bacteriological profile of neonatal sepsis in a tertiary level pediatric hospital. 1937 35


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