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Query: UMLS:C0023241 (Legionella)
 6,990 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) the pulmonary opportunistic infections are due to the depression of cellular immunity and they are found in more than 50% of patients. Most frequently the infection is due to Pneumocystis carinii, Cytomegalovirus, Cryptococcus neoformans and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. Non-opportunistic infections in AIDS are mostly due to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Legionella pneumophila. In Kaposi sarcoma in AIDS the lungs may be involved into pulmonary manifestations of the syndrome. In this paper the diagnostics of pulmonary disturbances in AIDS is briefly evaluated together with the therapy of most frequent pulmonary infections.
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PMID:[Pulmonary manifestations in patients with AIDS]. 279 62

The infectious strain L. pneumophila serogroup 1 Philadelphia (ATCC 33152) was cultured on charcoal dialysed yeast extract agar medium (CDYE agar) which produces more virulent strains than those grown on classical agar media. The aerosol was dispersed in a depression chamber by means of a nebuliser and the density was controlled by a density probe. Male albinos Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs weighing 250-300 g were exposed for 30 minutes to an aerosol dose of 1 LD50 (10(3) viable organisms) and 10 LD50 (10(4) viable organisms). Erythromycin lactobionate (Abbott) was administered subcutaneously 18 hours after the infection, at dosages of 270 mg/kg/day for 4 days in the animals treated with 1 LD50 and for 6 or 7 days in the animals treated with 10 LD50. The guinea pigs were observed for 9 days (weight, rectal temperature; serological and bacteriological tests (cardiac blood, lungs, spleen) and erythromycin assays (serum, lungs) were performed and compared in the treated animals, the non-treated infected control animals and the control animals which only received erythromycin. The percentage survival in the treated guinea pigs after inhalation of 1 LD50 and 10 LD50 (2 tests) were 100%, 75% and 87.5% respectively. Three weeks after treatment, the survivors had antibody titres from 32 to 1,024; the bacteriological cultures and erythromycin assays were negative. In this study, an improvement in the treatment of experimental Legionnaires' disease was observed in comparison with previous experiments. The increased dosage and duration and the early initiation of treatment resulted in survival rates of 75%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Treatment with erythromycin of experimental legionellosis in guinea pigs infected by aerosol]. 353 58

Legionella infections are getting increasingly important as causes of severe pneumonias or of acute respiratory insufficiency. Consumptive or immunosuppressive underlying diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiac insufficiency, alcohol-induced liver damage, malignant tumours or drug-induced immunosuppression after organ transplantation, are among the risk factors. Diagnosis is based on direct identification of the pathogen from body secretions by means of direct immunofluorescence. The serological immunoresponse often takes place long after outbreak of the disease or fails entirely to appear and is therefore only suitable for retrospective confirmation. Therapy of choice is an intravenous administration of erythromycin. There are now increasing pointers to the efficiency of fluoroquinolone antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin. We report on the course of a severe case of legionnaire's disease with multiple organ failure occurring in a patient after bone marrow depression induced by anti-inflammatory drugs. Treatment erythromycin resulted in a marked cholestasis, so that antibiotic treatment was changed to ciprofloxacin. This therapy as well as the supportive intensive-care treatment eventually led to the patient's complete recovery. Based on the case report, fundamental aspects of diagnostics, antibiotic treatment, intensive-care treatment and prognosis of severe cases of legionellosis are discussed.
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PMID:[Severe legionellosis after abuse of anti-inflammatory drugs--diagnostic and intensive care aspects based on a case report]. 763 62

In 2014, government officials in the City of Flint, Michigan switched the municipal water source from the Detroit Water System (water source: Lake Huron) to the Flint River. During this time, an estimated 102,000 Flint residents were potentially exposed to multiple chemical (e.g., lead) and biological threats (e.g., Legionella). After the switch to water sourced from the Flint River, Flint residents consistently reported concerns over water quality while also experiencing rashes, hair loss, and other health problems, including anxiety and depression. This study 1) reports on the Flint Water Crisis and its subsequent impact on residents' stress, coping, resilience and trust and 2) describes a process methodology that trained, hired and deployed Flint residents as members of a multidisciplinary research team. A random sample of 320 Flint residents underwent household-based interviews to assess their health and mental health needs. Concomitantly, household water samples were obtained and residents were connected to known resources based on interview responses relative to need. This study found that declines in health and mental health status were correlated with increased stressors (i.e., fatigue, financial concern, anxiety), coping and less resilience or the capacity to recover. Perceived trust in government officials was significantly lower after the water crisis. While the water crisis generated numerous stressors, the event also galvanized community competence to engage in solution-focused coping and other adaptive capacities. By assessing and building upon Flint residents' resilience, community resource specialists, identified and subsequently strengthened city residents' ability to survive devastating challenges.
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PMID:Stress, Coping, Resilience and Trust during the Flint Water Crisis. 3278 30