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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pseudallescheria Boydii is one of the rarer organisms known to cause mycotic keratitis, only 13 previous cases having been reported in the literature. What is believed to be the first case of Pseudallescheria Boydii keratitis successfully treated with topical Miconazole is reported here.
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PMID:Pseudallescheria Boydii keratitis. 177 28

The efficacy of silver sulphadiazine in human keratomycosis has not been evaluated so far. Encouraged by the success of an earlier experimental trial, a prospective, controlled, randomised double masked clinical study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of 1% silver sulphadiazine ophthalmic ointment in 20 eyes of mycotic keratitis. Miconazole 1% was used for comparative evaluation in another 20 eyes. Silver sulphadiazine had a higher success rate (80% vs 55%) than miconazole. It had broad antifungal activity and was found to be effective in fusarium keratitis. Absence of side effects, economy, and its efficacy in deeper and extensive lesions were additional advantages. It is concluded from this study that silver sulphadiazine is a safe and effective broad spectrum antifungal agent which can be used for the treatment of human keratomycosis.
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PMID:Topical silver sulphadiazine--a new drug for ocular keratomycosis. 328 6

An experimental Keratitis study of Aspergillus fumigatus was performed in 130 rabbits divided into 12 groups of ten animals each. Three antifungal drugs (myconazole, amphotericin B and pimaricin) were tested using two procedures (topical drops and subconjunctival injections) and two different concentrations (500 and 10 000 times the MIC). In each case, the drugs were applied every 3 h starting 14 h after inoculation. Miconazole was useful at 10 mg/ml concentration by topical drops and subconjunctival injections, but was less useful at 5 mg/ml. Amphotericin B was useful at 5 mg/ml concentration by topical drops and less useful at 2 mg/ml. No differences were found between the two concentrations by subconjunctival administration. Pimaricin was useful by topical drops at 50 mg/ml concentration and less useful at 10 mg/ml as well as by subconjunctival injections.
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PMID:Chemotherapy of Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis: an experimental study. 388 74

A keratitis with an unusual, sessile, filamentary mass extending into the anterior chamber developed in a patient three weeks after penetrating keratoplasty. The causative organism was identified as Exophilia (Wangiella) dermatitidis, a dematiaceous fungus. The infection was cured with a combination of medical and surgical therapy. Inoculation of the isolate into rabbit corneas produced a similar keratitis from which the same organism was cultured. Miconazole levels measured in corneal tissue removed at surgery were approximately 25 times greater than the minimum inhibitory concentration for the fungal isolate.
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PMID:Dematiaceous fungal keratitis following penetrating keratoplasty. 638 98

The successful management of suppurative microbial keratitis requires five steps: (1) make the clinical diagnosis, (2) perform the proper laboratory procedures, (3) initiate antimicrobial therapy, (4) modify the initial therapy, and (5) terminate therapy. The most helpful guidelines to decision-making in these steps are: (1) the clinical impression, (2) severity of keratitis, (3) results of laboratory studies, (4) disease potential of the responsible organism, and (5) effectiveness and toxicity of various antimicrobial agents. Selection of initial antibiotics ideally should be directed by interpretation of the corneal smears. The preferred initial antibiotic for keratitis caused by a Gram-positive coccus is cefazolin; for a Gram-negative rod, gentamicin; and for a filamentous fungi or yeast, natamycin. Broad, antibacterial therapy should be reserved for suspected bacterial keratitis with negative smears or for severe infections with antecedent treatment. Miconazole may be an effective, alternate agent in fungal keratitis. The safety and efficacy of corticosteroids in microbial keratitis have not been established.
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PMID:Decision-making in the management of microbial keratitis. 732

A case is reported of a 67-year-old female patient, in whom a fungal endophthalmitis occurred 6 years after trabeculectomy. Pseudallescheria Boydii was isolated. This organism is a rare cause of infection. In the literature only 14 cases of keratitis and 8 cases of endophthalmitis have been reported. Miconazole is the therapy of choice. However in 55% of the published cases, (as in the one reported here), an exenteration or enucleation of the affected bulbus was necessary.
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PMID:[Pseudallescheria boydii fungal endophthalmitis. 6 years after trabeculectomy]. 805 2

A free-ranging gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) presented for trauma and blindness. Fibrinous exudate obscured visualization of the globes. This exudative crust extended from the conjunctival fornices through the palpebral fissure and was manually removed. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral corneal ulcerations and scarring and phthisis bulbi of the left globe. Histology of the crust revealed a necrotic conjunctivitis with intralesional fungal hyphae. Culture of the corneal ulcer of the left eye isolated moderate growth of a mixed fungal flora consisting of Curvularia sp. and Aspergillus sp. Miconazole ophthalmic solution was administered and the ulcers in both eyes healed, but corneal edema continued. After 2 mo of treatment with miconazole, tramadol, acetylcysteine, hypertonic saline ointment, artificial tears, and hypertonic saline flushes, the right eye was normal with only a small scar. The left eye remained phthisical. This is the first report of fungal keratitis in a wild reptile and a gopher tortoise.
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PMID:Fungal keratitis in a gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus). 1974 78