Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022672 (acute tubular necrosis)
 2,175 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirteen patients developed a renal disease after using heroin alone or in combination with other drugs, for a period of 3 to 12 years. Eleven were IV drug addicts, 2 were sniffers. Six patients had acute tubular necrosis, due to rhabdomyolysis in 5 and to prolonged gentamicin therapy for bacterial endocarditis in 1. Five patients manifested a nephrotic syndrome, and renal biopsy showed various types of glomerulonephritis (GN) without glomerular sclerosis. The two last patients had hypertension with intrarenal vascular lesions and HBsAg was present in their serum. Chronic hemodialysis and/or renal transplantation were required in 2 cases with GN; all other patients recovered normal serum creatinine. There was no specific pathologic picture of heroin abuse in this series.
 ...
PMID:[Renal disease associated with heroin abuse]. 321 43

Urinary doubly refractile lipid bodies (DRLB) are a characteristic finding in patients with glomerular renal diseases causing heavy proteinuria. DRLB are felt to be an uncommon finding in glomerular diseases without heavy proteinuria, and a rare finding in nonglomerular renal diseases. In order to determine whether DRLB are found in nonglomerular renal diseases, we reviewed the medical records of all patients who had urinalyses performed in our laboratory from February 1975 to June 1983. Three hundred sixty one patients demonstrated less than or equal to +2 proteinuria, and at least two DRLB. Of these, 290 were identified as having a single renal diagnosis. One hundred forty eight patients (51%) had a variety of acute and chronic glomerular diseases, and 125 patients (43.2%) had nonglomerular renal diseases, including acute tubular necrosis (ATN), prerenal azotemia, chronic interstitial nephritis, polycystic kidney disease, acute interstitial nephritis, renal neoplasia, and acute myeloma kidney. Ten patients had transient proteinuria associated with acute illness, and seven patients had no renal disease at all. Only two patients with nonglomerular renal disease had more than five DRLB per 20 high power microscopic fields. The frequency of DRLB in patients with nonglomerular renal diseases was: chronic interstitial nephritis, 26%; polycystic kidney disease, 38%; prerenal azotemia, 20%; ATN, 15%; and acute interstitial nephritis, 33%. These data suggest that at lower levels of proteinuria, DRLB are found frequently in nonglomerular renal diseases, and that DRLB do not differentiate glomerular from nonglomerular renal diseases unless more than five DRLB are found on urinary sediment examination.
 ...
PMID:Urinary doubly refractile lipid bodies in nonglomerular renal diseases. 335 69

A review of 85 patients aged 60 years or more, treated in a southern Indian hospital for conditions requiring renal biopsy, showed that diffuse poliferative glomerulonephritis was the most frequent diagnosis, being present in 24 cases of whom 11 had elevated serum streptococcal antibody titres. Infections were also important in 2 patients with amyloidosis secondary to tuberculosis, in 3 patients with acute tubular necrosis following infectious gastroenteritis and in a patient with acute pyaemic interstitial nephritis with septicaemia. Drugs including indigenous medicines were the other important cause of renal disease, being implicated in 11 cases.
 ...
PMID:Medical renal disease in the elderly in a southern Indian hospital. 338 Feb 27

A 51-year-old man developed pemphigus vulgaris, minimal change nephropathy and acute tubular necrosis after 11 months of treatment with penicillamine for rheumatoid arthritis associated with features of Reiter's syndrome. Penicillamine is a polyclonal B lymphocyte activator in animals and precipitates a variety of autoimmune reactions in man. The pathogenesis of minimal change nephropathy is obscure, but our observations support the possibility that autoimmune mechanisms play a role.
 ...
PMID:Minimal change nephropathy and pemphigus vulgaris associated with penicillamine treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. 339 26

Nephrotic syndrome was the commonest clinical presentation among 2827 consecutive adult Indian patients from whom adequate kidney biopsies were obtained for suspected renal disease. In 83 per cent of cases the nephrotic syndrome was due to minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis, membranous usually secondary to tuberculosis or leprosy, was present in only 34 patients. Acute nephritis, the next most frequent clinical presentation, was due to diffuse endocapillary proliferative, crescentic or mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis in 88 per cent of cases, almost half of whom had elevated serum streptococcal antibody titres. Eosinophilia showed a highly significant association with diffuse endocapillary proliferative and mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis. Idiopathic IgA nephropathy was present in only 10, and antiglomerular basement membrane antibody disease in only one, of the 238 patients whose biopsies were studied by immunofluorescence. Complications of pregnancy accounted for 70 per cent of cases of cortical necrosis. Acute gastroenteritis, septicaemia, abortions, snake bite and allopathic and indigenous medicines were important causes of acute tubular necrosis.
 ...
PMID:Renal disease in adult Indians: a clinicopathological study of 2,827 patients. 344 84

For children with end-stage renal disease, renal transplantation is the ultimate goal because it offers the potential of maximum rehabilitation. In order to evaluate the infectious risk of renal transplantation in patients previously maintained on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and/or continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD), we retrospectively evalauted the clinical course of 44 pediatric patients (mean age 12.0 +/- 5.7 [SD] years) who received 32 cadaver and 16 live-related donor renal grafts after being maintained on peritoneal dialysis for 756 patient-months (mean 17.1 +/- 11.5 months). In the posttransplant period, 25 patients (57%) required dialysis because of acute tubular necrosis or acute rejection. Peritonitis developed in five patients (11%) following transplantation; two were being dialyzed at the time. Exit-site and tunnel infections occurred in nine patients (20%). In all instances, antibiotic treatment and/or catheter removal was curative. Posttransplant ascites developed in 12 patients (27%) and was alleviated by catheter drainage. The catheters were left in situ at the time of transplantation and electively removed when stable graft function was present. The 1- and 2-year actuarial graft survival rate was 65% and 55%, respectively. One patient died in the immediate posttransplant period, which was unrelated to peritoneal dialysis. In conclusion, pediatric patients maintained on CAPD and/or CCPD can be safely transplanted. The potential infectious risks related to peritoneal dialysis can be managed with appropriate management of the catheter and prompt antibiotic therapy. The patient and graft survival rates are comparable to those with patients receiving hemodialysis prior to transplantation. There is no need to limit access to transplantation in children undergoing CAPD and/or CCPD.
 ...
PMID:Experience with renal transplantation in children undergoing peritoneal dialysis (CAPD/CCPD). 352 44

The secretory immune system has been well studied in the intestinal, bronchial, and biliary systems and breast. Tissue studies of secretory immunoglobulins in the kidney are scanty, mostly related to nephropathies with IgA. Renal tissues from 37 autopsies selected for any history of renal dysfunction were processed for immunohistologic studies on frozen sections with several antisera, including a purified rabbit anti-human secretory component (SC). By immunohistology, gel diffusion, and immunoblotting, the anti-SC antibody reacted appropriately with purified human SC, saliva, intestinal epithelium, and breast milk and did not cross-react with immunoglobulin heavy or light chains, lactoferrin, and other tissue proteins. IgA and SC were seen in tubular casts in 70% of patients, whereas less impressive staining with IgM, IgG, and albumin was seen, respectively, in 24%, 13%, and 22% of the patients. SC was present in the cytoplasm of distal tubule and Henle's loop cells in 78% of specimens. A control group of 10 healthy individuals who died suddenly showed minimal staining of casts and tubules in 2 specimens. Renal pathology in the group with IgA-SC+ casts included acute tubular necrosis (54%), severe chronic renal disease (61%), and mild chronic renal injury (38%). The group with negative IgA-SC casts included acute tubular necrosis (64%), infectious interstitial nephritis (36%), and negligible renal disease (36%). This study suggests that discrete distal segments of the nephron may have the capability of secreting SC, which is probably coupled with serum-derived IgA and incorporated into luminal tubular secretions. The low level of immunosecretions in kidneys which are normal or minimally damaged suggests that this system may need to be turned on by unknown, probably pathogenic stimulating factors.
 ...
PMID:Secretory immune responses in human kidneys. 354 43

Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice for adults and children with end-stage renal disease. More than 7500 kidney transplants are performed in the United States each year with an average 2-year graft survival rate of 95, 85, and 75 per cent for HLA-identical, living related, and cadaver donor recipients, respectively. New immunosuppressive modalities including donor specific transfusions and cyclosporine have resulted in improved results with fewer infectious complications. Careful attention to hemostasis, minimization of tissue injury, and aseptic technique is necessary in uremic and immunosuppressed patients. The most common complications requiring radiologic evaluation and treatment after renal transplantation include acute tubular necrosis, renal artery or renal vein thrombosis, lymphocele, ureteral necrosis, bladder disruption, bleeding, ureteral obstruction or stricture, and renal artery stenosis. The most useful radiologic studies are renograms, echograms, computed axial tomograms, cystograms, arteriograms, percutaneous nephrostograms, and intravenous or retrograde pyelograms.
 ...
PMID:Renal transplantation: clinical considerations. 354 72

Non-narcotic analgesics have acute and chronic effects on the kidney. Until quite recently chronic effects have received much more attention than acute effects. Renal papillary necrosis attributed to prolonged intake of analgesic compounds was first described from Switzerland in the 1950s, and subsequently in many countries including Scandinavia, Australia, Belgium and Canada. Renal papillary necrosis is now accepted as an effect of over-the-counter analgesic compounds and has also been recorded with many individual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Evidence suggests that uroepithelial tumours also occur as a complication of prolonged abuse of analgesic compounds. Clinical evidence associating renal papillary necrosis with compound analgesics and NSAIDs has been backed up by experimental evidence showing that these drugs cause renal papillary necrosis in animals. Acute effects of non-narcotic analgesics have been described mainly in association with aspirin and NSAIDs. In high renin states, including salt-depleted normal subjects, NSAID administration may be associated with an acute decrease in renal function, which is more obvious in patients who have underlying renal disease. Clinical syndromes which occur in association with NSAIDs include oedema, hyperkalaemia and acute renal failure and the acute nephrotic syndrome. Acute renal failure may be associated with acute interstitial nephritis and the nephrotic syndrome or may be due to acute tubular necrosis. Patients who have the nephrotic syndrome show fusion of foot processes of glomerular epithelial cells on electron microscopy as well as acute interstitial nephritis. Patients who suffer these episodes of acute renal function deterioration associated with NSAIDs recover slowly after withdrawal of the drugs, and the recovery may not be complete.
 ...
PMID:Effects of non-narcotic analgesics on the kidney. 355 79

Patients with lupus nephritis and severe renal failure progress to end-stage renal disease despite aggressive therapy to suppress immunologic function. Within this group is a small subset presenting with rapid progression of renal failure and requiring dialytic support. We reviewed the clinicopathologic data of four such patients who were able to terminate dialysis after acute renal failure due to lupus nephritis. Three of these patients have remained independent of dialysis up to 4 years, and one patient returned to dialysis 1 month following discontinuation. Although glomerular pathology was variable in the four patients, a lesion common to all at presentation was acute tubular necrosis. It is suggested that tubular necrosis may cause reversible renal failure when part of the nephropathy of disseminated lupus treated with corticosteroids.
 ...
PMID:Histopathologic evaluation of lupus patients with transient renal failure. 381 70


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>