Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022672 (acute tubular necrosis)
 2,175 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The toxicity of the anti-cancer drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin), at 2 to 40 mg per kg, was studied in the frog, Rana pipiens. The LD50 for the drug was approximately 17 mg per kg. Major non-nervous system toxicity occurred in the kidney. Renal failure was manifested as anasarca and increasing blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Histopathological changes included acute tubular necrosis and tubular dilatation, which were more severe at higher doses. Interstitial fibrosis occurred after prolonged survival after a single dose. Ultrastructurally, there was increased electron-dense material in tubular cells, but no specific changes in mitochondria or nuclear structures were seen. Gastro-intestinal toxicity was less severe than in other species and was more prominent at higher doses. Pathological changes consisted of epithelial nuclear atypia and apoptosis. By electron microscopy, there was increased separation of cell borders, depletion of chylomicrons and mucin granules and increases in electron-dense material. Again no specific mitochondrial or nuclear changes were seen. Relatively slight changes were seen in the liver, consisting of altered distribution of rough endoplasmic reticulum and dispersion of nuclear chromatin. Minimal pathology was demonstrated in the haematopoietic system or in the gonads. Thus toxicity of cisplatin in the frog is similar to that seen in mammals, including rodents and man.
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PMID:Toxicity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cisplatin) in the frog, Rana pipiens. 207 54

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element in human and animal nutrition. It is also widely utilized in industrial processes. Reports of acute selenium toxicity in humans are rare. We report a case of a 23-year-old female who consumed about 100 mL of liquid selenite broth and presented with severe nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, hematemesis and acute renal failure (ARF). The serum selenium level was significantly increased. Gastro-duodenoscopy revealed severe corrosive gastritis. Renal biopsy showed features of acute tubular necrosis (ATN), affecting primarily the proximal tubules. The patient was managed with gastric lavage, blood transfusions, infusion of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and platelet concentrates and hemo-dialysis. The patient was discharged five weeks after admission and her renal functions recovered completely by eight weeks after admission. She continues to be on regular follow-up for any possible sequelae of mucosal corrosive damage. This case highlights a case of selenium intoxication from selenite broth resulting in ARF and corrosive gastritis. The recovery was complete.
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PMID:Selenium intoxication with selenite broth resulting in acute renal failure and severe gastritis. 1911 27