Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a retrospective study 37 penetrating keratoplasties performed on 33 eyes of 29 patients under age 12 were evaluated. One year postoperatively, 19 of 35 grafts were clear and 16 of 35 had failed. In the group aged under 3, most of whom had congenital anomalies, 4 of 14 had clear grafts and 10 of 14 failed grafts after one year. Two patients were not investigated one year after keratoplasty, but probably had cloudy grafts at that time. Loosening of the sutures and keratitis were the main complications in the postoperative course. Graft rejection was clinically diagnosed in 11 of 37 cases.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 1987 Dec
PMID:[Keratoplasty in children and adolescents]. 332 67

Hyphaema developed spontaneously in 16 of 458 patients with microbial keratitis treated at two centres on the East and West Coasts of the United States. Chronic corneal conditions were often present, and three cases had rubeosis iridis. Inflamed iris vessels were assumed to be the source of the haemorrhage. The hyphaemas tended to persist longer than is usual, particularly when coincident with a hypopyon. Recurrent hyphaemas are reported in two patients from outside this series. Spontaneous corneal haemorrhage was seen in three cases. Subepithelial bleeding settled rapidly, but a combined midstromal and pre-Descemet's haematoma cleared more slowly. Anterior segment bleeding was significantly associated with advanced age, female sex, infection with Gram-positive organisms, and hypopyon.
Br J Ophthalmol 1987 Dec
PMID:Spontaneous hyphaema and corneal haemorrhage as complications of microbial keratitis. 342 3

Two patients developed exposure keratitis in the nonoperated eye during intraocular surgery under local anesthesia. These cases demonstrate that potentially serious injuries may occur to the fellow eye even with the use of local anesthesia and that special precautions should be taken to avoid this problem.
Ophthalmic Surg 1987 Dec
PMID:Exposure keratitis following cataract surgery on the fellow eye. 344 2

Various 3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl (HPMP) and 2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl (PME) derivatives of purine [adenine (A), guanine (G), 2,6-diaminopurine (DAP), 2-monoaminopurine (MAP), hypoxanthine (HX)] and pyrimidine [cytosine (C), uracil (U), thymine (T)] have been evaluated for their antiviral properties. PMEDAP, (S)-HPMPA [and the cyclic phosphonate thereof, (S)-cHPMPA)], (S)-HPMPC, PMEG, PMEA, HPMPG and HPMPDAP proved to be effective inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2). (S)-HPMPA and (S)-cHPMPA were the most effective inhibitors of varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and (S)-HPMPC was the most effective inhibitor of cytomegalovirus (CMV). Against adenovirus (types 2, 3 and 4) and vaccinia virus again (S)-HPMPA and (S)-cHPMPA showed the greatest inhibitory activity. As a rule, the PME derivates were much less inhibitory to VZV, CMV, vaccinia and adenovirus than the HPMP derivatives. However, PMEA, PMEDAP and PMEMAP showed marked and selective activity against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (S)-HPMPA was selected for further evaluation in animal model infections. It proved efficacious in the topical treatment of HSV-1 keratitis in rabbits and cutaneous HSV-1 infection in hairless mice, and in the systemic treatment of both HSV-1 and vaccinia virus infections in mice.
Antiviral Res 1987 Dec
PMID:Antiviral activity of phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives of purine and pyrimidines. 345 98

The success and complications of extended wear hydrogel (EWSCL) and daily wear hard contact lens (DWHCL) correction for aphakia were evaluated retrospectively in two comparable groups of unilaterally aphakic patients (64 with EWSCL, 86 with DWHCL). At the end of the follow-up period, 55% of patients in each group were still using contact lenses. Suppurative keratitis occurred in two (3%) patients using EWSCL and none with DWHCL. The relative risk to all patients of a complication developing severe enough to result in a loss of wearing time was 9.8 times higher for the EWSCL users compared with the DWHCL group; this risk increased to 11.4 times for the patients still using lenses at the end of the follow-up period. The EWSCL patients had 1.9 times more visits for routine care and 5 times more unplanned visits to deal with complications than the DWHCL patients.
Ophthalmology 1986 Dec
PMID:Extended wear hydrogel and daily wear hard contact lenses for aphakia. Success and complications compared in a longitudinal study. 346 52

Amantadine is well established as the preferred antiviral agent for the prophylaxis of influenza A and may also be beneficial therapeutically when used early in the course of the disease. Idoxuridine is applicable only in the treatment of herpetic keratitis. Currently, acyclovir is the most effective agent for the treatment of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections. Ribavirin has recently been released for use in aerosol form for severe respiratory syncytial virus infections that occur in infants and young children. Vidarabine, which previously was the drug of choice in the treatment of severe herpetic infections, has now been replaced by the more effective acyclovir. Ganciclovir, an experimental agent, has shown promise against cytomegalovirus infections in patients who have undergone kidney or liver transplantation, but its effects are only temporary in patients who have undergone bone marrow transplantation and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who have cytomegalovirus infections.
Mayo Clin Proc 1987 Dec
PMID:Antiviral agents. 350 Mar 76

Microbial keratitis is a major cause of corneal blindness in developing countries. One hundred thirty-one episodes of corneal infection in 120 patients over an 11-month period from Soweto, South Africa, were reviewed. Severe staphylococcal lid disease, trauma, and the secondary infection of climatic droplet keratopathy were the major precedents. Unilateral mixed patterns of infection, bilateral keratitis, and childhood keratitis were common. Staphylococci, streptococci, or gram-negative enteric bacilli were the usual causative organisms. Admission rates of corneal perforation were high. Small perforations often could be managed medically without tissue glue. In developing countries, logistic problems necessitate subconjunctival antibiotic therapy; the nursing staff may be too overextended to satisfactorily maintain topical antibiotic regimens. Effective, inexpensive antibiotic dosing schedules, which are appropriate for use by the general medical officer and ancillary health worker, must be developed.
Ophthalmology 1987 Dec
PMID:Causation and management of microbial keratitis in subtropical Africa. 350 59

Hurricane keratitis is an epithelial disorder of corneal transplants which occurs irrespectively of the type of local postoperative therapy used. The epithelial defects show a vortex-like arrangement resembling satellite photos of whirlwinds. Even before the development of punctate keratitis, fluorescein staining of the corneal surface reveals vortex-like figures corresponding to a varying thickness of the tear film in a vortex-like configuration. The irregularities in the tear film are due to an irregular profile of the corneal surface, the functional result of which is irregular astigmatism. The irregular surface profile in turn is caused by the approximation of incongruent wound edges and by sutures being too tightly drawn. Particularly when Healon is used, there is a tendency to draw the sutures tight, since a postoperative pressure increase with subsequent fistulation must be expected. Hurricane keratitis thus also appears to result indirectly from the use of Healon.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 1986 Dec
PMID:[Pathogenesis of hurricane keratitis]. 355 Feb 57

Corneal epithelium antibodies were detected in patients with corneal melting disease (55%), uveitis (42%), corneal transplantation (42%) and marginal furrow disease (20%). These antibodies were not found in herpetic keratitis patients. In control groups, consisting of ocular surgery patients (glaucoma, retinal detachment and cataract) and persons without a history of ocular disease, approximately 4% of the subjects had these antibodies. To investigate the possible role of trauma to the cornea as an initiator of corneal epithelium antibodies, these antibodies were determined in rabbits after alkaline burns were made on the cornea. These antibodies were detected one week later and disappeared after six weeks. Serum from three patients with corneal melting disease and corneal transplantation containing a high antibody titre against corneal epithelium were used to isolate corneal epithelium antigens. A 54 kD and a 17 kD corneal epithelium antigen were isolated. The incidence of autoantibodies directed against these antigens was investigated in patients with corneal melting disease, uveitis and corneal transplantation using an ELISA. 50% of the sera positive in the immunofluorescence test were positive in the ELISA.
Doc Ophthalmol 1986 Dec 30
PMID:Clinical and experimental studies concerning circulating antibodies to corneal epithelium antigens. 355 14

A 37-year-old white man with a long history of recurrent herpetic keratitis presented with a rapidly enlarging pigmented iris lesion. The primary diagnostic concern was that the lesion might be a malignant melanoma. A biopsy of the mass was done and proved it to be a granuloma with granulomatous arteritis and infarction of the iris. In a patient with a history of recurrent ocular inflammation, such a hypersensitivity granuloma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of iris melanoma.
Ophthalmology 1986 Dec
PMID:Pseudomelanoma of the iris in herpes simplex keratoiritis. 380 14


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