Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UMLS:C0022568 (
keratitis
)
5,133
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
While on therapy for acute myeloid leukemia, a 15-year-old girl developed extensive punctate
keratitis
of both eyes following high-dose cytarabine therapy (HD-
Ara-C
). Pharmacokinetic monitoring showed an increase of the
Ara-C
plasma levels up to twice the steady-state level within 10 minutes after discontinuation of the
Ara-C
infusion. Calculations of
Ara-C
plasma half-life, plasma clearance and volume of distribution were within the expected range. Owing to the short half-life of
Ara-C
in blood due to rapid deamination, varying infusion velocities will result in markedly varying plasma levels. Higher peak plasma levels lead to proportionally higher diffusion into compartments like tears, aqueous humor and cerebrospinal fluid. In compartments which lack noteworthy deaminase activity, dose intensity will be much more enhanced than in plasma. Peak plasma levels, therefore, may be associated with multifold local toxicity without concurrent increase of hematological toxicity. Especially when the drug is given in small volumes of infusion, these considerations should be taken into account. Precise control of infusion parameters and application of artificial tears for dilution of the
Ara-C
concentration on the corneal surface should be part of
keratitis
prophylaxis.
...
PMID:Is there a relationship between cytarabine pharmacokinetics and keratitis?--A case report. 831 60
