Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023241 (Legionella)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although animal models of infection are associated with certain limitations in interpretation, properly performed studies provide important information for evaluating the efficacy of new antimicrobial agents in the treatment of human disease. The antibacterial efficacy of the newer quinolones, particularly ciprofloxacin, has undergone extensive evaluation in several animal models. Efficacy has been demonstrated in animal models of pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis, skin and soft-tissue infections, septic arthritis, burn wound sepsis, empyema, intra-abdominal abscess, osteomyelitis, prostatitis, sinusitis, urinary tract infection, chronic gastroenteritis, granuloma pouch infection, and Pseudomonas septicemia. More recent studies have evaluated the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in animal models of tuberculosis and syphilis, as well as in infections caused by the intracellular pathogens Salmonella typhimurium, Legionella pneumophila, and Listeria monocytogenes.
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PMID:An update on the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in animal models of infection. 258 79

Bacteria recently recognized as nosocomial pathogens generally fall into three categories: those that grow slowly, those that are fastidious in their nutritional or atmospheric requirements and those that resemble commensals. Each characteristic has contributed to the delay in perceiving their importance. Mycobacterium chelonei and Myco. fortuitum--which grow slowly, although characterized as "rapid-growing" mycobacteria--cause sternal osteomyelitis, pericarditis and endocarditis after cardiac surgery as well as other wound infections after many types of surgery. Myco. chelonei-like organisms have been found to cause "sterile" peritonitis in patients receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis. Legionella pneumophila and L. micdadei are fastidious bacteria that were more difficult to detect because they stain poorly with the Gram method. They cause pneumonia and lung abscess, especially in immunocompromised people. Clostridium difficile is an anaerobe that causes toxin-mediated pseudomembranous colitis in persons given antibiotics that inhibit competing gut bacteria. Chylamydia trachomatis, an intracellular organism that has not been grown in vitro, causes pneumonia and conjunctivitis in young infants who acquire the organism from their mothers at birth. Group JK bacteria cause septicemia in patients whose immune responses have been suppressed and must be distinguished from "diphtheroid" contaminants in blood cultures. Clinicians, microbiologists and epidemiologists must be alert to the characteristics of these organisms that make them easily overlooked and should also anticipate the existence of other bacteria not yet identified.
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PMID:Bacteria newly recognized as nosocomial pathogens. 700 90

Fluoroquinolones have a broad spectrum of activity against gram-positive, gram-negative, and mycobacterial organisms as well as anaerobes, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Ureaplasma, and Legionella spp. They have excellent oral bioavailability, with good tissue penetration, and long elimination half-lives. The experience with fluoroquinolones in paediatrics has been limited because of concerns about arthropathy, based on findings in animal models. However, there has not been a definitive fluoroquinolone-associated case of arthropathy described in the literature. We believe that there are a number of specific paediatric infections in which the clinical efficacy and tolerability of the fluoroquinolones should be further investigated. These include patients with cystic fibrosis who have repeated infections with Pseudomonas spp., patients with pseudomonal and other gram-negative infections such as urinary tract infections and osteomyelitis, and febrile neutropenic patients. Meningeal infections caused by multiple drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and gram-negative organisms, gastroenteritis due to enteric pathogens, and mycobacterial infections are other potential conditions where fluoroquinolones should be studied in paediatric patients.
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PMID:Fluoroquinolones in paediatrics. 1055 4

A patient with risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus, corticosteroid use, and malignancy received a diagnosis of concomitant pneumonia and osteomyelitis caused by Legionella longbeachae. In this report, the first description of Legionella osteomyelitis, previous cases of extrapulmonary Legionella infection are detailed.
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PMID:Pneumonia and osteomyelitis due to Legionella longbeachae in a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus. 1515 2

A 51-year-old man with a history of stage IV angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma was diagnosed with osteomyelitis of the patella. Legionella anisa was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and culture. The patient had pneumonia 2 months prior to this osteomyelitis episode. L. anisa was retrospectively detected in his lung tissue by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and was considered the source of the L. anisa that caused his patella osteomyelitis.
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PMID:Osteomyelitis of the patella caused by Legionella anisa. 2376 Nov 41