Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023241 (Legionella)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spiramycin is a 16-membered macrolide that has been shown in cell and animal models to be active against Legionella spp. The activity of the injectable form of spiramycin was evaluated in the treatment of severe Legionnaires' disease in seven immunocompromised and three previously healthy patients. Seven of the ten patients were cured. Three patients died primarily from the underlying disease or from intercurrent complications. This result and the better tolerance of spiramycin compared with 14-membered macrolides suggest that spiramycin may be a suitable alternative to erythromycin for the treatment of Legionnaires' disease.
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PMID:Efficacy of intravenous spiramycin in the treatment of severe Legionnaires' disease. 318 41

The effect of preventive and curative spiramycin therapy was studied in guinea pigs infected by aerosol with the experimental model previously tested. The infectious aerosol was obtained from a virulent strain of Legionella pneumophila (Philadelphia ATCC 33 152). Male guinea pigs (Dunkin-Hartley) weighing 250-300 g were exposed for 30 min to an aerosol of 1 or 10 LD50 (10(3) or 10(4) viable inhaled organisms). Spiramycin was administered intraperitoneally (150 mg/kg/day) 18 h after infection for five days for curative therapy; for preventive therapy it was administered on the day before and on the day of aerosol administration (10 LD50). The animals were observed during seven days for weight and temperature and 28 days for survival; bacterial (lungs, spleen) and serological tests were performed. Spiramycin levels (lungs, serum) were evaluated during treatment by a microbiological method. The survival rate in the treated guinea pigs after inhalation of 1 LD50 was 100%. For the 10 LD50 aerosol, curative and preventive therapy gave a survival rate of 87.5%; these results are significant when compared with results of non-treated animals, P less than 0.05. Spiramycin merits further study in experimental and human legionellosis.
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PMID:Efficacy of spiramycin on experimental airborne legionellosis in guinea pigs. 318 47

Spiramycin was compared with erythromycin in a guinea pig model of severe Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 infection. Male guinea pigs weighting 264-321 g were infected by the intraperitoneal route with 1.2 x 10(7) virulent L. pneumophila serogroup 1. Forty eight h after infection, animals that had lost greater than or equal to 9% of their body weight were randomly assigned to receive 48, 54 and 72 h after infection intraperitoneal injections of (1) distilled water (n = 20), (2) erythromycin lactobionate, 30 mg/kg per injection, (n = 22) or (3) the injectable form of spiramycin adipate, 30 mg/kg per injection (n = 22). Animals were observed daily for 15 days. All infected animals treated with distilled water died within four days of infection. Of the 22 animals treated with spiramycin, 10 (45.5%) died, and of the 22 animals treated with erythromycin, 11 (50.0%) died of disseminated L. pneumophila infection. In this animal model of very severe L. pneumophila infection, the injectable forms of erythromycin and of spiramycin gave similar results. Spiramycin should therefore be considered for the treatment of Legionnaires' disease in man.
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PMID:Comparison of spiramycin and erythromycin in the treatment of experimental guinea pig legionellosis. 318 48