Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023241 (Legionella)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An enzyme-linked immunospecific assay "sandwich" technique was developed for detecting soluble antigen from the Legionnaires disease bacterium (Legionella pneumophila). With this technique, antigen was detected in urine specimens from guinea pigs inoculated intraperitoneally with heat-killed Legionnaires disease bacteria and in urine specimens from three of four patients who attended the American Legion Convention in Philadelphia in 1976. Urine from a fifth pneumonia patient who attended the Eucharistic Congress (but who was a dubious seroconverter) was negative. Presumably, the test could also be used for detecting antigen in sputum or respiratory aspirates, but this has not been tried to date.
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PMID:Detection of Legionella pneumonophila antigen in urine by enzyme-linked immunospecific assay. 38 44

Since Legionnaires' disease was diagnosed in Spain for the first time, we have considered it of interest to review the subject and to bring it up to date as much as possible. Legionnaires' disease is an infectious illness which principally affects people in the fifth decade of life and which has been diagnosed in different countries in the world, including Spain. The etiologic agent is a Gram-negative bacteria, which does not grow in the normal culture media and which requires special stains for its identification. Clinically the disease presents as an atypical pneumonia accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms and hyponatremia as a characteristic laboratory finding. It appears with greater frequency during the summer season in an epidemic form, although isolated cases have been reported during the entire year. It is potentially a very severe condition, and the mortality rate has been calculated at 15--20 percent. A definite diagnosis requires the isolation of the etiologic agent: directly, by stain (direct immunofluorescence, Dieterle's silver stain), isolation and culture in an enriched media (Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with Iso-Vitalex and hemoglobin), or indirectly by serologic methods (indirect immunofluorescence). Eryhtromycin is the antibiotic of choice with or without the association of another antibiotic of wider spectrum.
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PMID:[Legionnaires' disease (author's transl)]. 38 8

Continuous centrifugation of large volumes of water from natural southeastern lakes allowed quantitative detection of Legionella pneumophila by direct immunofluorescent staining. Positive samples were injected intraperitoneally into guinea pigs, and the L. pneumophila were isolated and identified by their morphological, cultural, physiological, and serological characteristics.
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PMID:Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from nonepidemic-related aquatic habitats. 38 10

Eight immunosuppressed patients had pneumonia due to Pittsburgh Pneumonia Agent (PPA), a gram-negative, weakly acid-fast bacterium cultivatable only in embryonated eggs and guinea pigs and distinct from Legionella pneumophila. The diagnosis was established by isolation of the agent from lung or visualization of the organism in lung tissue. The clinical presentations, radiographic abnormalities and pathology were not specific. The most consistent feature associated with the disease was the recent institution of daily high-dose corticosteriod therapy in all patients. Five of the eight patients died despite broad-spectrum antibiotic and antituberculous therapy. Anti-microbial activity against PPA was demonstrated for sulfamethoxazole combined with trimethoprim, for rifampin and for erythromycin with an egg-protection assay. Serologic studies with an indirect fluorescent-antibody technic suggested that seroconversion or high titers may be a sensitive test for PPA disease. PPA appears to be a newly recognized cause of life-threatening bacterial pneumonia in immunosupressed patients.
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PMID:Opportunistic lung infection due to "Pittsburgh Pneumonia Agent". 38 16

The laboratory isolation of Legionella pneumophila from seeded donor blood, using the lysis-centrifugation technique, is described. Time to pure culture isolate was 3 to 4 days.
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PMID:Rapid isolation of Legionella pneumophila from seeded donor blood. 38 7

Severe bronchopneumonia in a 66-year-old patient failed to respond to sensitivity-tested antibiotics, with only erythromycin providing improvement. The indirect immunofluorescence test for legionnaire's disease gave a highly significant titre rise (eightfold). Legionnaire's disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of treatment-resistant bronchopneumonia.
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PMID:[A case of legionnaire's disease in Germany (author's transl)]. 38 96

A case of Legionnaires' disease (LD) is presented in which the diagnosis was made initially by EM and later confirmed by specific immunofluorescence of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung tissue. The possibility of an infection with Legionella pneumophila during autopsy is suggested by the fact that the pathologist who performed the post-mortem examination developed signs and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection 2 weeks afterwards. Approximately 4 weeks after the onset of his illness a significant antibody titre against L. pneumophila was found in his serum, whereas 6 months later the antibody titre was insignificant.
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PMID:Legionnaires' disease: case report with special emphasis on electron microscopy and potential risk of infection at autopsy. 38 72

A bacterium with growth characteristics similar to, but genetically distinct from, either Legionella pneumophila or WIGA (a "rickettsia-like agent") was obtained from a postmortem lung specimen of a patient with fatal atypical pneumonia at the M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute in Houston, Texas. This bacterium and WIGA have essentially the same cellular fatty acid composition, which is distinct from that of L. pneumophila. Deoxyribonucleic acid-reletadness studies show that the isolate from Texas is only about 10% related to both L. pneumophila and WIGA and there fore may represent a new species. This new bacterium should be considered in selecting laboratory procedures in the diagnosis of atypical pneumonia.
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PMID:A newly identified bacterium phenotypically resembling, but genetically distinct from, Legionella pneumophila: an isolate in a case of pneumonia. 39 Nov 15

An immune adherence hemagglutination (IAHA) test for the measurement of antibodies to Legionella pneumophila was developed and evaluated for the diagnosis of Legionnaires disease. Its sensitivity was compared to that of the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test and a recently developed indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test. The sensitivity of the three tests appeared to be similar, with the IFA test giving slightly higher titers. Both the IHA and IAHA tests appear useful for the serodiagnosis of Legionnaires disease; the IAHA test has the advantage that it can be used with many other serological antigens.
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PMID:Serology of Legionnaires disease: comparison of indirect fluorescent antibody, immune adherence hemagglutination, and indirect hemagglutination tests. 39 16

Charcoal-yeast extract agar is a new bacteriological medium that supports excellent growth of the Legionella pneumophila. It results from modifications made in an existing L. pneumophila medium, F-G agar. Yeast extract, instead of an acid hydrolysate of casein, serves as the protein source. Beef extractives and starch are not added. Activated charcoal (Norit A or Norit SG) is included at 0.20% (wt/vol). Comparison of charcoal-yeast extract and F-G agars showed that a greater number of colony-forming units of L. pneumophila was recovered from a standardized tissue inoculum on charcoal-yeast extract agar (4.35 x 10(6) colony-forming units) than on F-G agar (4.85 x 10(4) colony-forming units). Macroscopic colonies of L. pneumophila were visible on the new medium within 3 days, whereas 4 days of growth was required on F-G agar.
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PMID:Charcoal-yeast extract agar: primary isolation medium for Legionella pneumophila. 39 13


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