Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022575 (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
 772 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We followed 210 cases of JRA closely for 14 years. Thirty-six patients (17.2%) developed iridocyclitis; it most frequently occurred in young females (0-4 years) with monarticular or pauciarticular form of the disease. In 30% of the patients iridocyclitis was first detected after 16 years of age. Forty-two percent had active iridocyclitis on entry. By combining quantitative antinuclear antibody titers with age, sex, and time on onset of arthritis, it has been possible to define the risk of developing iridocyclitis in individual patients. Our approach was effective in detecting iridocyclitis in new cases and exacerbations of the disease in established cases. Forty-four percent of patients with iridocyclitis had one or more identifiable early signs or symptoms. Iridocyclitis in 36% of patients did not respond to more than 6 months of intensive topical treatment with corticosteroids and mydriatics. Despite this statistic, patients had a better outcome than those experiencing the 50% incidence of blinding complications cited in earlier studies. Cataract and band keratopathy occurred in only 19% and 11% of our group, respectively. Only one case of chorioretinopathy was found in 173 patients who had received antimalarials; a significant number of posterior subcapsular cataracts were found in 75 patients who had received systemic corticosteroids. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca developed in 3 patients with iridocyclitis. Surgical treatment of cataracts, band keratopathy, and glaucoma achieved uniformly discouraging results.
 ...
PMID:The ocular manifestations of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. 26 99

We followed 210 cases of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis closely for eleven years. Thirty-six of the 210 patients (17.2%) developed iridocyclitis. Iridocyclitis was seen most frequently in young female patients (0 to 4 years) with the monoarticular or pauciatricular form of the arthritis. However, 30% of the patients developed uveitis after 16 years of age. Although 61% of patients had a noncontributory ocular history on entry, 42% had active uveitis on entry. Our approach was effective in detecting uveitis in new cases and exacerbations of uveitis in established cases. Forty-four percent of patients with uveitis had one or more identifiable signs or symptoms, such as red eye, ocular pain, decreased visual acuity, or photophobia, in order of decreasing frequency. Even after early detection and prompt treatment, 41% of cases of uveitis did not respond to more than six months of intensive topical treatment with corticosteroids and mydriatics. Despite this, there was a dramatic decrease in the 50% incidence of blinding complications of uveitis cited in earlier studies. Cataract and band keratopathy occurred in only 22 and 13% of our group, respectively. We used chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine in 173 of 210 cases and found only one case of chorioretinopathy attributable to these drugs. Systemically administered corticosteroids were used in 75 of 210 cases; a significant number of posterior subcapsular cataracts was found. Typical keratoconjunctivitis sicca developed in three of the uveitis cases. This association with uveitis and JRA was not noted previously. Surgical treatment of cataracts, band keratopathy, and glaucoma achieved uniformly discouraging results.
 ...
PMID:Ocular manifestations of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. 107 93

Three hundred and fifteen patients with anterior uveitis and juvenile chronic arthritis were reviewed in order to determine the incidence, visual prognosis, and the clinical characteristics of the intraocular inflammation. The overall incidence of uveitis was 20%. Approximately 25% of patients had relatively mild and/or transient involvement and an excellent visual prognosis. In 50% the uveitis was more severe but could be controlled with topical medication. In the remaining 25% the visual prognosis was poor due to the intractable nature of the uveitis and the subsequent development of vision-threatening complications. The majority of patients (74%) were under the age of 8 years when the uveitis was first diagnosed. Clinically, the intraocular inflammation was most frequently an asymptomatic, chronic, non-granulomatous, iridocyclitis which was bilateral in 71% of cases. Other ocular lesions, which were rare, included keratoconjunctivitis sicca and corneal melting.
 ...
PMID:Uveitis in juvenile chronic arthritis: incidence, clinical features and prognosis. 325 2

We have demonstrated the reversibility of corneal endothelial changes which accompany superficial keratopathy (superficial punctate keratitis, exposure keratopathy, chemical keratopathy and keratoconjunctivitis sicca), stromal keratitis and anterior uveitis (predominantly iridocyclitis). These changes include small subendothelial dark areas equal to or less than one cell in diameter and larger subendothelial dark areas up to two to four cells in diameter. These dark areas are similar but form two groups. The smaller ones may be due to oedema, some developing into larger dark areas, but it is also possible that smaller dark areas represent inflammatory cells or even local destruction of endothelial cells. The larger dark areas elevate the overlying endothelium. Either may be very numerous. They may be present together or separately. They become much less numerous and disappear with resolution or suppression of the acute keratitis or uveitis. The relief mode of corneal specular microscopy was used to distinguish these dark areas from other inflammatory and degenerative changes (such as fine inflammatory deposits, larger keratic precipitates, pigment deposits and guttatae at the level of the corneal endothelium).
 ...
PMID:Reversible corneal endothelial cell changes in diseases of the anterior segment. 343 71

In a prospective study of 325 patients with adult rheumatoid arthritis, ocular complications were seen in 73 patients (22.4%). Keratoconjunctivitis sicca was the most common ocular lesion. Other lesions were episcleritis, scleritis, marginal thinning of the cornea with keratolysis, stromal corneal opacities with peripheral vascularisation, and iridocyclitis. The mean duration of the arthritis and the mean duration of seropositivity were found to be significantly higher in patients with ocular complications. Physicians should include ophthalmic examination as a routine in their protocol for patients with rheumatoid arthritis to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of ocular complications.
 ...
PMID:Ocular complications of adult rheumatoid arthritis. 885 25