Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023241 (Legionella)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Yolk sac suspensions infected with the Legionnaires disease bacterium (LDB) were plated onto 17 different bacteriological agar media. The LDB grew only on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 1% Iso Vitale X and 1% hemoglobin (MH-IH). This medium was subsequently analyzed to determine the components required to support growth of the LDB. L-Cysteine hydrochloride can replace the Iso Vitale X reagent, and soluble ferric pyrophosphate can replace hemoglobin. A new medium, F-G agar, was formulated incorporating these chemicals. Different cultures conditions (oxygen tension, temperature, and pH) were also evaluated. The LDB grew optimally at 35 degrees C under 2.5% CO2 on the F-G agar adjusted to pH 6.9. When infected tissues were inoculated onto both F-G agar and MH-IH, the F-G agar produced colonies of the LDB more rapidly and in greater numbers than did MH-IH.
J Clin Microbiol 1978 Sep
PMID:Primary isolation media for Legionnaires disease bacterium. 2 11

Antisera and fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugates prepared for five strains of the Legionnaires bacteria were tested in both homologous and heterologous staining reactions with 10 isolates of the organism from patients in seven geographic areas. The strains were related but not identical as judged by the results of direct immunofluorescence staining. The conjugates were successfully used to detect Legionnaires disease bacteria in Formalin-fixed lung scrapings, in histological sections, and in fresh lung tissue obtained at biopsy or autopsy. In addition, the labeled antibodies are valuable for staining suspected cultures of the bacterium and for searching for the source of these organisms in soil, water, and other environmental niches. The reagents are highly specific for detecting the Legionnaires organism in clinical specimens.
J Clin Microbiol 1978 Sep
PMID:Detection of Legionnaires disease bacteria by direct immunofluorescent staining. 35 94

A female patient presented at the end of a holiday cruise with the pneumonitis of Legionnaires' disease. The radiographic appearance was indistinguishable from any other cause of air-space consolidation.
J Can Assoc Radiol 1979 Sep
PMID:Legionnaires' disease in Vancouver. 46 81

Mycoplasmal pneumonia, tularemic pneumonia, Q fever pneumonia, psittacosis, and Legionnaires' disease are the most frequently encountered treatable atypical pneumonias. Mycoplasmal pneumonia, the most common, is often accompanied by nonexudative pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, or otitis. The nonproductive cough is characteristic. Tularemic pneumonia is characterized by substernal chest pain, bloody pleural effusion, and bilateral hilar adenopathy. Although the clinical presentation is mild, roentgenographic findings are impressive. Q fever pneumonia resembles psittacosis but is less serious; it may be accompanied by subacute bacterial endocarditis, hepatitis, or both. Psittacosis is characterized by prominent headache, bloody sputum, and relative bradycardia. Tetracycline is the drug of choice for either. In Legionnaires' disease, pneumonia is accompanied by prominent extrapulmonary symptoms. The most important diagnostic clues include diarrhea and mental confusion. Relative bradycardia and laboratory abnormalities are also helpful. Erythromycin is the drug of choice unless doubt exists as to the diagnosis.
Postgrad Med 1979 Sep
PMID:The atypical pneumonias: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach. 47 55

The cellular fatty acid composition of OLDA, a rickettsia-like agent isolated in 1947, was essentially identical to that of the Legionnaires disease bacterium (LDB). WIGA, another rickettsia-like agent isolated in 1959, contained the same fatty acids as OLDA and other LDB but differed significantly from these strains in relative amounts of the major acids present. The major acid of OLDA and other LDB was i-16:0 whereas a-15:0 was the major acid of WIGA.
J Clin Microbiol 1979 Sep
PMID:Cellular fatty acid composition of WIGA, a rickettsia-like agent similar to the Legionnaires disease bacterium. 48 28

The cases of six patients with Philadelphia Legionnaires' disease were studied during the acute phase and throughout the following year. This multisystems disease process developed abruptly with symptoms of chills, fever, myalgias, and headache. The unusual clinical association of fever with relative bradycardia was noted frequently. Pneumonia developed after the first few days and rapidly progressed to life-threatening respiratory failure despite penicillin and cephalosporin therapy. Improvement occurred within 48 hours after tetracycline or chloramphenicol was administered. No permament sequelae were noted on the one-year follow-up examination, and no secondary cases of infection occurred.
JAMA 1978 Sep 08
PMID:Legionnaires' disease. Clinical findings and one-year follow-up. 68 92

Twenty-four cases of Legionnaires' disease were diagnosed at the Wadsworth Veterans Administration Hospital during a 5-month period. All cases occurred in persons exposed to the hospital environment during the usual incubation period of Legionnaires' disease. The clinical illness was quite characteristic. All patients complained of weakness, malaise, anorexia, and cough. Rigors, diarrhea, and pleuritic pain were frequent symptoms. All patients had a maximum temperature of greater than or equal to 39.4 degrees C. Thirteen of 22 patients had relative bradycardia. Chest roentgenograms documented pneumonia in all patients. Leukocytosis, hyponatremia, hypophosphatemia, and abnormal liver-function test results were typical. Diagnosis was made by serologic criteria in 20 patients, postmortem examination of tissue in two, and both serology and tissue examination in two. Four patients in whom the disease was not suspected died of Legionnaires' disease. One patient died of unrelated causes. Fifteen of 19 survivors received erythromycin therapy. The presentation of Legionnaires' disease was characteristic enough to allow early, specific therapy.
Ann Intern Med 1978 Sep
PMID:Legionnaires' disease: clinical features of 24 cases. 68 39

The pathology and histology are reported of five Scots who died of severe pneumonic illnesses after holidays in Spain, three in 1973 and two in 1977. There is strong evidence in favour of all the deaths having been due to the newly discovered Legionnaires' disease (LD) agent. The agent (or its soluble antigen) has been visualised in sections of lung tissue by fluorescent-antibody tests in all cases, and the agent has been identified by the Dieterle silver staining method in small numbers in all cases. Serological testing was possible in three of the patients, and two had very high antibody titres against the LD agent. Apart from the extensive and severe nature of the pathological process there is no feature to distinguish pulmonary infection by this agent from that due to more commonly known bacteria capable of causing lobar pneumonia. The severity and extensive nature of the process is partly a reflection of neglect in seeking treatment until late in the infection, and partly a reflection, as revealed in retrospect, on the use of the wrong antibiotic combination during treatment. Erythromycin has been recommended by other workers as the drug of choice against the LD agent. Infection by this organism is not confined to the USA or to Spain and is indigenous also in the United Kingdom.
J Clin Pathol 1978 Sep
PMID:Pathology of five Scottish deaths from pneumonic illnesses acquired in Spain due to Legionnaires' disease agent. 71 9

The antimicrobial activities of two investigational fluoroquinolones (CI-960 and E4695) were compared with those of five similar compounds and four comparison drugs against 103 strains of Legionella pneumophila and five other Legionella species type strains. When concentrations inhibiting 90% of strains tested (MIC90s) for L. pneumophila were determined, CI-960 and temafloxacin emerged as the most active (0.015 microgram/ml) and were followed in potency by E4695 (0.03 microgram/ml). This activity was two- to fourfold greater than that of the reference drug, ciprofloxacin, and approached that of rifampin (MIC90, 0.008 microgram/ml). All fluoroquinolones studied were more active than erythromycin (MIC90, 0.5 microgram/ml). These two investigational fluoroquinolones appear well suited for further in vivo study of legionellosis therapy.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992 Sep
PMID:Antimicrobial activities of two investigational fluoroquinolones (CI-960 and E4695) against over 100 Legionella sp. isolates. 132 42

The relationship between serogroup and genotype of Legionella pneumophila strains was investigated by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) typing with a previously standardised method. Of the 51 RFLP types identified, 19 comprised strains of more than one serogroup. Several RFLP types included strains of five or more serogroups. To determine if sharing the same RFLP type indicates that strains are genotypically indistinguishable or merely that they are superficially similar, 31 strains were selected for further analysis with an extended range of restriction endonucleases and nucleic acid probes. In some cases, strains of a particular RFLP type were indistinguishable, while in others the restriction fragment patterns showed minor differences. It is possible that in the latter case the strains are diverging representatives of a parent clone. We conclude that analysis of restriction fragment patterns, either probed or unprobed, provides a more accurate measure of the ancestral relationship between strains than can be obtained with serological methods.
J Med Microbiol 1992 Sep
PMID:Further evidence that genotypically closely related strains of Legionella pneumophila can express different serogroup specific antigens. 135 63


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