Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023380 (lethargy)
 5,697 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 7 calves inoculated with Trypanosoma brucei and observed for 105 days, the minimal clinical signs were occasional lethargic periods associated with parasitemia. Rectal temperatures increased by postinoculation day (pid), 10, remained moderately high until PID 50 to 60, and then returned to base line. Moderate anemia occurred between PID 15 and 25. Slightly increased lymphocyte count with relative decrease in neutrophil count was found in 3 calves. Monocytosis of minimal degree occurred 14 days after parasitemia. Trypanosome counts of low level and irregular frequency were found throughout the infection. The average number of trypanosomes in blood was approximately 1,000/ml. Antibody titers, as determined by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody method, appeared on PID 22 and stayed at moderate levels. The immunoglobulin M first increased at PID 5 and remained high (av 216% of base line value) throughout infection, but immunoglobulin G was never increased. Histopathologic study revealed proliferative changes in the lymph nodes and spleen characteristic of humoral antibody (B-cell) response. Mononuclear cell infiltration (lymphocytes and plasma cells), eosinophols, and edema were common in the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, heart, brain, hypophysis, testes, kidney, skeletal muscle, adrenal gland, pancreas, and uterus.
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PMID:Clinical, serologic, and pathologic changes in calves with experimentally induced Trypanosoma brucei infection. 93 3

A phase II trial of ifosfamide (isophosphamide, NSC 109724) and mesna (2-mercaptoethane sodium sulfonate, NSC 113891) in women with advanced or recurrent mixed mullerian tumors of the uterus was conducted by the Gynecologic Oncology Group. The starting dose of ifosfamide was 1.5 gm/m2 daily, intravenously, for 5 days. The starting dose of ifosfamide was reduced 1.2 gm/m2 daily in patients who had received prior radiotherapy. Mesna was given intravenously immediately and at 4 and 8 hours after the administration of ifosfamide. Each mesna dose was 20% of the total daily dose of ifosfamide. Twenty-nine patients are evaluable for toxicity, and 28 patients are evaluable for response. Twenty-one patients had received prior abdominal hysterectomy, and eight patients had prior radiotherapy. Thirteen tumors were homologous and 15 heterologous. Gynecologic Oncology Group grade 3 or 4 granulocytopenia occurred in seven (25%) patients and two (7.1%) had grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia. Two patients (7.1%) had grade 3 or 4 neurotoxicity. One patient experienced lethargy and confusion that responded to discontinuation of the ifosfamide. A second patient developed progressive cerebellar dysfunction, left hemiparesis, and coma. This patient died after 3 days of therapy. Complete responses were seen in five (17.9%) patients and partial responses occurred in four (14.3%) patients for a total response rate of 32.2%. These results indicate that ifosfamide is an unusually active drug in patients with advanced or recurrent mixed mullerian tumors of the uterus. Studies with combination regimens incorporating ifosfamide are warranted. The toxicity of ifosfamide in Gynecologic Oncology Group studies is being evaluated retrospectively.
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PMID:Phase II trial of ifosfamide and mesna in mixed mesodermal tumors of the uterus (a Gynecologic Oncology Group study). 254 82

Pyometra was diagnosed in 183 cats. The most common signs detected by owners included vaginal discharge, anorexia, and lethargy. Main clinical findings on physical examination were vaginal discharge, abdominal distention, dehydration, palpable uterus, and pyrexia. Abdominal radiography revealed a large uterus in 138/169 cats. Most cats had leukocytosis with a left shift. Diagnosis of pyometra was confirmed at surgery in all cats on the basis of finding a large uterus containing purulent material. Clinical signs resolved in 168 cats after surgery; 15 cats (8%) died or were euthanatized. Postoperative complications in 20% generally resolved within 2 weeks after the cats were sent home. Signs detected by owners and results of physical examination in cats with pyometra were similar, but not as conspicuous as those reported in the dog. Mortality (8%) was similar to that seen in dogs.
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PMID:Pyometra in cats: 183 cases (1979-1984). 369 35

A 45-year-old Italian woman, who was admitted to the Royal Free Hospital in London, England, with a 14-day history of general malaise, lethargy, epigastric pain after meals, and night sweats, had had an IUD inserted 13 years earlier which had not been changed. The patient was pyrexial on examination; she had a temperature of 38 degrees Centigrade but no jaundice or enlarged lymph nodes. There was mild epigastric tenderness, and a tender indurated rectal stricture involving the posterior fornix of the vagina was palpable on pelvic examination. The rectal stricture was confirmed on sigmoidoscopy. The biopsy revealed a chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate with lymphocytes, extending from the submucosa through to the muscularis mucosae. A preoperative barium enema showed a long irregular rectal stricture. A large mass of inflammatory tissue was found adherent to the uterus, rectum, fallopian tubes, and ovaries at laparotomy. Bilateral retrograde ureterograms showed complete obstructions of the left ureter at 5 cm and a long irregular stricture was seen at the same level on the right. The histological examination revealed actinomycosis of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. 12 weeks postoperatively the patient was well; sigmoidoscopy to 25 cm showed complete resolution of the rectal stricture. The antibiotic treatment was stopped. The most likely source of this patient's actinomycosis was the IUD for the relationship between the two is well established. In this patient a prolonged course of antibiotics proved effective in treating the infection.
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PMID:Rectal stricture due to actinomycosis. 373 Jul 97

We assessed the feasibility of safe discharge home within 24 hours following laparoscopic hysterectomy in 30 patients who met the inclusion criteria and consented to be enrolled in the study group. Patients were admitted on the day of their surgery with the expectation of discharge within 24 hours. Appropriate home nursing follow-up and phone contact by the surgical team were organized preoperatively. Inclusion criteria were: age 30-65 years, absence of any major medical history that would require prolonged hospitalization, availability of home support for the first 48 hours after discharge and presence of a working telephone line and an address within the area of the Community Home Nursing service. All 30 operative procedures were completed without incident. Six patients underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) (all the procedures of hysterectomy being performed laparoscopically including the suturing of uterine arteries, colpotomy and closure of the vaginal vault. The uterus was removed vaginally) and 24 patients underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) (this techniques differs from TLH in that the colpotomy was performed laparoscopically but the uterosacral ligaments were divided vaginally and the vault also was closed vaginally after the uterus was removed vaginally). The average operating time was 115 minutes (range 85-150 minutes) and the average blood loss was 97 mL (20-250 mL). There were no intraoperative complications, no requirement for transfusion and no readmission to hospital for any of the patients in the study. Postoperative complications were minor (umbilical cellulitis (1), intestinal colic (1)) and both were treated with resolution of the symptoms. Ninety per cent of patients in the study were discharged within 24 hours of their surgery, the average duration of stay being 22.9 hours (20-24 hours). Three patients were not fit for discharge at 24 hours postoperatively due to general lethargy, migraine and nausea; their average discharge time was 53.5 hours. The study showed that laparoscopic hysterectomy can be associated with a reduction in length of in-patient stay compared to traditional laparotomy. Furthermore this reduction could be safely reduced to 24 hours following laparoscopic hysterectomy. There was also an associated cost saving in terms of inpatient bed days. Patient satisfaction with this protocol was high in this selected and motivated group.
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PMID:Home within 24 hours of laparoscopic hysterectomy. 1087 Jul 95

1-Trans-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was nominated by the National Cancer Institute to the NTP for study because it is the major psychoactive component of marijuana and a widely used Schedule I substance. Male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice received THC (97% pure) in corn oil by gavage for 13 weeks, 13 weeks with a 9-week recovery period, or 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhimurium, cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells, and mouse peripheral blood cells. 13-WEEK STUDY IN RATS: Groups of 10 male and 10 female rats received 0, 5, 15, 50, 150, or 500 mg THC/kg body weight in corn oil by gavage, 5 days per week for 13 weeks. Six male and six female rats receiving 500 mg/kg died before the end of the study. The final mean body weights and weight gains of all dosed groups of males and females, except 5 mg/kg females, were significantly lower than those of the controls. Feed consumption by dosed groups was similar to that by controls. Clinical findings observed during the study included lethargy, sensitivity to touch, convulsions, tremors, and aggressiveness. There were no clinical pathology differences considered to be directly related to the administration of THC. The absolute and relative uterus weights of 50, 150, and 500 mg/kg females were significantly lower than those of the controls. Treatment-related multifocal atrophy was observed in the testes of 150 and 500 mg/kg males; uterine and ovarian hypoplasia observed in 150 and 500 mg/kg females was also considered to be related to THC administration. Based on final mean body weights and mortality observed in the 13-week study, doses selected for the 2-year rat study were 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg. 13-WEEK STUDY IN MICE: Groups of 10 male and 10 female mice received 0, 5, 15, 50, 150, or 500 mg THC/kg body weight in corn oil by gavage, 5 days per week for 13 weeks. There were no treatment-related deaths. The final mean body weight and weight gain of 500 mg/kg males were significantly lower than those of the controls. Clinical findings included lethargy and aggressiveness, and both male and female mice in all dosed groups were easily startled. There were no absolute or relative organ weight differences, clinical pathology differences, or microscopic changes observed that were considered to be related to the administration of THC. Due to the minimal THC-related effects observed in the 13-week study, doses selected for the 2-year mouse study were 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg. 13-WEEK WITH 9-WEEK RECOVERY STUDY IN RATS: Groups of 10 male and 10 female rats received 0, 5, 15, 50, 150, or 500 mg THC/kg body weight in corn oil by gavage, 5 days per week for 13 weeks, and then were allowed to recover during a 9-week treatment-free period. Five male and eight female 500 mg/kg rats, five male and two female 150 mg/kg rats, and three male and two female 50 mg/kg rats died before the end of the study. During the 13-week dosing period, mean body weight gains of all dosed groups of rats were lower than those of the controls but returned to normal during the recovery period. Final mean body weights of all dosed groups were similar to those of the controls. Clinical findings observed during the recovery period included sensitivity to touch, convulsions, and aggressiveness. The absolute right testis weight of 500 mg/kg males was significantly lower than that of the controls. Treatment-related multifocal atrophy of the testis was observed in 150 and 500 mg/kg males. There were no treatment-related lesions observed in females administered THC. 13-WEEK WITH 9-WEEK RECOVERY STUDY IN MICE: Groups of 10 male and 10 female mice received 0, 5, 15, 50, 150, or 500 mg THC/kg body weight in corn oil by gavage, 5 days per week for 13 weeks, and then were allowed to recover during a 9-week treatment-free period. The final mean body weights of all dosed groups were similar to those of the controls. Clinical findings observed during the study included lethargy and aggressiveness, and both male and female mice in all dosed groups were easily startled. The absolutebsolute and relative uterus weights of 150 and 500 mg/kg female mice were significantly lower than those of the controls, as was the absolute uterus weight of 50 mg/kg females. 2-YEAR STUDY IN RATS: Groups of 62 vehicle control male rats, 60 low-dose male rats, 70 mid- and high-dose male rats, and 60 female rats were administered 0, 12.5, 25, or 50 mg THC/kg body weight in corn oil by gavage for 104 to 105 weeks. Nine or ten animals from each group were evaluated at 15 months. Survival, Body Weights, and Clinical Findings: Survival of all dosed groups was generally significantly greater than that of the controls. Mean body weights of dosed groups of males and females were lower than those of the controls throughout the study. Convulsions and seizures were observed in all dosed groups of male and female rats, usually following dosing or handling. Hematology and Clinical Chemistry: At the 15-month interim evaluation, total leukocyte and lymphocyte counts in all dosed groups of females were greater than those of the controls, and platelet counts in these groups were lower than that of the controls. Levels of follicle stimulating and luteinizing hormones in all dosed groups of males were significantly greater than those of the controls, as was the serum corticosterone level of 25 mg/kg females. Pathology Findings: No increased incidences of neoplasms were considered related to administration of THC. The incidences of mammary gland fibroadenoma and uterine stromal polyps were decreased in dosed groups of females, as were the incidences of pituitary gland adenomas, interstitial cell adenomas of the testis, and pancreatic adenomas in dosed males. 2-YEAR STUDY IN MICE: Groups of 62 vehicle control male mice, 60 low-dose male mice, 61 mid-dose male mice, and 60 high-dose male mice and 60 female mice were administered 0, 125, 250, or 500 mg THC/kg body weight in corn oil by gavage for 104 to 105 weeks (males) or 105 to 106 weeks (females). Survival, Body Weights, and Clinical Findings: Survival of 500 mg/kg males was significantly less than that of the controls; survival of all other groups of males and of all dosed groups of females was similar to that of the controls. Mean body weights of all dosed groups were markedly lower than those of the controls throughout the study. Clinical findings in dosed groups included hyperactivity, convulsions, and seizures which occurred following dosing or handling. Hematology: At the 15-month interim evaluation, total leukocyte and lymphocyte counts in all dosed groups of males were significantly lower than those of the controls. Pathology Findings: Increased incidences of thyroid gland follicular cell adenoma occurred in 125 mg/kg males and females, but the increase was not dose-related. Increased incidences of thyroid gland follicular cell hyperplasia occurred in all dosed groups of males and females. Increased incidences of forestomach hyperplasia and ulcers occurred in all groups of males administered THC. Incidences of hepatocellular adenoma and of hepatocellular adenoma or carcinoma (combined) occurred with a significant negative trend in male and female mice, as did incidences of eosinophilic foci and fatty change in the liver. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY: THC was not mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA97, TA98, TA100, or TA1535 with or without rat and hamster liver S9 fractions. In cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells, THC induced sister chromatid exchanges at the highest dose tested in the presence of S9; at this dose level, cell cycle delay indicative of toxicity was observed. THC did not induce chromosomal aberrations in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells with or without S9 metabolic activation enzymes. In vivo, no increase in the frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes was observed in the peripheral blood of male or female mice administered THC by gavage for 13 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of these 2-year gavage studies, there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of 1-trans-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in male or female F344/N rats administered 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg. There was equivocal evidence of carcinogenic activity of THC in male and female B6C3F1 mice based on the increased incidences of thyroid gland follicular cell adenomas in 125 mg/kg groups. Increased incidences of thyroid gland follicular cell hyperplasia occurred in male and female mice, and increased incidences of hyperplasia and ulcers of the forestomach were observed in male mice. The incidences of mammary gland fibroadenomas and uterine stromal polyps were decreased in dosed groups of female rats, as were the incidences of pancreatic adenomas, pituitary gland adenomas, and interstitial cell adenomas of the testis in dosed male rats and liver neoplasms in dosed mice. These decreases were likely related to lower body weights in dosed animals. Synonyms: 3-Pentyl-6,6,9-trimethyl-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6h-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-1-ol; delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol; (-)-delta1-3,4-trans- tetrahydrocannabinol; delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinon; THC; delta1-THC; delta(9)-THC
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PMID:NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of 1-Trans-Delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (CAS No. 1972-08-3) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies). 1259 29

a-Methyldopa sesquihydrate is used in the treatment of hypertension; over 20 million prescriptions are written annually for a -methyldopa or a-methyldopa sesquihydrate in the United States. a-Methyldopa sesquihydrate (USP grade, greater than 99% pure) was selected for study because of widespread human exposure and the lack of carcinogenicity studies on this compound. Fourteen-day, 13-week, and 2-year studies were conducted in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. The chemical was administered in feed because human exposure is primarily by the oral route. Short-term studies were performed in bacteria and mammalian cells to evaluate the potential for genetic damage. Fourteen-Day and Thirteen-Week Studies: In the 14-day studies, the chemical was administered at dietary concentrations of 0 and 6,250-100,000 ppm. All rats receiving 100,000 ppm and 2/5 female rats receiving 50,000 ppm died. All mice lived until the end of the studies. Final mean body weights of dosed male rats were 14%-43% lower than that of controls, and those of dosed female rats were 9%-24% lower. Feed consumption by dosed male and female rats was reduced. Final mean body weights of dosed mice were generally within 10% of those of controls; feed consumption by dosed groups was lower than that by controls during the first week of the studies. In the 13-week studies, the chemical was administered at dietary concentrations of 0 and 3,100-50,000 ppm. Deaths occurred in 4/10 male rats, 7/10 female rats, and 2/10 female mice at 50,000 ppm and in 1/10 female rats at 25,000 ppm. Final mean body weights of dosed rats were 6%-46% lower than those of controls. Feed consumption by dosed rat groups was lower than that by controls. Final mean body weights of male mice at 25,000 and 50,000 ppm and female mice at 50,000 ppm were reduced 12%-19%. Feed consumption by dosed and control mice was comparable. Rats and mice receiving 25,000 and 50,000 ppm exhibited clinical signs of toxicity including lethargy, hyperexcitability, ocular discharge, and rough hair coats. Clinical signs of toxicity were judged to be more severe in dosed male mice than in female mice. Minimal to moderate kidney tubular cell regeneration was seen in male and female rats at 12,500, 25,000, and 50,000 ppm. Bone marrow hypoplasia occurred in male rats at 25,000 and 50,000 ppm and in female rats at 6,300 ppm and higher. Nuclear enlargement (karyomegaly) of the renal corticaltubular epithelium was observed in male and female mice administered 12,500-50,000 ppm; these kidney lesions were judged to be more severe and occurred more frequently at concentrations of 25,000 ppm and higher. Because of kidney lesions, bone marrow responses, and body weight effects at 12,500 ppm and higher and increased deaths and clinical signs at 25,000 and 50,000 ppm, dietary concentrations selected for male and female rats in the 2-year studies were 0, 3,100, and 6,300 ppm. Based on clinical signs, kidney effects, and body weight decreases at 25,000 and 50,000 ppm, dietary concentrations selected for male and female mice in the 2-year studies were 0, 6,300, and 12,500 ppm. Diets containing the chemical at these concentrations were fed to groups of 50 male and 50 female rats and 50 male and 50 female mice for 103 weeks. Body Weight and Survival in the Two-Year Studies: Mean body weights of dosed rats were generally 8%-17% lower than those of controls, and mean body weights of dosed mice were generally 5%-22% lower than those of controls throughout the studies. The average amount of a-methyldopa sesquihydrate consumed per day was approximately 110-120 or 230-240 mg/kg per day by low and high dose rats and 830-890 or 1,760-1,800 mg/kg by low and high dose mice. Survival was comparable among dosed and control groups (male rats: control, 28/50; low dose, 26/50; high dose, 27/50; female rats: 35/50; 34/50; 29/50; male mice: 44/50; 42/50; 39/50; female mice: 42/50; 40/50; 38/50). Clinical signs considered to be dose-related included fighting in male rats, irritability in male mice, and rough hair coats in female mice. Nonneoplastic and Neoplasle rats, irritability in male mice, and rough hair coats in female mice. Nonneoplastic and Neoplastic Effects in the Two-Year Studies: Several lesions of the forestomach, including edema, chronic inflammation, epithelial hyperplasia, and ulcers, were seen at low incidences in high dose rats. No forestomach neoplasms occurred. No neoplastic lesions were observed in either male or female rats which were considered related to a-methyldopa sesquihydrate exposure. Nephropathy (control, 3/50; low dose, 21/50; high dose, 32/50), karyomegaly (nuclear enlargement) of cells of the tubular epithelium (0/50; 46/50; 44/50, and cysts (2/50; 10/50; 10/50) were observed in the kidney of dosed female mice. Low incidences of tubular cell hyperplasia (0/50; 1/50; 1/50), tubular cell adenomas (0/50; 2/50; 0/50), and tubular cell adenocarcinomas (0/50; 0/50; 1/50) were observed in male mice. Tubular cell adenomas (3/2,029, 0.15%) and tubular cell adenocarcinomas (3/2,029, 0.15%)are uncommon in untreated control male B6C3F1 mice. No neoplastic lesions in female mice were considered related to a-methyldopa sesquihydrate exposure. Decreased incidences of several site-specific neoplasms were observed in dosed rats and mice; these decreases might have been due in part to decreased weight gain in dosed groups. The decreases occurred in the adrenal medulla of male rats (pheochromocytomas or malignant pheochromocytomas, combined: 21/49; 3/49; 10/50), uterus of female rats (endometrial stromal polyps: 15/50; 5/49; 1/50), liver of male and female mice (hepatocellular adenomas or carcinomas, combined-- male: 15/50; 5/50; 6/50; female: 4/50; 1/50; 0/50), and anterior pituitary gland of female mice (adenoma: 9/49; 4/40; 2/50). The incidences of malignant tumors (male: 19/50; 9/50; 8/50; female: 21/50; 16/50; 12/50) and benign or malignant tumors (combined) (male: 32/50; 15/50; 17/50; female: 33/50; 22/50; 21/50) were reduced in dosed mice. Reproductive Studies: a-Methyldopa sesquihydrate was administered to male F344/N rats in corn oil by gavage 5 days per week for 65 days at doses of 0, 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg. Decreased body weight was seen in dosed animals. Male rats were mated to untreated female F344/N rats on days 57-61, necropsies were performed on days 65-67, and reproductive toxicity was measured by sperm count, sperm motility, organ weights, hormone levels, and histologic evaluation of the testis. Decreased fertility was observed in males dosed with a-methyldopa sesquihydrate at 200 and 400 mg/kg. Decreases were also seen in sperm count, sperm motility, apparent number of late spermatids, and plasma testosterone levels in males in the 200 and 400 mg/kg groups. This alteration of reproductive function in male rats was found to be reversible after a 13-week recovery period (without dosing). The decreased fertility observed after a-methyldopa sesquihydrate administration was probably due in part to the decreases in plasma testosterone levels. Genetic Toxicity: a-Methyldopa sesquihydrate was not mutagenic when tested with or without exogenous metabolic activation with a preincubation protocol in four strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA97, TA98, TA100, or TA1535). No increase in chromosomal aberrations or sister chromatid exchanges was observed in Chinese hamsterovary (CHO) cells exposed to a-methyldopa sesquihydrate with or without S9. Audit: The data, documents, and pathology materials from the 2-year studies of a-methyldopa sesquihydrate have been audited. The audit findings show that the conduct of the studies is documented adequately and support the data and results given in this Technical Report. Conclusions: Under the conditions of these 2-year feed studies, there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of a-methyldopa sesquihydrate for male or female F344/N rats fed diets containing 3,100 or 6,300 ppm. There was equivocal evidence of carcinogenic activity of a-methyldopa sesquihydrate for male B6C3F1 mice, as shown by three dosed mice having uncommon tubular cell tumors of the kidney. There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of a -methyldopa sesquihydrate for female B6C3F1 mice fed diets containing 6,300 or 12,500 ppm. Nonneoplastic lesions of the kidney including karyomegaly were observed in dosed female mice. Decreased incidences of several tumor types (in the adrenal gland in male rats, uterus in female rats, liver in male and female mice, and anterior pituitary gland in female mice) were considered related to a-methyldopa sesquihydrate exposure. Synonyms for a-Methyldopa or a-Methyldopa sesquihydrate: 3-hydroxy-a-methyl-L-tyrosine sesquihydrate; L-(a-MD); a-methyl-L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; L(-)-b-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-a -methylalanine; L-(-)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylalanine; L-a-methyl-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; a-methyl-b-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine; L-(-)-a-methyl-b-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)alanine; (-)-methyldopa; L-methyldopa; L-a-methyldopa; a-methyl-L-dopa Trade Names for a-Methyldopa or a-Methyldopa sesquihydrate: Aldomet; Aldometil; Aldomin; a-Medopa; AMD; Bayer 1440 L; Baypresol; Dopamet; Dopatec; Dopegyt; Hyperpax; Medomet; Medopren; Methoplain; MK. B51; MK-351; Presinol; Presolisin; Sedometil; Sembrina
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PMID:NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of alpha-Methyldopa Sesquihydrate (CAS No. 41372-08-1) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies). 1270 36

A female, stray crossbreed dog, approximately four years old, was presented for routine spaying during a charity neutering programme in Romania. On clinical examination the bitch was lethargic and pyrexic (40.6 degrees C), but no other signs of illness were detected. Laparotomy revealed an enlarged uterus, severed at the cervix, with no communication to the vagina. Abdominal inspection showed an apparently normal, ligated vaginal stump. An ovariohysterectomy was performed and the dog was treated with a seven-day course of netilmicine. It subsequently made a full recovery.
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PMID:Pyometra in a bitch following unusual sterilisation. 1568 40

A condition resembling chronic malignant catarrhal fever was seen in a 9-month-old pet sika hind (Cervus nippon). From an initial acute depression, pyrexia, and anorexia, the condition progressed to include hypopyon, keratitis, lethargy, loss of condition, sloughing of one hoof and eventually death after seven weeks. There were multiple, 5 to 8mm diameter dark-red nodules throughout the mesenteries and mediastinum, along abdominal organ ligaments, and about the uterus and kidneys. Histopathology showed the nodules to be organising vascular thrombi. Concurrent perivascular mononuclear infiltrations and intravascular thrombi in many tissues confirmed that the condition was malignant catarrhal fever.
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PMID:Chronic malignant catarrhal fever: a case in a sika deer (Cervus nippon). 1603 Sep 5

A postpartum mare and foal were presented for evaluation of fever and lethargy in the mare. The mare was diagnosed with endometritis and initially responded well to treatment. On the second day of hospitalization, the mare developed renal insufficiency characterized by oliguria, azotemia, hemolysis, and thrombocytopenia. Concurrently, the foal developed rapidly progressive central nervous system signs culminating in refractory seizures. Both animals failed to respond to treatment and were euthanized. Thrombotic microangiopathy involving glomeruli was evident on microscopic examination of the mare's kidneys. Microscopic evidence of brain edema was the principal postmortem finding in the foal. No specific etiology was confirmed in either case. Notably, Escherichia coli 0103:H2 was isolated from the mare's uterus and the gastrointestinal tracts of both animals. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report in which an organism implicated as a cause of hemolytic-uremic syndrome was isolated from an animal with clinical signs and postmortem findings consistent with the disease.
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PMID:Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in a postpartum mare concurrent with encephalopathy in the neonatal foal. 1831 42


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