Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022672 (acute tubular necrosis)
 2,175 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gram-negative bacterial infections were documented in 6 neonatal New World camelids (5 Ilamas and 1 alpaca). The organisms isolated from blood before death or from multiple organs after death were Escherichia coli (n = 3), Actinobacillus sp (n = 1), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 1). Only 2 crias survived, and 1 became blind secondary to retinal detachment and ocular inflammation, which developed after treatment for bacterial infection. Abnormal events during the perinatal period (prematurity, dystocia, cesarean section, weak at birth) were reported in all 6 crias. Signs of depression, convulsions, and/or coma were observed in all animals. Diarrhea and respiratory distress were also noticed in the 3 crias that died shortly after admission. Serum immunoglobulins were assessed, but without the benefit of a stall-side test specific for Ilama immunoglobulins. All crias were suspected to have poor transfer of maternal immunoglobulins. Hemograms and serum biochemical values prior to the initiation of treatment were obtained on 5 of the 6 crias. Total nucleated cells ranged from 1,400 to 23,100 cells/microliter. Four of the 5 crias has a left shift, and 2 crias had toxic neutrophils. Serum glucose concentrations, measured in 5 of 6 crias, ranged from 83 to 293 mg/dl. Serum creatinine values were high in 2 of 5 crias, 1 of which had acute tubular necrosis. Three crias with high serum electrolyte (sodium, chloride, or potassium) values subsequently died. Arterial blood gas values were assessed in 3 crias, 1 of which had respiratory alkalosis and mild hypoxemia.
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PMID:Gram-negative bacterial infection in neonatal New World camelids: six cases (1985-1991). 142 94

Urine sediment from 56 renal transplant recipients was tested cytologically. The recipients had 7 episodes of acute rejection (AR), 8 episodes of cyclosporin nephrotoxicity (CNT), acute tubular necrosis (ATN), combined complications, bacterial infection in 11, 6 and 16 cases, respectively. 12 patients had stable renal function. Cytospin preparations were made for Pappenheim staining. FACScan cytograms were obtained based on light scattering (cell size and granularity). Low cell count in patients with stable renal function and higher levels of mononuclear cells in all cases of a complicated postoperative period were seen. In acute tubular necrosis the sediment had a high scatter pattern, i.e. high density and large particles, while in cyclosporin nephrotoxicity renal epithelial cells had a low scatter pattern. Polymorphs were typical of the bacterial infection and acute tubular necrosis. Acute rejections were associated with elevated lymphocyte number. Microscopic examination revealed predominance of collect duct cells, lymphocytes with morphological signs of activation in acute rejection and proximal tubular cells in cyclosporin nephrotoxicity. Episodes of combined complications were difficult for diagnosis due to their mixed cellularity.
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PMID:[The cytology of the urinary sediment in the differential diagnosis of the complications in patients with kidney allografts]. 757 Nov 92

Boutonneuse fever is a bacterial infection caused by Rickettsia conorii. It occurs mainly in countries around the Mediterranean basin. Most cases are benign. However severe forms with major morbidity and a high mortality risk have been described. Severe forms often involve altered mental status, hepatic cytolysis, hemostatic disturbances, pneumopathy, and kidney failure. The causes of renal complications are unclear. The purpose of this report is to describe three cases of boutonneuse fever associated with acute kidney failure due to different underlying mechanisms, i.e., acute renal function failure, acute tubular necrosis, and extracapillary glomerulonephritis. While the first two mechanisms of kidney failure have been reported frequently in association with Boutonneuse fever, extracapillary glomerulonephritis has, to our knowledge, been mentioned only once. This case supports speculation that Rickettsia conorii has a toxic effect on glomeruli.
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PMID:[Acute renal insufficiency in Boutonneuse Mediterranean fever: description of three cases]. 1522 60

The time course of free radical reactions is evaluated by the authors. Within pretransplant patients as of their poorly functioning metabolism free radical overproduction may be observed, hence their antioxidant capacity decreases. When the graft is functioning well, the free radical-antioxidant balance of homeostasis is reestablished. During the early postoperative period, when symptoms (acute rejection, infection, acute tubular necrosis, cholestasis) appear, free radical reactions increase. The authors demonstrate, this is strengthened by the fact that the mediator [interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein, serum amyloid-A], and enzyme levels that take part in the free radical processes rise. The monitoring of these parameters during the early postoperative period is a good early indicator for acute rejection and for the effect of therapy. During acute rejection just as during infection most of these parameters increased significantly compared to the healthy control. They show the activation of the immune system but they are not useful for differential diagnosis, with the exception of IL-6 which we measured in larger quantities during bacterial infection but not so in acute rejection. For the prediction of early renal graft function we used urinary enzyme levels (dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase, glutathione-S-transferase). Tissue damage is followed by enzyme increasing and antioxidant capacity depletion. With choosing of adequate tests, the perioperative redox homeostasis of the transplanted patients can be monitored and with dosing the antioxidants the uncontrolled forming of reactive oxygen metabolites can also be decreased and checked.
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PMID:[Investigation of redox homeostasis in liver and renal transplant recipients]. 1834 64