Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022672 (acute tubular necrosis)
 2,175 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We investigated clinical, biochemical, and histopathological parameters in FK506-treated cynomolgus monkeys. Eight monkeys given oral FK506, 1 (n = 4) or 10 (n = 4) mg/kg daily, survived the 90 days of treatment apparently in good health and without significant changes in biochemical and histopathological parameters, as did 2 control monkeys except one monkey on 10 mg/kg/day FK506 orally, who was found to have a malignant lymphoma. In contrast, monkeys given intramuscular FK506 1 mg/kg daily (n = 4) had to be sacrificed at day 20, 25, 32, and 47 because of severe illness. They showed abnormal biochemical parameters (increased serum urea and aspartate aminotransferase activity) and major histopathological changes in the kidney (mesangial cell proliferation and acute tubular necrosis), pancreas (depletion of beta cells), liver (steatosis), and heart (cardiomyopathy). Intramuscular administration of 1 mg/kg daily resulted in serum levels ranging from 10 to 15 ng/ml, while oral administration at a dose of 1 or 10 mg/kg daily resulted in equal or even higher serum levels (range 2-70 ng/ml). Thus, the height of the serum trough level of FK506 using the enzyme immunoassay is not related to the toxicity of FK506 in cynomolgus monkeys.
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PMID:Toxicology of FK506 in the cynomolgus monkey: a clinical, biochemical, and histopathological study. 1462 44

Patient maintenance after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation starts with decreasing the neurological damage despite serious difficulties such as hypoxic ischemic infarcts and reperfusion infarcts. Therapeutic hypothermia is the most rejoicing method in use to prevent neurological damage. Here, we discuss about a 35-year-old woman resuscitated for 20 minutes in hospital who was followed because of postpartum cardiomyopathy. Sudden onset of ventricular fibrillation subsequent to ventricular tachycardia was the underlying cause of cardiac arrest. To prevent neurological damage, therapeutic hypothermia was used, and she was cooled for 24 hours. After therapeutic hypothermia, her Glasgow coma score was 15, fortunately no sequela appeared. Although we were successful to prevent neurological damage, rhabdomyolysis arose secondary to therapeutic hypothermia. As a result, the intubation process was prolonged, and acute tubular necrosis due to myoglobinuria was occurred. Despite all complications patient faced, she was discharged on her 31th day; without sequela and with no need for hemodialysis; under medical therapy.
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PMID:Rhabdomyolysis Secondary to Therapeutic Hypothermia After Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Rare Complication. 2629 13

Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a public health issue in developing countries. The estimated annual global incidence of snakebites is about 5.4 million snakebites per year, resulting from 1.8 to 2.7 million cases of SBE and from 81,000 to 138,000 deaths with 400,000 survivors suffering permanent physical and psychological disabilities. There are more than 3000 species of snakes around the world: 600 are venomous and over 200 are considered to be medically important because of their clinical effects. The severity of SBE depends on several factors among which bite localization, snake's size, condition of glands and teeth, bite angle and bite duration, the microflora of the snake's mouth and victim's skin, age of the victim, weight, health status, and victim's activity after a bite. Snake venoms are mixtures of protein families, and each of these families contains many different toxins or toxin isoforms. Based on their effects, snake venoms can be classified as hemotoxic, neurotoxic, or cytotoxic and they can all act together involving multiple tissues and organs. When the bite is fatal, the mechanism of death is primarily related to the paralysis of respiratory muscles, which causes asphyxia and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, but also anaphylactic shock, hemorrhagic shock, cardiomyopathy, acute tubular necrosis (ATN). The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate epidemiological and post-mortem examination findings in fatal SBEs in order to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms, thus helping pathologists in defining the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Snakebite Envenoming a Challenging Diagnosis for the Forensic Pathologist: A Systematic Review. 3315 79