Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022672 (acute tubular necrosis)
 2,175 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 209 consecutive neonate and infant autopsies were reviewed with special attention to papillary muscle necrosis (PMN) of the heart. Associated major pathological findings were analysed for the evaluation of significant pathological accompaniments of PMN. PMN was found in 52 cases among 171(30.4%) neonates and major pathological accompaniments were bronchopneumonia, hyaline membrane disease, hypoxic neuronal change, sepsis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and acute tubular necrosis, among which hypoxic neuronal change and ATN had a statistically significant higher incidence when compared with the control group. (p < 0.005). PMN was found in 13 cases among 38(34.2%) infants and accompaniments were congenital heart disease, sepsis, bronchopneumonia, DIC and hypoxic neuronal change, all of which showed no difference from the control group in incidence. The results imply that PMN is a kind of organ damage in stressed subjects regardless of age, that it is not a special form of myocardial injury in any specific age group including the newborn period, and is possibly of different pathogenesis and significance.
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PMID:Papillary muscle necrosis in neonates and infants--analysis of 209 autopsies. 129 38

Calcium antagonists block calcium entry into cells, resulting in relaxation of smooth muscle and limitation of the cytotoxic effects of ischaemia in various organ systems. They are most frequently used for clinical conditions requiring vasodilatation, i.e. hypertension and Raynaud's phenomenon, and this also suggests that the most common adverse effect of these drugs for noncardiovascular indications is an unwanted decline in blood pressure. Other uses include treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias and angina. There is some evidence that these drugs retard the development of atherosclerosis. Calcium channel blockers also improve renal reperfusion and may reduce renal insufficiency due to various nephrotoxins, and are particularly useful in renal transplantation for protection against cyclosporin toxicity and post-transplant acute tubular necrosis. These drugs are also useful in pregnancy-induced hypertension and unwanted uterine contraction. Affective disorders and malignancies may be other conditions which benefit from calcium antagonist therapy. Calcium antagonists, in particular nimodipine which is most selective for the cerebral vasculature, have been approved for treating vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage. They are probably also effective for treatment of migraine. Calcium channel blockers may be effective for treating acute cerebral infarction, but results of clinical trials to date have been equivocal, largely because it has been difficult to recruit patients within the short interval after the onset of stroke when these drugs would be most effective, and because of the unwanted hypotensive effect of high doses.
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PMID:New uses for calcium channel blockers. Therapeutic implications. 751 Jun 13

The donor was 63-yr-old woman with subarachnoid hemorrhage. As she developed severe hypotension for more than four h before cardiac arrest, we biopsied the grafts and decided to transplant those kidneys. Recipient 1 was a 23-yr-old man on 13-yr dialysis program. After 19 d of delayed graft function (DGF), we discontinued hemodialysis (HD). However, the decrease in serum creatinine (sCr) was poor. The minimum sCr was 4.3 mg/dL on post-operative day (POD) 40, and increased to 6.5 mg/dL. The contralateral graft was transplanted to a 61-yr-old man (recipient 2) with 18-yr HD. After 15 d of DGF period, sCr decreased gradually and has been stable at 1.9 mg/dL. In recipient 1, graft biopsies performed on POD 15, 69, and 110, revealed progressive interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA) without evidences of acute rejection, tacrolimus associated injury, reflux nephropathy, or viral nephropathy. The second biopsy on POD 69 showed typical findings of acute tubular necrosis. We compared the clinical courses of the two recipients because certain features of recipient 1, such as age, duration of HD, total ischemic time, and body size were advantageous, whereas graft function was poorer than that in recipient 2. Recipient 1 developed severe anemia following the dissociation of graft function from recipient 2. In this case, posttransplant anemia and lower blood pressure might promote IF/TA through persistent ischemic tubular damage, and positive CMV antigenemia and its treatment could promote anemia. Especially in the kidney allograft from a marginal donor, we should consider various factors to obtain a better graft outcome.
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PMID:Progressive interstitial fibrosis of kidney allograft early after transplantation from a non-heart beating donor: possible role of persistent ischemic injury. 2059 Jun 99