Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022575 (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
 772 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mean (+/- SD) value for results of the Schirmer tear test without use of topical anesthesia on 142 rabbit eyes was 5.30 (+/- 2.96) mm/min; range was 15 mm/min, with low value of 0 and high value of 15 mm/min. Two SD from the mean provided a normal clinical range of 0 to 11.2 mm/min for inclusion of 95% of the population. Significant differences were not evident between eye (right vs left) or gender or among breeds; interaction among eye, gender, and breed also was not observed. Although mean values for 2 breeds were significantly different from values in the other 10 breeds and from each other, they were still within the proposed normal range of 2 SD. The Schirmer tear test without topical anesthesia may be useful in rabbits for evaluation of increased values correlated with ocular irritation, rather than for determination of decreased values associated with keratoconjunctivitis sicca.
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PMID:Evaluation of the Schirmer tear test in clinically normal rabbits. 208 16

An unpreserved artificial tear substitute containing 0.1% sodium hyaluronate was compared with a preparation containing 1.4% polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5% chlorobutanol in a controlled, double-masked, randomized study in patients with moderately severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Patients were evaluated initially, at 1, 4, and 8 weeks. The dry-eye status was evaluated by means of tear-film osmolality, tear breakup time, rose bengal staining, Schirmer's test (without anesthesia), and ocular surface-impression cytology. In general, neither preparation was found to be superior to the other. In both study groups, the mean tear-film osmolality and rose bengal staining score improved over the eight-week study, but the degree of squamous metaplasia of the bulbar conjunctival surface, as shown by impression cytology, did not change significantly.
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PMID:Sodium hyaluronate and polyvinyl alcohol artificial tear preparations. A comparison in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. 245 94

The systemic administration of an anesthetic dosage of a combination of xylazine and ketamine hydrochloride produced an acute exposure keratopathy which progressed into a syndrome resembling keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Within a few minutes corneal changes occurred that were characterized by viscous mucus, loss of corneal luster and dryness. Other acute but transient changes included development of cataracts, mydriasis and proptosis. Progressive changes were observed in the cornea within 4 days which lasted at least 8 weeks in some cases, and included punctate epithelial keratopathy progressing to devitalized or keratinized epithelial plaques. Polymorphonuclear cell infiltration of the corneal stroma associated with plaques occurred. Epithelial denudation and neovascularization of the cornea, dilation and engorgement of iridial blood vessels, as well as flare in the anterior chamber were also seen. The ocular lesions induced by xylazine/ketamine should be considered carefully when designing or interpreting research on the anterior segment. Ketamine hydrochloride with sodium pentobarbital produced excellent anesthesia without any significant ocular side-effects and may be preferred in many instances.
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PMID:Keratoconjunctivitis sicca with associated secondary uveitis elicited in rats after systemic xylazine/ketamine anesthesia. 259 1

Sixty consecutive patients with active ocular rosacea underwent Schirmer's test without anesthesia. A randomly selected group of 120 patients without rosacea, matched for age and sex, served as controls. The prevalence of dry eyes was significantly greater in the patients with rosacea. The coexistence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and ocular rosacea probably causes a high level of symptoms that lead patients to examination and recognition.
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PMID:Association of rosacea and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. 623 Oct 13

Conjunctival resection is an effective therapeutic modality for the treatment of a marginal furrow associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Rapid reepithelialization was observed following this procedure for the treatment of five such stromal ulcers that occurred in three rheumatoid patients. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca was diagnosed in two of these patients. In four of five ulcers, minimal healing resulted from a prior trial of patching. Conjunctival resection was performed as the primary therapeutic procedure in one case in which perforation seemed possible. A literature review uncovered an additional nine such ulcers in six rheumatoid patients treated by conjunctival resection. In each case corneal healing was observed soon after the procedure. No recurrences were reported on 4- to 24-month follow-ups. This procedure has proven to be effective in each of our rheumatoid corneal ulcers and in each of the case reports in the literature. It would appear to work more reliably than subconjunctival heparin, topical anticollagenases, or immunosuppression. Conjunctival resection is a simple minor room procedure performed under topical anesthesia. It carries minimal risk for the patient. The early use of this technique for rheumatoid stromal ulcers is advocated, especially when the area of ulceration is extensive, when the stromal loss is progressive, and when stromal reserve is minimal. Early conjunctival resection can shorten the hospital stay, and in more severe cases could prevent perforation. Based on successful treatment in a combined total of 14 peripheral rheumatoid corneal ulcerations, the authors believe conjunctival resection should have a more prominent place in the treatment of this condition.
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PMID:Conjunctival resection for the treatment of the rheumatoid corneal ulceration. 670 25

Twenty eyes of 10 dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) were treated by occlusion of the ventral nasolacrimal punctum with a silicone punctal plug in order to increase the volume of the remaining tear lake. Punctal size was measured using a commercially available punctal gauge and the appropriate sized plug was inserted under local anaesthesia. Seven dogs showed an increase in Schirmer tear test I (STT) value. STT values immediately prior to plug placement were 2.3 +/- 1.7 mm/minute. STT values with punctal occlusion were 6.1 +/- 4.1 mm/minute, giving a mean increase of 3.8 +/- 2.7 mm/minute (P<0.001). In 14 eyes of eight dogs, the increase in STT values was accompanied by a clinical improvement in the appearance of the ocular surface. In the three dogs with no increase in STT values, the use of punctal plugs reduced the frequency of artificial tear replacement therapy required to maintain a healthy ocular surface. These results show that use of punctal plugs in dogs with KCS may be appropriate where other lacrimomimetic medications have been unsuccessful.
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PMID:Use of punctal occlusion in the treatment of canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca. 1246 62