Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intrastromal injection with human serum albumin (HSA) in the rabbit cornea induced edema and a ring-shaped leukocyte infiltrate followed by neovascularization. The effect of topically administered lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase inhibitors on this inflammatory keratitis was studied. The lipoxygenase inhibitors Bay 08276 and Rev 5901 and the cyclooxygenase inhibitor suprofen were given as 1% eye drops three times daily during the experiment. In eyes treated with lipoxygenase inhibitors leukocyte infiltration, neovascularization and edema formation decreased. In eyes treated with a cyclooxygenase inhibitor the period of neovascularization was slightly shortened and corneal edema decreased. No influence on leukocyte infiltration was seen.
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PMID:Modulation of immunogenic keratitis in rabbits by topical administration of inhibitors of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase. 245 19

The paper describes the topical anti-inflammatory activity of 2-(2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)aminothiazole hydrochloride (CBS-113 A), a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase and a potent free radical scavenger. When applied in eye drops (0.01 to 0.1% according to the model used), the drug inhibited inflammation in experimental conjunctivitis and uveitis induced by various procedures (e.g. paracentesis, endotoxin, S-antigen, albumin, Fe2+). The compound also inhibited leukocyte infiltration and histamine release when administered locally in pleural cavity with carrageenan. CBS-113 A could decrease plasma leakage induced by arachidonic acid or platelet activating factor in skin and airway, respectively. However, it was devoid of any activity when administered by systemic route. The compound appears as a potentially useful anti-inflammatory drug, in particular in ophthalmology and as an alternative to glucocorticoids, since it does not present the side effects of these steroids (e.g. worsening of herpetic keratitis).
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PMID:2-(2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)aminothiazole hydrochloride as a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase and a free radical scavenger. 2nd communication: anti-inflammatory activity. 251 93

Prostaglandin D2 is a secondary mast cell mediator that causes redness, chemosis, mucous discharge, and eosinophil chemotaxis in the eye. It may play an important role in allergic ocular disease. Although histamine is a key mediator of allergic inflammation, antihistamine therapy provides only symptomatic relief. We added aspirin therapy to the treatment regimen of three patients with vernal conjunctivitis. Aspirin acetylates the enzyme cyclooxygenase, thereby preventing the formation of prostaglandin D2. Within two weeks after initiation of aspirin therapy, we noted dramatic improvement in conjunctival and episcleral redness and resolution of keratitis and limbal infiltration. We recommend a trial of oral aspirin as adjunctive therapy for intractable cases of vernal conjunctivitis.
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PMID:Aspirin therapy in vernal conjunctivitis. 657 38

In experimental immunogenic keratitis, provoked in rabbits by intracorneal injection of 20 microliters of human serum albumin (HSA), various anti-inflammatory agents were studied in their effects on corneal edema, neovascularisation and leukocyte infiltration. Prophylactic treatment with a corticosteroid completely prevented the occurrence of keratitis. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as a cyclooxygenase inhibitor partly prevented neovascularisation and corneal edema, a lipoxygenase inhibitor, a leukotriene antagonist or platelet-activating factor (PAF)-antagonist BN 52021 partially prevented mainly leukocyte infiltration. Prophylactic topical treatment with the poly-unsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and columbinic acid or a dietary supplement with fish oil showed less symptoms of keratitis in all respects.
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PMID:Antagonists and inhibitors of lipid mediators in experimental inflammation of the cornea. 810 42

Fungal pathogens constitute serious threats for many forms of life. The pathogenic fungi Fusarium and Colletotrichum and their formae speciales (f. spp.) infect many types of crops with severe consequences and Fusarium oxysporum can also induce keratitis and allergic conditions in humans. These fungi code for homologues of dioxygenase-cytochrome P450 (DOX-CYP) fusion proteins of the animal heme peroxidase (cyclooxygenase) superfamily. The objective was to characterize the enzymatic activities of the DOX-CYP homologue of Colletotrichum graminicola (EFQ34869) and the DOX homologue of F. oxysporum (EGU79548). The former oxidized oleic and linoleic acids in analogy with 7,8-linoleate diol synthases (LDSs), but with the additional biosynthesis of 8,11-dihydroxylinoleic acid. The latter metabolized fatty acids to hydroperoxides with broad substrate specificity. It oxidized 20:4n-6 and 18:2n-6 to hydroperoxides with an R configuration at the (n-10) positions, and other n-6 fatty acids in the same way. [11S-(2)H]18:2n-6 was oxidized with retention and [11R-(2)H]18:2n-6 with loss of deuterium, suggesting suprafacial hydrogen abstraction and oxygen insertion. Fatty acids of the n-3 series were oxidized less efficiently and often to hydroperoxides with an R configuration at both (n-10) and (n-7) positions. The enzyme spans 1426 amino acids with about 825 residues in the N-terminal domain with DOX homology and 600 residues at the C-terminal domain without homology to other enzymes. We conclude that fungal oxylipins can be formed by two novel subfamilies of cyclooxygenase-related DOX.
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PMID:Discovery of a Novel Linoleate Dioxygenase of Fusarium oxysporum and Linoleate Diol Synthase of Colletotrichum graminicola. 2643 98