Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022575 (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
 772 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vital staining with a tetrazolium - alcian blue mixture gave a characteristic punctate red staining of the superior or the inferior tarsus in 69% of all examined patients with chronic simple conjuctivitis (69 patients subjected to 168 examinations). The superior tarsus was more frequently stained than the inferior (61% against 33%). The staining was most often concentrated centrally or in the middle anterior part of the superior tarsus. If located on the inferior tarsus, it was most often found medially, anteriorly. No corresponding staining was seen in normal eyes. The differential diagnosis involving keratoconjunctivitis sicca and pemphigoid is mentioned. The staining is due to enzymatic reduction of tetrazolium in the cytoplasm of the tarsal epithelial cells. The positive vital staining finding is consistent with a diagnosis of chronic simple conjunctivitis.
 ...
PMID:The diagnosis of chronic simple conjunctivitis. Vital staining of tarsus with tetrazolium - alcian blue mixture. 5 75

In a study of 112 patients (49 men, 63 women) with psoriatic arthritis, ocular inflammation was noted in 35 (31.2%). Conjunctivitis was the most common lesion, being found in 19.6% (10 males, 12 females). Iritis occurred in 7.1% (5 men, 3 women), episcleritis in 1.8% (1 man, 1 woman), and keratoconjunctivitis sicca in 2.7% (3 women). 20 patients (10 men, 10 women) had radiological sacroiliitis and 11 of these (7 men, 4 women) had ankylosing spondylitis according to the New York criteria. Eye lesions were noted in 7 of the patients with sacroiliitis, 3 having iritis (15%) and 4 (20%) conjunctivitis. 2 patients with spondylitis had iritis (18%) and 1 (9%) conjunctivitis. It is concluded that inflammatory eye lesions are a frequent accompaniment to psoriatic arthritis. This is taken as further evidence for the concept of the seronegative spondyloarthritides.
 ...
PMID:Eye inflammation in psoriatic arthritis. 97 Sep 93

Infection by FHV-1 is one of the most common ophthalmic diseases of domestic cats worldwide. Although the usual manifestations are conjunctivitis and keratitis, infection with this virus has been linked to a variety of other ophthalmic syndromes of cats, including keratoconjunctivitis sicca and corneal sequestration. Ocular FHV-1 infection of cats provides a significant diagnostic challenge to the practicing veterinarian because, in chronic cases, antigen detection tests often yield negative results. Although therapy for FHV-1 infections of cats is often difficult, the recent development of nontoxic antiviral drugs that demonstrate considerable efficacy against FHV-1 offers hope for improved therapeutic success in the future.
 ...
PMID:Feline herpesvirus ocular disease. 216 58

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is the major cause of chronic or recurrent conjunctivitis in dogs. The diagnosis of KCS is often delayed or mistaken for allergic or bacterial conjunctivitis and inappropriate or insufficient treatment leads to progressive corneal scarring and blindness in many dogs. The cause of KCS in dogs has not been proven, but evidence supports an immune-mediated etiology for the majority of cases. In an attempt to specifically treat the cause of KCS, a new immunosuppressant drug, cyclosporine, has been used in a topical preparation. Treatment results using ophthalmic cyclosporine are dramatic compared with historical treatments. Resolution of corneal scarring and increased lacrimation are seen in most dogs. Investigations of the mechanism of action of ophthalmic cyclosporine suggest the efficacy may have been serendipitous. A local neuroendocrine effect of cyclosporine on the lacrimal gland may actually be responsible for the increased lacrimation. Early diagnosis of KCS and treatment with ophthalmic cyclosporine may avert a major cause of blindness in dogs.
 ...
PMID:A new perspective on canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Treatment with ophthalmic cyclosporine. 219 49

The authors found the tear lactoferrin content in normal Chinese adults to be 1.46 +/- 0.32 mg/ml (mean +/- 1 SD), and the mean counting rate of its unsaturated binding power of iron 63,660 +/- 17,010/min/ml (mean +/- 1 SD), with very significant positive correlation between the two, irrespective of sex or eye distinction. Tear lactoferrin began to decrease after 40 years of age, and remarkably so after 70. The authors deemed the measurement of tear lactoferrin a reliable and sensitive marker for the diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. In patients with bacterial corneal ulcer and acute catarrhal conjunctivitis, the lactoferrin content in tears was normal, in chronic catarrhal conjunctivitis, the unsaturated binding power of iron was decreased.
 ...
PMID:[Tear lactoferrin content in normal Chinese adults and various ocular diseases]. 263 7

Thirty-six sequential cases of canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) were treated with ophthalmic cyclosporine. The effects of topical cyclosporine were twofold: (1) cyclosporine increased tear production by 5 mm/min or greater in all cases of spontaneous KCS having an initial Schirmer's Tear Test value greater than 2 mm/min and in 59% of eyes with an initial Schirmer's Tear Test value of 0 to 2 mm/min, and (2) cyclosporine caused marked regression of chronic corneal neovascularization and granulation even in eyes in which lacrimation failed to improve. Additional benefits of topical cyclosporine were reduced mucopurulent conjunctivitis, rapid healing of nonhealing corneal ulcers, and reduced dependence on frequent topical treatments of KCS. Twelve normal beagles treated with topical cyclosporine also had a reversible increase in lacrimation compared with baseline or placebo control-treated dogs.
 ...
PMID:Spontaneous canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca. A useful model for human keratoconjunctivitis sicca: treatment with cyclosporine eye drops. 275 51

Megavoltage x-radiation was used to treat orbital nasal, and paranasal cavity malignant neoplasia in 29 dogs. In each instance, the globe and adnexal tissues were within the treatment portals (entry and/or exit). Doses administered to tumors ranged from 3,680 to 5,000 cGy. Ocular reactions after irradiation were classified as mild in 5 of 29 cases (17.2%) and severe in 17 of 29 cases (58.6%). No ocular complications were noticed in 7 of 29 cases (24.1%). Complications frequently noticed included severe keratitis (41%), mild conjunctivitis (34%), severe conjunctivitis (28%), cataract (28%), and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (24%). Ocular complications that developed were not life threatening, but posed a threat to visual function and patient quality of life. Treatment for the complications included control of bacterial infection, reduction of tissue inflammation, and ocular surface protection when tear film deficiencies were noticed. Mild complications represented acute effects of irradiation, and typically resolved. Severe complications developed both acutely and as late irradiation effects. Those attributed to late irradiation effects were more vision threatening and altered the quality of life more than did the early effects.
 ...
PMID:Ophthalmic complications following megavoltage irradiation of the nasal and paranasal cavities in dogs. 310 20

Relatively few morphological studies on human cornea have been performed due to the difficulty in obtaining material. The specimens may be obtained either by superficial scraping-off, limited to the epithelial layer, or from corneal buttons obtained at keratoplasty. Conjunctiva, on the other hand, may be obtained by painless biopsy. We have studied the three-dimensional ultrastructure of the normal cornea and conjunctiva and in the course of various diseases where the application of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) seemed to be useful. In the cornea, we studied Fuchs' endo-epithelial dystrophy. In the conjunctiva, we analysed the ultrastructural characteristics of adenovirus follicular conjunctivitis, hay fever conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. We also considered the problem of contact lens wearing, studying by SEM both the conjunctival tissue and the discarded lenses. On the basis of our results we conclude that SEM supplies useful information which integrates that obtained by biomicroscopy, used by clinicians to interpret the lesions at microscopic level. It is, however, indispensable to carry out, in addition to SEM, an examination on sections to completely investigate the disease.
 ...
PMID:Scanning electron microscopy study of human cornea and conjunctiva in normal and various pathological conditions. 387 77

Six overweight patients, five men and the first woman to be reported, are described with floppy eyelid syndrome. Five patients had bilateral ocular involvement. Only two patients were free of other ocular surface problems. Concurrent diagnoses included blepharitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, lagophthalmos, medicamentosal conjunctivitis, molluscum contagiosum, and masquerade syndrome. Five patients responded to appropriate therapy, which included shielding the eyes during sleep. Three patients underwent a horizontal lid tightening procedure, which resulted in permanent correction of their floppy eyelids and resolution of their ocular signs and symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Floppy eyelid syndrome. Management including surgery. 395 25

Forty-one homosexually active men had ophthalmologic and immunologic evaluations. Four of eight with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) had abnormal ocular findings that included cotton-wool spots, retinal hemorrhages, cytomegalovirus, retinitis and conjunctivitis due to cytomegalovirus, and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The other four patients with AIDS and 33 homosexual male controls had normal ocular examinations. Patients with AIDS and abnormal eye findings had a notably lower total leukocyte count, absolute lymphocyte count, percentage T-helper lymphocytes, helper-suppressor lymphocyte ratio, hematocrit level, and platelet count than patients with AIDS and normal results on eye examination or controls. All patients with AIDS and abnormal eye examination results died; the four other patients with AIDS and normal eye findings remain alive. These observations suggest that ophthalmologic abnormalities are common in patients with AIDS, are associated with severe immunoregulatory abnormalities, and carry a poor prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Ophthalmologic findings in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). 632 Jul 85


1 2 3 4 Next >>