Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022672 (acute tubular necrosis)
 2,175 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Overall mortality was low (3.5%) in 199 children who received 217 transplants and quadruple immunosuppression. Graft survival was better in patients on quadruple immunosuppression, compared with historical patients on standard immunosuppression. When censored for deaths with a functioning graft, cumulative graft survival beyond one year was significantly better in patients on quadruple immunosuppression. Acute rejection was more common in CAD recipients and in retransplant recipients. Acute rejection was also more common in patients with FSGS, compared with other causes of ESRD. Preemptive transplants were not associated with a higher incidence of acute rejection. Late acute rejection episodes tended to be associated with a CsA dose < 5 mg/kg/day at one-year posttransplant. Chronic rejection was the major cause of graft loss. Risk factors for graft loss within the first posttransplant year were acute tubular necrosis and an initial CsA dose of < 5 mg/kg/day. Risk factors for graft loss after the first posttransplant year were late onset of the first acute rejection episode and a panel reactivity of > 25% at the time of transplant.
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PMID:Pediatric renal transplantation at the University of Minnesota: the cyclosporine years. 754 41

Using the NAPRTCS database from January 1987 to January 2001, we examined 2687 adolescent (age 13-17 yr) index renal transplants to analyze differences in demographic treatment, and outcomes in adolescents with FSGS compared to other renal disease. 338 (12.6%) of adolescents had a primary diagnosis of FSGS. Adolescents with FSGS were more likely to be black and less likely to receive pre-emptive transplants (p < 0.001). No differences existed in HLA matching or immunosuppression regimens. Acute tubular necrosis occurred in more FSGS adolescents compared to non-FSGS adolescents following LD (11% vs. 4.7%) or CD (25.1% vs. 17.8%) transplants (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in acute rejection rates between adolescents with FSGS and other adolescents. Graft survival was worse for LD FSGS adolescents (6 yr, 56%) compared to non-FSGS adolescents (77%) (p < 0.001) and was not significantly different from CD graft survival in FSGS (51%) or non-FSGS groups (61%). The relative risk (RR) of graft failure was greatest in LD transplant with FSGS (RR = 1.75; p < 0.001), compared to LD transplants without FSGS (RR = 1.0). Recurrent primary disease accounted for 15.2% of all graft failures in adolescents transplanted for FSGS with no difference between LD (17%) or CD (13.8%) grafts. Recurrent disease accounted for 3.2% of graft failures in adolescents without FSGS. Recurrent disease was the only cause of graft failure that differed between groups (p < 0.001). When compared to patients up to age 12 yr with FSGS, graft survival in both LD and CD transplants was worse in adolescents with FSGS (LD p = 0.035, CD p < 0.001). In conclusion, FSGS has a negative impact on graft survival in adolescents. Recurrence of FSGS results in a loss of the expected LD graft survival advantage in adolescents. Furthermore, adolescents with FSGS have decreased graft survival compared to younger children with FSGS. These data suggest that the rationale for LD transplantation in adolescents with FSGS should be based on factors other than the increased graft survival typically seen with LD transplantation.
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PMID:Outcome of renal transplantation in adolescents with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. 1245 1

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the primary diagnosis resulting in end-stage renal disease in approximately 12% of children receiving renal transplantation. Recurrent FSGS after transplantation is unpredictable and clear risk factors have not been identified. Post-transplantation, the incidence of acute tubular necrosis requiring dialysis is higher in children with FSGS compared with other diagnoses and may represent immediate severe recurrence. Graft survival is decreased in children with FSGS compared with other primary diagnoses, and the impact is greatest in recipients of living donor transplants. Graft loss caused by recurrent FSGS is significantly higher in living donor transplants compared with cadaveric donor transplants in children. Compared with adults, the impact of FSGS on graft survival appears to be greatest in children. White recipient race is associated with a higher risk of graft loss from recurrent FSGS. Efforts to elucidate the mechanisms of recurrent FSGS and to understand risk factors based on genetics, potential circulating cytokines and permeability factors, age and race must move forward before we can significantly impact outcomes in renal transplantation for FSGS.
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PMID:Outcomes after renal transplantation for FSGS in children. 1526 56

The adolescent population is particularly vulnerable to STDs. Those that cause significant kidney disease are of viral origin. The primary VVD are HIV-1, HBV, and HCV. Screening of high-risk populations should include quantitation of proteinuria, including total protein and microalbumin, to assess severity of renal damage and potential for progression. Renal biopsy is indicated for diagnosis and for planning important treatment interventions if there is significant proteinuria or decreased renal function. Causes of acute renal failure are frequently reversible and should be treated aggressively. These include HUS, vaso-motor or ischemic acute tubular necrosis, and drug toxicities. The spectrum of chronic kidney disease associated with VVD is broad and may include systemic manifestations of vasculitis. HIV-associated nephropathy is the prototype, with the most prevalent lesion remaining FSGS. Progression occurs in up to 15% of the patients, who are overwhelmingly of African lineage. Significant advances in management include ongoing development of HAART, angiotensin antagonists to control proteinuria, and novel immune-modulating drugs such as MMF, CsA, and rituximab. Dialysis therapies have offered improved survival, especially in pediatric patients. Moreover, transplantation is no longer considered experimental and should be offered to select patients.
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PMID:Renal manifestations of sexually transmitted diseases: sexually transmitted diseases and the kidney. 1584 83