Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023241 (Legionella)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serogroup-specificity of Legionella pneumophila is related to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and few cross-reactions between serogroups have been observed with rabbit or monkey antisera. C57BL/6 mice were sequentially immunized with crude outer membrane fractions of L. pneumophila serogroups 1, 5, and 7, Legionella bozemanii, and Legionella micdadei. Spleen cells from these mice were then fused with the Sp2-0/Ag14 mouse myeloma cell line. Outer membrane-rich fractions and LPS were prepared from L. pneumophila serogroups 1 to 8 and other Legionella and non-Legionella species. Immunoblots of these extracts were performed with monoclonal antibody obtained from these fusions. One of these monoclonal antibodies recognized an epitope common to all tested serogroups of L. pneumophila and attached to the major constituent of the outer membrane, LPS. This antibody did not react with other Legionella species and numerous gram-negative rods other than Pseudomonas fluorescens CDC93. This monoclonal antibody may be useful in preliminary identification of L. pneumophila as an alternative to direct fluorescent-antibody testing.
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PMID:Common epitope on the lipopolysaccharide of Legionella pneumophila recognized by a monoclonal antibody. 245 35

Legionellae are widely spread in natural and man-made habitats. In many instances contaminated tap water has been linked to sporadic or endemic cases of human pulmonary infections, but it is not known why, in spite of frequent occurrence, legionellae only rarely cause disease. Monoclonal antibodies against Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (Philadelphia 1) were prepared in order to distinguish between subtypes of this serogroup. Balb/c mice were immunized i.v. three times with heat inactivated bacteria. Antibody formation was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique using peroxidase-conjugated antimouse IgG. Spleen cells were then fused with NS-1 myeloma cells and cloned by limiting dilution. Four monoclonal antibodies were studied in detail. The study included 47 strains of L. pneumophila: 19 strains were of human origin and 28 were isolated from different environmental sources. Most were from tap water, but none from natural habitats. All strains belonged to serogroup 1 as defined by direct immunofluorescence (DFA) using monospecific FITC-labelled polyclonal antisera from rabbits. The strains were further characterized by beta-lactamase production, activity of catalase, oxidase and proteases, analysis of ubiquinones, and demonstration of membrane protein patterns by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A strong homogenicity between all the strains could be revealed by these methods independent of their origin. One of the monoclonal antibodies (B-1) was able to distinguish between human and environmental isolates. Eighteen of the 19 human strains reacted very strongly in DFA using antimouse immunoglobulin. No reaction, however, was seen with all of the environmental strains. Immunoblots were performed for characterization of the distinguishing feature using membrane complexes of all strains on nitrocellulose strips. The blots were incubated with antibody B-1, and immune complexes were detected by 125I-protein A. Broad intense blackening was seen between 22 and 70 kilodalton. This result suggests that no single protein, but rather a smaller component such as an oligosaccharide attached to constituents of different molecular weights, might be responsible for the discriminating reaction.
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PMID:Discrimination between clinical and environmental strains of Legionella pneumophila by a monoclonal antibody. 353 65

Four monoclonal antibodies to Legionella pneumophila Philadelphia 1 were produced by the fusion of immunized BALB/c lymphocytes to a murine myeloma cell line. Two (Lp1-1 and Lp1-3) of the four monoclonal antibodies reacted with 14 L. pneumophila serogroup 1 strains, and the other (Lp1-2 and Lp1-4) reacted with only three out of 20 strains tested. These four monoclonal antibodies did not bind to any strains of L. pneumophila serogroup 2-7 and other Legionella species. In addition, it has been shown that these monoclonal antibodies may be useful not only for subserotyping of L. pneumophila but also for retrospective diagnosis using immunopathological methods.
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PMID:Production of monoclonal antibodies against Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. 389 41

Monoclonal antibodies directed against Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 to 6 were produced by fusing splenocytes of BALB/c mice with the Sp 2/0-Ag14 or the NSO mouse myeloma cell lines. Specificity of these antibodies was determined by indirect fluorescent-antibody staining: 8 reacted with L. pneumophila serogroup 1 and, respectively, 13, 6, 6, 5, and 10 reacted with serogroups 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6; all except 5 were serogroup specific, and none presented cross-reactions with six other species of Legionellaceae. Serogroup determination of 35 isolates of L. pneumophila with seven selected monoclonal antibodies resulted in correct serogrouping in all instances; a pool of the same seven monoclonal antibodies stained intensely all strains of L. pneumophila without any staining of the other species of Legionellaceae. When 24 serogroup 1 isolates of L. pneumophila were stained with eight serogroup 1-specific monoclonal antibodies, the staining patterns could be clustered in five distinct groups. These hybridomas thus represent an unlimited source of standard reagent that could be used in the detection and serogrouping of L. pneumophila; differences in staining patterns could be used as epidemiological markers for these bacteria.
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PMID:Serogrouping and subtyping of Legionella pneumophila with monoclonal antibodies. 635 48

Hybridoma-producing monoclonal antibodies against Legionella pneumophila were produced by the fusion of nonsecreting mouse myeloma cells (NS-1) with splenocytes of BALB/c mice immunized by heat-killed L. pneumophila of serogroup I. Of 96 wells, 85 produced clones, of which 28 were positive as measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Ten of the hybridoma supernatants, remaining positive after 2 months of culture, were tested against the other Legionella serogroups and the atypical strains. None showed significant cross-reaction. Six of the positive clones were subcloned by limiting dilution, and two subclones were put into ascites in BALB/c mice. The monoclonal antibody obtained from the II-6-18 subclone was of the gamma-3 isotype. In this report, we describe the conditions for the use of this monoclonal antibody as a diagnostic tool for the detection of serogroup I L. pneumophila.
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PMID:Characterization, serological specificity, and diagnostic possibilities of monoclonal antibodies against Legionella pneumophila. 663 Apr 63

Mouse hybridomas were isolated by fusing P3-X63-Ag 8.653 myeloma cells with spleen cells from mice that had been repeatedly immunized with Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 organisms. In one fusion, three independent hybridoma cultures which secreted antibodies that reacted with the immunizing strain in the indirect immunofluorescent-antibody test were selected for cloning. Representative continuously growing clones, one of each hybridoma, which remained stable in producing high-titer antibodies were examined in detail. Extensive specificity tests revealed that these hybridoma-derived monoclonal antibodies were specifically directed against L. pneumophila serogroup 1 organisms and showed no cross-reactions in the indirect immunofluorescent-antibody test either with the other known serogroups of L. pneumophila or with other unrelated bacterial species. The three monoclonal antibodies F4/CB5/K18, F/4CB5/K104, and F4/JD3.8/K101 belonged to the immunoglobulin M class and were capable of agglutinating serogroup 1 organisms of L. pneumophila exquisitely. These monoclonal antibodies against L. pneumophila with defined fine specificity should enable purification and subsequent analysis of the corresponding antigenic determinant(s) and can also be used for the preparation of unlimited supplies of standard diagnostic reagents for the identification of L. pneumophila in the tissues and body fluids.
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PMID:Hybridoma-derived monoclonal immunoglobulin M antibodies to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 with diagnostic potential. 687 13

The monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against lipopolysaccharide of virulent strain of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 were produced. Three most productive hybrid clones (5F4, 5F10 and 2C9) were selected from fusions of mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice, immunized with bacterial outer membrane antigens. All generated clones were IgG-secreting. The MAbs had narrow strain specificity and showed no cross-reactions with other unrelated bacterial species. These antibodies were tested in sandwich ELISA. The results suggest that the MAbs could be used for diagnostic purposes.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies directed against lipopolysaccharide of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. 976 15

Recently, empirical therapy has been recommended for severe community-acquired pneumonia. We report the case of a 68-year-old prednisone-treated man with multiple myeloma who developed a fatal pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila and Listeria monocytogenes confirmed by immunohistochemistry on postmortem lung sampling. Involvement of the latter bacteria and association of two different pathogens are both highly uncommon features in pneumonia. The route of infection with L. monocytogenes is discussed and the literature on respiratory infections with L. monocytogenes is briefly reviewed. This case highlights the need to consider unusual pathogens when facing pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, and to perform extensive microbiological investigations even if broadspectrum antibiotic therapy is the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Pneumonia involving Legionella pneumophila and Listeria monocytogenes in an immunocompromised patient: an unusual coinfection. 1216 53

Although the side effects of thalidomide are well known, lung toxicity has not been reported. We describe the case of a 65-year-old man with multiple myeloma (IgG kappa) in stage IA who, on the thirty-seventh day of treatment with thalidomide, developed acute coughing, general malaise, dyspnea at rest and sudoresis. Blood pressure was 90/60 mm Hg and temperature was normal. An interstitial and alveolar pattern was visible on the right side of a chest film and arterial blood gases indicated partial respiratory insufficiency (pH 7.40, PaCO2 40 mmHg, PaO2 47 mmHg). Blood analysis showed alterations expected for multiple myeloma and microbiology was negative (sputum and blood cultures and urinary antigen detection for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila). After thalidomide was withdrawn and oxygen and intravenous corticoids were administered, outcome was good. A chest film 4 days later was normal and arterial blood gases showed that respiratory insufficiency had disappeared. We conclude that severe lung toxicity should be included among the potential adverse effects of thalidomide.
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PMID:[Lung toxicity due to thalidomide]. 1279 46