Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022672 (acute tubular necrosis)
 2,175 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A woman with a history of drug allergy, renal impairment and carcinoma of the breast with pulmonary micrometastases developed haemolytic anaemia and Stevens-Johnson syndrome following the use of mefenamic acid, paracetamol (acetaminophen) and furosemide (frusemide). In addition there was severe cholestatic hepatitis in the absence of clinical evidence of sepsis, biliary obstruction or recurrent metastases. The rash resolved on steroid therapy but the patient eventually died from both renal and liver failure. Acute tubular necrosis with a background of chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis was also found at autopsy. Although in the presence of multiple drug therapy the causative agent cannot be identified with absolute certainty, the association of these severe idiosyncratic hepatic and dermatological reactions with haemolytic anaemia strongly suggests mefenamic acid as the most likely culprit.
 ...
PMID:A case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome, cholestatic hepatitis and haemolytic anaemia associated with use of mefenamic acid. 206 63

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been implicated as a cause of acute liver failure, acute renal failure, and acute autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Since NSAIDs are capable of causing serious injury to multiple organ systems, it is surprising that no one has observed multisystem involvement in any of the described patients. We describe two patients with multisystem involvement presumed to be secondary to NSAIDs. Both patients had renal failure consistent with acute tubular necrosis. Both patients had liver failure, one with hepatocellular disease and the other with a cholestatic picture. One patient had a Coombs'-positive hemolytic anemia.
 ...
PMID:Acute multisystem toxicity associated with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. 670 23

A 31-year-old patient was admitted to the hospital because of dark red urine which on examination was found to be due to extracellular hemoglobin. The cause of the hemoglobinuria was exposure to arsine gas from a cylinder thought to be empty. The worker's exposure time was approximately one to two minutes. The degree of hemolytic anemia required only one unit of packed red cells. The patient was hydrated intravenously to avoid acute tubular necrosis. The arsenic content in the urine taken was 0.72 mg/L on the day of admission and dropped to 0.1 mg/L on the fourth day of hospitalization. The patient was discharged eight days after admission, when clinical and hematological status had improved sufficiently. Occupational history revealed that protective procedures employed in the handling of the cylinders containing the arsine gas were inadequate. It was found that the valve on one of the cylinders was half-opened and leaking and that the dust caps, which were attached to the outside of the valves of the cylinders, were present on some and not on others and, where present, had been hand-tightened and not wrench-tightened. Moreover, the cylinders although specified to be empty, were not, according to regulations requiring pressure to be less than 25 pounds gauge or 45 absolute.
 ...
PMID:Arsine poisoning. 721 60

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired disorder characterized by low-grade, chronic hemolytic anemia accompanied by either thrombocytopenia or leucopenia. Kidney involvement is usually benign and secondary to chronic tubular deposition of hemosiderin. Acute renal failure may occur in association with a hemolytic crisis. We report the case of a 70-year-old Caucasian woman with PNH who developed reversible acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis following a gastointestinal illness. Renal biopsy demonstrated acute tubular necrosis with considerable hemosiderin deposition, but no evidence of vascular thrombosis.
 ...
PMID:Acute renal failure in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. 1152 96

Post-rifampicin (RMP) acute renal failure (ARF) is a complication seldom recognized of the antiTB treatment worldwide. The renal failure which occurs especially after intermittent administration of RMP is most frequent due to acute interstitial nephritis by allergic mechanism. In our study we found very few cases of acute tubular necrosis or glomerular lesions revealed by rapidly progressive glomerulo-nephritis or nephrotic syndrome. The renal lesions, accompanied by anuria and usually needing hemodialysis, were associated to auto-immune hemolytic anemia, trombocytopenia, hepatic failure and gastro-intestinal disturbances. The authors review their experience (60 cases), representing about half of the cases published worldwide. The main causes of this high prevalence of post-RMP ARF in Romania are discussed: intermittent twice-a-week RMP treatment, high incidence of TB, lack of compliance to treatment, possible contribution of some by-substances in RMP capsule. We described the clinic, biology and evolution of this dangerous and underestimated entity. We compared our experience with the published data, discussing the etiology and pathogenesis, trying to design the fine portrait of this ailment.
 ...
PMID:[Post-rifampicin acute renal failure--serious, but seldom recognized complication of the anti-tuberculosis treatment]. 1197 98

Bee venom is a complex substance, which acts in several tissues. Although severe allergic reactions have occurred after one or more stings, several deaths have been reported without allergic manifestations, emphasizing the toxic effects of massive poisoning. A number of about 500 stings have been considered necessary to cause death by direct toxicity, but as few as 30-50 stings have proved fatal in children. Among the major toxic effects are hemolytic anemia, acute renal failure (ARF), and shock. ARF may be due to a common toxic-ischemic mechanism with hypovolemic or anaphylactic shock, pigment tubulopathy (myoglobinuria and hemoglobinuria), or acute tubular necrosis (ATN) from a direct kidney toxicity of the venom. We present a case of rhabdomyolysis and hemolysis with consequent ARF which developed after about 800 bee stings. The patient recovered completely after peritoneal dialysis.
 ...
PMID:Acute renal failure following massive attack by Africanized bee stings. 1218 70

We report a 55-year-old male with a diagnosis of intravascular lymphoma and hemophagocytosis. He initially presented with hemolytic anemia and splenomegaly and was successfully treated with oral steroids. His clinical course was later complicated by fever, cytopenias, hypoalbuminemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, gastrointestinal bleeding and acute tubular necrosis. Results of an extensive investigation for fever of unknown origin were negative. Although the patient was treated aggressively with antimicrobials, transfusion support and dialysis, he expired 3 weeks after hospitalization. Post-mortem analysis revealed large CD30- and CD45-positive lymphoma cells in an intravascular distribution in most of the organs studied. Histopathology of the spleen and bone marrow was significant for fulminant hemophagocytosis.
 ...
PMID:Intravascular lymphoma associated with hemophagocytic syndrome: a rare but aggressive clinical entity. 1465 9

Phenazopyridine (Pyridium) is a commonly used urinary tract analgesic. It has been associated with yellow skin discoloration, hemolytic anemia, methemoglobinemia, and acute renal failure, especially in patients with preexisting kidney disease. We report a 17-year-old female with vertically transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, presenting with acute renal failure and methemoglobinemia following a suicidal attempt with a single 1,200 mg ingestion of Pyridium. She had no prior evidence of HIV nephropathy. The patient had a progressive nonoliguric renal failure on the 3rd day following the ingestion. She was treated with N-acetylcysteine, intravenous carnitine, and alkalinization of the urine. Her kidney biopsy revealed acute tubular necrosis with no glomerular changes. After 7 days of conservative management, she was discharged home with normal kidney function. To our knowledge, this is the second smallest amount of Pyridium overdose resulting in acute renal failure with no previous history of kidney disease.
 ...
PMID:Acute renal failure due to phenazopyridine (Pyridium) overdose: case report and review of the literature. 1689 3

Escherichia coli strains producing Shiga toxins (Stxs) colonize the lower gastrointestinal tract and cause watery diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). HUS is characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure. Oliguria associated with acute tubular necrosis and microangiopathic thrombosis has been reported as the most common cause of renal failure in Argentinean children. Our study was undertaken to obtain a model of HUS in rats that was similar to the clinical and renal histopathology findings described in humans. Rats were intraperitoneally inoculated with culture supernatant from recombinant E. coli expressing Stx2. Glomerular filtrate volume evaluated from clearance of creatinine resulted in a progressive reduction (from 53% at 24 h to 90% at 48 h). Urine volume increased significantly at 24 h but returned to normal levels at 48 h. Evidence of thrombocytopenia, anemia and leukocytosis was documented. Macroscopic analysis revealed a hyperemic peritoneal face with intestinal water accumulation. The kidneys were friable and congestive. Histopathological analysis showed glomerular and tubular necrosis as well as microangiopathic thrombosis. Our findings indicated vascular damage and kidney lesions similar to those described in humans with HUS.
 ...
PMID:Development of an experimental hemolytic uremic syndrome in rats. 1825 62

We report two children with hemolytic anemia during the course of hepatitis A infection. On admission, the patients had high blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid levels, as well as anemia, leucocytosis, and direct and indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Both patients had a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) and autoimmune antibodies. They were given vitamin K on admission. Inadvertent administration of vitamin K could have been related to an acute reduction in hemoglobin concentration. To prevent renal damage, plasmapheresis with fresh frozen plasma was done to clear bilirubin and plasma hemoglobin. The hyperbilirubinemia responded to plasmapheresis. However, acute tubular necrosis complicated the clinical course in one patient, and several sessions of hemodialysis were required. In conclusion, intravascular hemolysis should be considered in patients with hepatitis A infection, marked hyperbilirubinemia, and anemia. Although hepatitis A vaccination is not yet recommended for routine administration, high-risk patients, including those with a G6PD deficiency, should be vaccinated against hepatitis A.
 ...
PMID:Etiology of hemolysis in two patients with hepatitis A infection: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency or autoimmune hemolytic anemia. 1832 Feb 20


1 2 Next >>