Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022672 (acute tubular necrosis)
 2,175 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nephrotoxic lesions induced by cisplatin in rats are characterized by acute tubular necrosis in the outer stripe of the medulla. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential role of changes in metal binding proteins, and iron and copper content in urine and renal tissue in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Cisplatin was administered intravenously to groups of 20 rats at single doses of 0, 1, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg and rats were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3 and 6 days after treatment. Increased serum BUN and creatinine were observed at a dose of 5 mg/kg cisplatin on day 2 through day 6. Increased urinary copper excretion coincided with necrosis and increased BUN and creatinine on day 3 in the high-dose group. Evidence of renal injury was apparent histologically as karyomegaly at all dose levels as early as 48 hours after injection of cisplatin, prior to increases in urinary copper levels. No change in the distribution of metal binding proteins (transferrin, ferritin, ceruloplasmin, and metallothionein) evaluated by immunohistochemical staining, was seen. Based upon these results, it is unlikely that changes in metal excretion play a primary role in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity however, changes in nuclear function indicated by karyomegaly may be involved in early renal injury.
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PMID:Assessment of the possible role of iron and copper in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat. 816 68

The early diagnosis of renal allograft dysfunction in the immediate posttransplantation period is very important. The prospective study was undertaken in 60 patients after kidney transplantation. The significance of blood and urine levels of glomerular and tubular proteins was studied for early diagnosis of allograft dysfunction. The authors evaluate some glomerular (CRP, transferrin, immunoglobulins) and tubular (alfa 1 microglobulin and beta 2 microglobulin) proteins for differential diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis and acute rejection of transplanted kidney.
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PMID:[Use of endogenous proteins in the early diagnosis of dysfunction in transplanted kidneys]. 876 76

Determination of the protein composition of urine is a non-invasive method helping to diagnose renal lesions and evaluate therapeutic interventions. We present here five observations that highlight the performance and relevance of urine protein analysis combining selected glomerular and tubular protein measurements. Total urine protein level and measurements of urinary IgG, albumin, transferrin alpha-1 microglobulin and retinol binding protein were performed on a urine sample by immunonephelometry. The results were normalized for urine creatinine concentration and integrated in the MDI interpretation software that provides a "urine protein profile" (UPP). Sequential UPP were performed in two patients with drug-induced tubular toxicity. One resolved after drug withdrawal. The second concomitantly developped glomerular lesions and repeated UPP was warranted to follow evaluation of the distinct renal lesions. Two cases illustrate two distinct clinical situations in patients with multiple myeloma, respectively myeloma cast nephropathy and toxic acute tubular necrosis. Those differential diagnoses were early anticipated by UPP. In one case, UPP was in favour of the presence of large amount of urinary monoclonal light chain excretion before performing urine electrophoresis analysis and renal biopsy while this was not in the other case. In the last case, we compared sequential UPP, renal function and kidney biopsies in a patient with a diagnosis of membranous nephropathy, and demonstrated a good correlation between urine glomerular and tubular protein excretion and progression of the renal lesions. The use of the UPP in clinical practice, particularly through the accurate quantification of tubular markers, is a more efficient tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of renal diseases than the less sensitive semi-quantitative urine electrophoresis or combined assays of both total proteinuria and albuminuria.
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PMID:Interest of the combined measurement of selected urinary proteins in the diagnosis approach in nephrology. 2854 Aug 55