Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022672 (acute tubular necrosis)
 2,175 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 24-year-old male homosexual drug addict was admitted in coma and circulatory failure after a 10 g overdose of acebutolol. The usual resuscitative measures were undertaken, together with administration of adrenaline and gastric lavage. Six hours of external cardiac massage and pacing, and high catecholamine doses (36 mg.h-1 of adrenaline and 60 micrograms.kg-1 x min-1 of dobutamine) were required before the circulatory system became again spontaneously efficient. After this acute episode, the patient improved despite acute tubular necrosis. On the third day, bilateral alveolar and interstitial lesions were found on the chest film. Bronchoalveolar lavage and protected distal brushings were carried out. Both Aeromonas hydrophila and Staphylococcus aureus were found in the cultured brushings. Treatment with ceftriaxone, vancomycin and amikacin was introduced. This nosocomial pneumonia was very haemorrhagic, resulting in several bloody casts responsible for several episodes of atelectasis. The patient was definitely extubated on the 18th day, and left the ICU 23 days later without any sequela. His HIV status was negative. Four other infections with the same strain of Aeromonas hydrophila occurred at the same time as this patient's. The common source for this germ was found to be soft water. Several measures have since been undertaken: removal of a centralized water softener, filtration and higher chlorine content in the water circuit, and updating of intensive care protocols for disinfection of equipment.
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PMID:[Nosocomial Aeromonas hydrophila pneumonia complicating toxic coma]. 833 70

Bothrops insularis is a snake from Ilha da Queimada Grande, an island located about 20 miles away from the Southeastern coast of Brazil. Compared with other Brazilian species of Bothrops, the toxinology of B. insularis is still poorly understood, and so far, no fraction from this venom with amino acid oxidase activity had been isolated or its biological activity tested. We investigated the biochemical and biological effects of one l-amino acid oxidase enzyme isolated from B. insularis snake venom (BiLAO), which was purified using HPLC and sequence grade. We also evaluated the renal effects induced by BiLAO. Chromatographic profile of B. insularis whole venom disclosed seven main fractions (I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII) and the main LAO enzymatic activity was detected in fraction II. The group treated with BiLAO showed a decrease in perfusion pressure (C(120)=110.28+/-3.69; BiLAO(120)=82.2+/-5.6 mmHg*); renal vascular resistance (C(120)=5.48+/-0.53; BiLAO(120)=4.12+/-0.42 mmHg/mL/g/min*), urinary flow (C(120)=0.160+/-0.020; BiLAO(120)=0.064+/-0.012 mL/g/min*), glomerular filtration rate (C(120)=0.697+/-0.084; BiLAO(120)=0.176+/-0.017 mL/g/min*), sodium (C(120)=79.76+/-0.56; BiLAO(120)=65.39+/-6.19%*), potassium (C(120)=69.94+/-6.86; BiLAO(120)=60.26+/-2.24%*) and chloride tubular reabsortion (C(120)=78.53+/-2.33; BiLAO(120)=64.58+/-6.68%*). Acute tubular necrosis foci were observed in the group treated with the LAO fraction of the B. insularis snake venom. Some findings have the same morphological aspect of apoptosis, more evident cortically; otherwise, reversible degenerative phenomena represented by hydropic ballooning with extensive cytoplasmic vacuolization and discontinuity of the cell brush borders in the proximal tubular epithelium were observed; furthermore, necrotic detachment of these cells into the tubular lumina, and increased amount of protein deposits in the distal and proximal tubules were observed. In conclusion, the slowness of blood flow and of glomerular filtration resulted in more time for filtration and tubular reabsorption, with elevation of the total percentage of sodium and chlorine reabsorption. The maintenance of the decrease in glomerular filtration rate would determine the subsequent decreases, which were noticed in these parameters. The necrosis observed was the result of damage cell induced by l-amino acid oxidase isolated from B. insularis venom.
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PMID:Purification and biological effects of L-amino acid oxidase isolated from Bothrops insularis venom. 1798 39