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Query: UMLS:C0023241 (Legionella)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Legionnaires' disease bacterium in tissue does not readily react with the Gram stain but can be seen by other stains and direct immunofluorescence. It is a slow-growing, aerobic, gram-negative rod that can be cultivated over a narrow temperature range on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented either with complex biological mixtures or certain ferric salts and cysteine. The bacterium produces unique, branched-chain fatty acids, catalase, oxidase (weakly), and gelatinase and uses starch while ignoring other carbohydrates. Pigment production is related to tyrosine in the medium. In-vitro studies suggest susceptibility to all antibiotics except vancomycin, but a class 1 beta-lactamase has been demonstrated. Analysis of DNA confirmed the unrelatedness of this bacterium to previously recognized prokaryotes. Diagnosis of the disease has depended largely on serologic test findings and the demonstration of the bacterium in tissue and, occasionally, on isolation. Additional, simpler, and more rapid diagnostic tests should soon be available.
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PMID:Microbiology of Legionnaires' disease bacterium. 8 12

The results of serologic, cultural, and DNA relatedness studies have shown that the Legionnaires' disease (LD) bacterium and an unclassified agent isolated in 1947 are the same species. Both organisms grew on charcoal-yeast extract agar, enriched Mueller-Hinton agar, and F-G agar, but neither grew on blood agar, trypticase soy agar, or in thioglycollate broth. Both agents reacted with convalescent sera from patients with Legionnaires' disease and convalescent sera from guinea pigs infected experimentally with the LD bacterium. The percentage of guanine plus cytosine in DNA preparations from each organism was ascertained by thermal denaturation to be 39%. In DNA hybridization reactions the 1947 isolate showed the same degree of relatedness to Philadelphia 1 strain of the LD bacterium as did three recent isolates of the bacterium. The LD bacterium was also shown to be antigenically related to another unclassified organism isolated in 1959.
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PMID:Legionnaires' disease bacterium isolated in 1947. 37 48

A bacterium with growth characteristics similar to, but genetically distinct from, either Legionella pneumophila or WIGA (a "rickettsia-like agent") was obtained from a postmortem lung specimen of a patient with fatal atypical pneumonia at the M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute in Houston, Texas. This bacterium and WIGA have essentially the same cellular fatty acid composition, which is distinct from that of L. pneumophila. Deoxyribonucleic acid-reletadness studies show that the isolate from Texas is only about 10% related to both L. pneumophila and WIGA and there fore may represent a new species. This new bacterium should be considered in selecting laboratory procedures in the diagnosis of atypical pneumonia.
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PMID:A newly identified bacterium phenotypically resembling, but genetically distinct from, Legionella pneumophila: an isolate in a case of pneumonia. 39 Nov 15

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) relatedness was used to classify strains of the Legionnaires' disease (LD) bacterium. These DNA comparisons showed that all strains of the LD bacterium were members of the same species. Included were strains isolated from the environment and strains with three different O-antigens. The DNA from the LD bacterium was not significantly related to DNA from any other group of bacteria that was tested. Biochemical data, growth characteristics, and guanine-plus-cytosine ratios were used to rule out the possibility that the LD bacterium was significantly related to members of genera whose DNA was not tested. In view of these data we propose that the LD bacterium be named Legionella pneumophila species nova, the type species of Legionella, genus novum. The type strain of L. pneumophila is Philadelphia 1.
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PMID:Classification of the Legionnaires' disease bacterium: Legionella pneumophila, genus novum, species nova, of the family Legionellaceae, familia nova. 43 52

Legionnaire's disease (LD) has been responsible for the death of many patients in several outbreaks in the United States and abroad. The Legionnaire's bacterium is still unclassified. Deoxyribonucleic acid studies of its genes have not yet found a near relative. A case of a 63-year-old man who had a total larynegectomy for cancer of the larynx is reported. He had an extensive postoperative pneumonia, secondary to LD. The diagnosis was made while the patient was alive, but he died on the 35th hospital day in spite of erythromycin treatment.
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PMID:A fatal case of Legionnaire's disease following a total laryngectomy. 49 1

Twenty-two red-autofluorescent Legionella strains were identified serologically as either Legionella rubrilucens or L. erythra. A rRNA probe was used for restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the strains and the patterns generated were used as an additional method of identifying the strains to species level. In two instances strains which were identified as L. rubrilucens by serology appeared to belong to the species L. erythra by RFLP analysis. This apparent contradiction was resolved by measurements of DNA/DNA homology which confirmed the existence of a second serogroup of L. erythra serologically indistinguishable from L. rubrilucens.
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PMID:A second serogroup of Legionella erythra serologically indistinguishable from Legionella rubrilucens. 134 11

A 16S rRNA gene of the obligate intracellular bacterial parasite Sarcobium lyticum was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction in combination with site-specific primers. The amplified DNA was cloned, sequenced and compared with other bacterial 16S rRNA sequences. The analysis revealed that S. lyticum belongs to the gamma subclass of the Proteobacteria and shows the closest relationship to an intracellular Legionella species recovered by amoebal enrichment from the sputum of a patient with pneumonia. S. lyticum could be detected in situ with a fluorescent oligonucleotide probe by whole cell hybridization.
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PMID:The phylogenetic status of Sarcobium lyticum, an obligate intracellular bacterial parasite of small amoebae. 138 81

A Legionella-like organism, strain 1677-MI-H, was isolated from the bronchoscopy washings of a patient with pneumonia who had a 2-year history of progressive, chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The growth characteristics, cellular fatty acids, and ubiquinone content of the isolate were consistent with those for Legionella spp. The isolate was serologically distinct in the slide agglutination test with absorbed antisera. DNA hybridization studies showed that strain 1677-MI-H (ATCC 49751) represents a new Legionella species which is named Legionella lansingensis.
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PMID:Legionella lansingensis sp. nov. isolated from a patient with pneumonia and underlying chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 140 Oct 5

Modified microdilution plate hybridization was used for genetic identification of 25 Legionella species. The cell wall of the isolate was broken down by glass beads. And the DNA was extracted, labeled photo-reactive biotin, and hybridized with reference DNAs immobilized in microdilution wells. Hybridized DNAs were detected by colormetric method. Each type strain of 25 Legionella species was clearly differentiated by this method. Among 103 clinical and environmental Legionella strains, 97 strains were genetically identified by this method. 60 strains were identified as the same species as by the conventional method. Concerned with ten strains that had been serologically identified as L. bozemanii, two strains isolated from the human lung were genetically identified as L. bozemanii, but the remaining environmental 8 strains were identified as L. anisa. Among the 35 strains of legionellae that had been unidentified at species level, by physiological and serological tests, 27 strains were genetically identified as L. pneumophila, 1 strains as L. feeleii, and another, as L. anisa, but 6 strains were not identified. We found that three strains among the 6 strains belong to a single species of genus Legionella other than the 25 reference species used in this study.
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PMID:[Genetic identification of 25 Legionella species by modified microdilution plate hybridization, and its evaluation with isolated strains]. 140 61

Identification of six Legionella species, which we previously identified by serological test as Legionella bozemanii (L. bozemanii), was performed by DNA-DNA hybridization using a commercial DNA-DNA hybridization kit (Kobayashi Pharm. Co., Japan) introduced by Ezaki et al. All strains were identified as Legionella anisa (L. anisa), this being the first identification of L. anisa in Japan. Conventional laboratory tests were performed following the DNA-DNA hybridization. In this study the results of biochemical examination obtained, corresponded closely with those described in previous reports, but the oxidase reaction was very weak and varied according to the age of the culture, indicating the unreliability of this test in our case. All strains examined under long wave ultraviolet (UV) light (366 nm) revealed a blue-white fluorescence, the intensity of which ranged from strong to weak. Serological identifications were performed by both the slide agglutination test (SAT) and indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA). SAT using commercially available antiserum (Denka Seiken., Japan) supposedly specific for L. bozemanii showed cross-reaction between L. bozemanii and L. anisa. Hyperimmune rabbit antisera prepared in this study for both L. bozemanii and L. anisa, from which cross-reactive antibodies were removed by the absorption of each antigen, reacted only with homologous antigens. IFA using a commercially available antiserum and hyperimmune rabbit antiserum previously described, gave positive reactions with each strain.
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PMID:Misleading serological identification of Legionella anisa as Legionella bozemanii. 140 75


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