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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pretreatment of human fibroblast cultures with human leukocyte interferon (HIF, 1,000 IU/ml) resulted in a 24-h delay of virus replication after infection with vaccinia virus and herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. Additional HIF treatment 24 h after infection effectively lowered the maximum yield of viral infectivity. Equal results were obtained in simian cells with 3,000 IU of HIF per ml. The spread of two cell-bound herpesviruses, varicella zoster virus and Medical Lake macaque herpesvirus, was inhibited by 2,000 IU of HIF per ml in human fibroblasts and Vero cells, respectively. Varicella zoster virus infectivity was notably reduced by HIF, whereas the latter system showed a low sensitivity. To study the effect of HIF in the infected cornea, keratitis was induced experimentally in both eyes of 12 rhesus monkeys and 12 African green monkeys by inoculation with vaccinia virus and herpes simplex virus, respectively. In each monkey one eye served as a control for the full cycle of disease. In the other eye HIF treatment was initiated prophylactically 15 h before or simultaneously with the challenge virus infection or 6 to 20 h postinfectionally or therapeutically after onset of the disease, and the treatment was continued for 2 to 7 days. Prophylactic and simultaneous administration equally resulted in inhibition of both vaccinia and herpes keratitis. Postinfectional and therapeutic administration of interferon moderated the course of keratitis slightly and shortened the period of virus shedding.
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PMID:Effect of human leukocyte interferon on vaccinia-and herpes virus-infected cell cultures and monkey corneas. 16 24

Seventy-three patients with herpetic epithelial keratitis were randomly divided into three groups and were treated by local applications of human leukocyte interferon, thermocautery plus human leukocyte interferon, or thermocautery plus mock human leukocyte interferon to obtain information on whether therapy with human leukocyte interferon can serve as a substitute for mechanical debridement of the involved epithelium or can improve the results when given as additional therapy. Fifty-five patients (75%) yielded herpes simplex virus before treatment, and only the results in these patients with keratitis of proved viral etiology were included in the analysis. These results indicated that mechanical debridement cannot be replaced with local application of human leukocyte interferon (3-4 X 10(4) units per day). When given in addition to thermocautery, human leukocyte interferon may have been of some value in a number of patients. However, the results were not statistically significant. A more potent dosage of human leukocyte interferon might provide better results.
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PMID:Interferon in treatment of dendritic keratitis in humans: a preliminary report. 18 Jan 97

In a controlled clinical study, 42 patients with dendritic keratitis were treated either with thermocautery plus human leukocyte interferon (HLI) or with minimal wiping debridement plus HLI. The results show that the efficiency with which primary debridement was carried out, determined the success of further therapy using interferon. We conclude that interferon works basically as a prophylactic agent and needs the support of further antiviral measures to be effective against dendritic keratitis.
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PMID:Role of debridement and interferon in the treatment of dendritic keratitis. 30 83

Thirty-eight patients with virologically proven dendritic keratitis were treated using either debridement plus human leukocyte interferon (HLI) or debridement plus human fibroblast interferon (HFI) in a randomized, double-blind study. We administered one drop of HLI or HFI (1 X 10(6) reference units/ml) daily and found no significant difference in the action of either type of interferon.
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PMID:Human leukocyte and fibroblast interferon in a combination therapy of dendritic keratitis. 31 Feb 69

The prophylactic potency of topically applied human leukocyte interferon and human fibroblast interferon was compared in a monkey model with herpes simplex virus type 1-induced keratitis. Both interferons effectively prevented keratitis at 1.9 X 10(6) U of activity per ml but were ineffective at 1.9 X 10(3) U/ml. Slight differences between human leukocyte interferon and human fibroblast interferon observed at the level of 1.9 X 10(5) U/ml were not statistically significant.
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PMID:Comparative evaluation of human leukocyte and fibroblast interferon in the prevention of herpes simplex virus keratitis in a monkey model. 40 74

Aqueous humor from 33 herpes patients, 4 zoster patients, and 14 patients with etiologically unclear anterior uveitis was cultured for the presence of herpes viruses. Nine taps from 8 herpes patients with corneal endothelial disease and/or anterior uveitis yielded herpes simplex virus. In the case of one patient two taps were positive at 14 days' interval. Control cultures from the surface of conjunctiva and cornea were consistently virus-negative. Analysis of the virus-positive cases displayed three remarkable features: 1. Secondary glaucoma was uniformly present. This in itself is an indication for culturable herpes simplex virus in the aqueous. 2. Three clinical pictures could be differentiated biomicroscopically: focal iritis, peripheral endotheliitis, and prolonged disciform keratitis. 3. In a proportion of cases, tissue damage resulting from associated immune reactions seems to be more important for the functional outcome than tissue damage by viral cytolysis itself. After having tried several antiviral substances (trifluorothymidine topically, adeninearabinoside-monophosphate intravenously, human leukocyte interferon intramuscularly and intracamerally) we presently favour a topical combination therapy consisting of trifluorothymidine and steroids. This must be complemented by cycloplegics and--in cases of high intraocular pressure--by acetazolamide.
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PMID:[Herpes simplex virus isolations from the aqueous humor of patients suffering from focal iritis, endotheliitis, and prolonged disciform keratitis with glaucoma (author's transl)]. 54 18

There were 40 virologically confirmed cases of dendritic keratitis treated in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. After thermomechanical debridement of the corneal epithelium, the patients received two drops of human leukocyte interferon (HLI) twice daily. The activity was 3 X 10(-6) units/ml. HLI significantly accelerated healing and inhibited virus shedding. It remains to be studied whether HLI will be equally effective in the prophylaxis of late herpes recurrences.
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PMID:Successful treatment of dendritic keratitis with human leukocyte interferon. A controlled clinical study. 79 37

A double-blind clinical trial of human leukocyte interferon is in progress for assessment of the effect of this substance on recurrences of herpetic keratitis. Although human leukocyte interferon is highly effective in preventing infection in owl monkeys (protection from infection and prevention of recurrences correlate well in lower animals), there is no difference between the frequency of recurrences in placebo-treated patients and that in interferon-treated patients. Forty-nine patients have been treated with interferon, and 46 have received placebo; there have been seven recurrences (with herpes simplex virus isolated) in each group. The interferon used is highly stable both in storage in the laboratory and in clinical use. Because the titer of interferon in this study (6.4 X 10(4) units/ml) may be too low to accomplish our prophylactic needs, attempts are being made to use the material in more concentrated form.
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PMID:Human leukocyte interferon for the prevention of recurrences of herpetic keratitis. 81 96

The 50% infectious dose of a preparation of herpes simplex virus was measured in eyes of rabbits by a multiple corneal inoculation method. One hour after inoculation of virus, one eye was treated with drops of human leukocyte interferon, and the other was treated with saline or with a different dose of interferon. Results from groups of three to four rabbits were combined for analysis. Treatment reduced the 50% infectious dose of virus in proportion to the concentration of interferon applied (within the range of 6.5 X 10(4)-1.3 X 10(6) units/ml) and not according to the total number of units instilled. Different treatment schedules were tried. Two applications of interferon each day were as effective as eight applications at intervals of 15 min or 1 hr. One application produced near-maximal antiviral effects for 18-24 hr. Thus, in human herpetic keratitis, a single daily application of the most concentrated available preparation of human interferon might be the most efficient schedule of treatment.
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PMID:Optimal schedules for use of interferon in the corneas of rabbits with herpes simplex keratitis. 93

12 african green monkeys were inoculated in both eyes with herpes simplex virus typ 1 and 16 rhesus monkeys with vaccinia virus. The right eyes were treated with human leukocyte interferon (HIF) while the left eyes served as controls and showed the typical keratitis, 7 out of 8 herpes eyes and all 9 vaccinia eyes which were treated prophylactically or simultaneiously with HIF showed no signs of disease. When HIF was given later in the course of the infection the keratitis was either little influenced or not modified at all. The reasons are discussed.
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PMID:[The effect of human leukocyte interteron (HIF) on experimental viral keratitis in monkeys (author's transl)]. 108 Mar 75


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