Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Microbial keratitis is a potentially binding disease that is rare in normal eyes unless associated with contact lens (CL) wear. To assess the risks of CL use, and other major causes, for keratitis, a case-control study of 91 cases of keratitis including 60 CL users was done. Relative risks (RR) and population attributable risk percentages (PAR%) for keratitis were estimated for different causes and for the different types of CL. The RR (95% confidence intervals) for CL wear was 80 (38-166) and for trauma cases 14 (6-32) compared with cases of keratitis without a predisposing condition. The PAR% for microbial keratitis attributed to CL wear was 65%. The RR for overnight wear soft lenses was 21 (7-60), for daily-wear soft lenses 3.6 (1-14), and for polymethylmethacrylate hard lenses 1.3 (0-9) compared with gas-permeable hard lenses. Continuous periods of CL wear for more than 6 days was associated with increased risk. CL wear is now the commonest cause, and has the highest risk, for new cases of microbial keratitis at Moorfields Eye Hospital. Soft CLs, especially extended-wear lenses, carry a significantly higher risk than do hard lenses for this disease.
Lancet 1991 Sep 14
PMID:Contact lenses and other risk factors in microbial keratitis. 168 65

150 patients with adenovirus type 8 infection where treated at random, in a prospective study. Based upon a quantifiable conjunctivitis severity score we tried to find out where there are differences in treatment. The best results were seen using polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (Betaisodona) although it could not prevent totally subepithelial corneal infiltrates. The combination of exogenous interferon alpha with polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodo-drops or trifluorothymidine-drops was less successful. We could not show any prophylactic effect of interferon on uninflamed fellow eyes. Treatment with vasoconstrictor did not show any therapeutic or prophylactic potency. This group of patients must be seen as a control group and the results of effective therapy should significantly differ from the results in this group. Topical corticosteroids should be reserved for severe symptomatic cases and those with iritis and pseudomembranous conjunctivitis. Giving topical corticosteroids in combination with antibiotics we did not find any influence on the incidence of subepithelial keratitis or the number of corneal infiltrates. The mean duration of acute keratoconjunctivitis using this therapy was longer than the mean duration in the control group with vasoconstrictor.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 1990 Sep
PMID:[Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis: treatment results during an epidemic]. 170 7

Persistent trigeminal neuralgia, herpes zoster neuralgia of the first division of the trigeminal nerve and pain caused by cancer situated in the head and neck pose frustrating problems for patients and physicians. Tractotomy and/or partial vertical nucleotomy of the subnucleus caudalis nervi trigemini offers a logical approach to the treatment of such pain, since these structures contain fibres of the Vth nerve, as well as the somatosensory fibres of the VIIth, IXth and Xth nerve. Tactile and some thermal sensitivity of the face is preserved and anaesthesia dolorosa and keratitis neuroparalytica is avoided. Over the past 30 years 370 patients with therapy-refractory trigeminal pain, pain due to cancer of the head and neck and herpes zoster trigeminal pain were treated by means of tractotomy (personal series of V. Grunert), including 30 patients who underwent partial vertical nucleotomy. The mean age of the patients was 68 years (range 54-84 years). The mortality in this series was 0.9% (4 patients; one operative mortality due to air embolism, one postoperative cardiac failure following myocardial infarction and two intracerebral haematomas). 60% of the patients with persistent trigeminal neuralgia were pain-free and 28% improved, whereas 12% were unchanged or suffered from recurrent pain. Of the patients with cancer who complained of pain derived from the Vth, VIIth, IXth and Xth nerve, 40% demonstrated marked pain relief and 60% showed no improvement. Tractotomy and partial vertical nucleotomy offer a valuable method in experienced hands for relieving pain where other methods have failed.
Wien Klin Wochenschr 1990 Sep 28
PMID:[Tractotomy and partial nucleotomy as a form of therapy in refractory pain of the trigeminal nerve and cancer pain in the head and neck area]. 170 47

Seven monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for defined discontinuous and continuous epitopes on glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were surveyed for their capacity to protect against virus-induced corneal disease in a murine ocular infection model. A known amount of purified mAb was transferred passively to BALB/c mice 24 hr after topical infection with HSV-1 on their scarified corneas. At high doses (50-136 micrograms), all seven mAbs protected against the development of persistent necrotizing stromal keratitis. Significant protection was also observed at low doses (20 micrograms) with two mAbs to discontinuous epitopes and two mAbs to continuous epitopes. Selected high-dose mAbs also were able to reduce the severity of blepharitis. These results indicated that at least seven different antigenic sites on glycoprotein D can serve as targets for effective antibody therapy in the murine model of HSV-1 ocular infection.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1991 Sep
PMID:Prevention of herpes keratitis by monoclonal antibodies specific for discontinuous and continuous epitopes on glycoprotein D. 171 18

We compared the old (1970) and new (1988) World Health Organization schemes for classifying the ocular disabilities in leprosy patients. 509 leprosy patients from eight resettlement villages in central South Korea were examined and graded by eye according to both of the schemes. A more liberal definition of severely disabled in 1988 resulted in a 119% increase in eyes graded as severely disabled in this population. 59 eyes were graded as severely disabled by the old scheme and 129 eyes were so graded according to the new scheme. Keratitis, one of three measures of moderate disability in the old scheme, was replaced by corneal anaesthesia in the new scheme, but this change did not make a substantial difference in the number of patients in the moderately impaired category. In the absence of longitudinal studies documenting the significance of keratitis, it is unclear whether the change in an improvement. The new disability scheme improved upon the old by removing the criteria for mild impairment.
Int Ophthalmol 1991 Sep
PMID:Comparison of the old and new W.H.O. leprosy disability grading scheme for ocular disabilities. 174 62

The T-lymphocyte subsets T11, T4, T8, and the T4/T8 ratio in peripheral blood of patients with herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) were determined by means of monoclonal antibodies. The patients included dendritic keratitis 7 cases, geographic keratitis 7 cases, disciform keratitis 7 cases, metaherpetic keratitis 5 cases, necrotic stromal keratitis 5 cases, and inactive herpetic keratitis 11 cases; 21 healthy subjects served as controls. The results showed that the pattern of T-lymphocyte subsets in inactive patients differed little from that of the controls, while in active patients it varied for different clinical types, of which the clinical significance was discussed.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1991 Sep
PMID:[An immunofunctional assessment of herpes simplex keratitis patients with T-lymphocyte subsets monoclonal antibodies]. 181 26

The peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets in 52 patients with herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) were assessed with monoclonal antibodies. There was marked decrease in WuT3+ and WuT4+, and increase in WuT8+ with consequent diminution of WuT4+/WuT8+ ratio in stromal HSK, while in superficial HSK the above cell counts differed insignificantly from those of the normal controls. These findings suggested that there was immunoregulatory aberration in cases of stromal HSK. After clinical cure by antiviral agents and herpes simplex vaccine or interferon, these immunologic indexes showed no corresponding amelioration, indicating that the recurrence of HSK was probably related to the immunofunction of the host.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 1991 Sep
PMID:[Clinical significance of peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets to herpes simplex keratitis]. 184 34

Two patients developed corneal opacities resembling infectious crystalline keratopathy. Predisposing factors included a recent corneal transplant with suture replacement in one patient and postradiation keratoconjunctivitis with disposable therapeutic contact-lens wear in the other patient. Both patients were using a topically applied corticosteroid and an aminoglycoside antimicrobial. Smears of corneal scrapings showed numerous yeasts without inflammatory cells. Culturing yielded Candida albicans and Staphylococcus haemolyticus in the first case and C. albicans and S. epidermidis in the second case. Combined antifungal and antimicrobial therapy, with initial withdrawal of corticosteroid use, was effective. The microbial cause of pauci-inflammatory keratitis includes not only viridans streptococci and other bacteria but fungi as well.
Am J Ophthalmol 1991 Sep 15
PMID:Infectious crystalline keratopathy caused by Candida albicans. 188 43

Forty-eight leprosy patients in The Netherlands were re-examined 10 years after initial examination. Forty-six of these patients had received a course of multidrug therapy (MDT), according to the World Health Organization recommendation, at the time of their initial examination. Two patients had burned-out disease and had been merely under observation. Out of 40 patients, who initially did not show eye complications due to leprosy, 37 patients were essentially the same 10 years later. The eyes had changed in 3 multibacillary patients: 1 patient had developed a late type 1 reaction with facial nerve involvement and lagophthalmos; 2 patients had undergone intra-ocular surgery for cataract and acute glaucoma, respectively. Out of 8 patients with pre-existing eye involvement, 1 patient recovered and the lesions in 2 patients remained unaltered. One patient showed progression of pre-existing exposure keratitis. Four patients had undergone cataract extractions; all four patients were lepromatous, with a long history of disease and signs of iris involvement at the first examination. The main progressive lesions were cataracts in lepromatous patients.
Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1991 Sep
PMID:Progression of eye lesions in leprosy: ten-year follow-up study in The Netherlands. 189 Mar 62

The aim of our experiments was to determine whether treatment with topical fibronectin led to increased adherence of Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa to rabbit corneas with epithelial defects. No significant effect of fibronectin was demonstrated. For all strains of S. aureus tested, the number of recoverable organisms was decreased at 24 h compared to 1 h. None of the rabbits developed infectious keratitis.
Cornea 1991 Sep
PMID:The effects of fibronectin on the adherence of bacteria to corneal epithelium. 193 35


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