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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Study of corneal endothelium by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in two cases of corneal disease. In one case of herpetic keratitis with stromal oedema, there is no cellular reaction. The endothelium is damaged with cellular necrosis and nucleus irregularity. Intercellular junctions are abnormal. With TEM it is possible to say that there are two layers of cells on some places with cellular necrosis. In one case of corneal dryness with lesions of corneal anaesthesia the cells are very damaged and a retrocorneal membrane if formed by many layers of cells. The intercellular junctions are almost normal.
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PMID:[Electron microscopic study of the corneal endothelium in 2 cases of keratitis. Herpetic disciform keratitis. Neuroparalystic keratitis with dry keratitis]. 13 Aug 83

Symptomatic superficial punctate keratitis associated with complete corneal anesthesia occurred in three patients after they had been taking timolol maleate for glaucoma. After discontinuation of the timolol maleate and substitution of conventional antiglaucomatous collyria, the keratitis gradually cleared with restoration of normal corneal sensitivity. Corneal sensitivity, measured in 25 additional patients taking timolol maleate, was markedly diminished in four patients, all of whom were elderly and had been using the drug for a minimum of three months. Timolol maleate does appear to have some local anesthetic properties in human cornea after chronic use by susceptible individuals.
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PMID:Corneal anesthesia after timolol maleate therapy. 50 47

The patterns of sensory loss in 29 cases of Juxta pontine trigeminal rhizotomy are reported. The section of 70% of the portio major gave a similar impairment of tactile, thermal and pain sensibility in the facial area corresponding to the portio of the nerve section in all the patients. These findings do not support Jannetta and Rand's statement that partial to complete section of the porto major at the pons with complete preservation of the intermediate fibre does not affect the perception of light touch. The reported data suggest: 1--intermediate fibres are not mode specific fibres for light touch; 2--clear separation between thermoalgesic and tactile afferent rootlets does not exist in the trigeminal root; 3--saving the portio minor and the intermediate fibres ensures the preservation of perception of tactile, thermal and pain sensibility, thus avoiding postoperative painful anesthesia and keratitis.
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PMID:[Trigeminal neuralgia: interpretation of the results of the Dandy method of rhizotomy]. 52 49

The eyes of 200 healthy adult patients undergoing general anesthesia were stained with fluorescein strips for detection of corneal abrasion in the immediate postoperative period. Twenty-six of 59 patients in whom the eyes remained partly open showed positive staining--an incidence of 44 percent. The remaining 141 patients in whom the eyes were naturally closed or protected with adhesive tape or vaseline gauze did not develop exposure keratitis. It is suggested that covering of eyes is necessary in all cases undergoing general anesthesia so as to avoid this frequent complication of anesthesia.
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PMID:Corneal abrasions during general anesthesia. 55 35

A 2-year-old boy had bilateral corneal ulceration with the Goldenhar-Gorlin syndrome. Initially, the patient received subconjunctival and topical antibiotics with minimal effect. With subsequent treatment of atropine, sterile ophthalmic petrolatum ointment, and humidification of the patient's crib, ulcers in both eyes healed in two weeks without further problems. He had a neuroparalytic keratitis with corneal anesthesia and decreased tear production bilaterally. Our evidence suggested that aplasia or hypoplasia of the trigeminal nuclei was the probable cause.
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PMID:Neuroparalytic keratitis in Goldenhar-Gorlin syndrome. 61 77

Keratitis was noted in mice which were splenectomized and subsequently treated with immunosuppressive drugs. It was found that anaesthesia was the cause of the lesion and not the azathioprine or meticorten administration.
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PMID:Appearance of keratitis in laboratory mice: influence of azathioprine and meticorten. 93 59

Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of the Gasserian ganglion or posterior root, or both, was performed in 140 patients. Of the 135 patients with trigeminal neuralgia, satisfactory analgesia was achieved in 121. Postoperative complications included unintentional first-division analgesia (10), transient sixth-nerve palsy (1), neuroparalytic keratitis (2), and anesthesia dolorosa (2). The phenomenon of facial blush may be helpful in avoiding unwanted first-division analgesia. In four of five patients with other forms of neuralgia, the procedure did not relieve pain; the fifth patient experienced significant relief from pain due to carcinoma of the mandible.
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PMID:Radiofrequency percutaneous Gasserian ganglion lesions. Results in 140 patients with trigeminal pain. 111 46

A corneal abrasion is the most common eye complication during general anesthesia and recovery. It is painful, may progress to inflammation of the uveal tract, and in the presence of contamination may lead to a serious infection. Both eyes may be involved, as the two reported cases show. Possible causes include mask friction on the open eye or other careless technics. Treatment includes local application of an antibiotic ointment and an eye pressure patch. In addition, a cycloplegic and mydriatic solution is instilled to prevent synechiae (in the presence of a secondary iridocyclitis) and to relieve the pain associated with spasm of the iris and ciliary muscle. Topical application of local anesthetics should be avoided, as they delay regeneration of corneal epithelium and may promote keratitis.
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PMID:Corneal injuries during general anesthesia. 117 Jul 81

This study was aimed at investigating the changes occurring in superficial corneal epithelium (localized or diffuse, dotted or linear) as observed in 300 eyes after macrodacryography with iodate contrast media (iodized oil and water soluble non-ionic agents). In our opinion, the causes of iatrogenic short-life keratitis are: needle injury, the deposition of iodate contrast medium on the cornea and the reduction of palpebral winking, favoring dry eye, due to superficial anesthesia. The pharmacologic protection of the cornea by means of high-viscosity drugs allows both the number and the degree of keratitis to be markedly reduced. Therefore, contrast media must be chosen on the basis of anamnestic and clinical data, as well as of patient's symptoms, focusing mainly on the characteristics of the various agents--i.e., density, concentration, viscosity.
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PMID:[Causes and incidence of short-life keratitis caused by dacryography. Optimization of protective parameters]. 132 65

Persistent trigeminal neuralgia, herpes zoster neuralgia of the first division of the trigeminal nerve and pain caused by cancer situated in the head and neck pose frustrating problems for patients and physicians. Tractotomy and/or partial vertical nucleotomy of the subnucleus caudalis nervi trigemini offers a logical approach to the treatment of such pain, since these structures contain fibres of the Vth nerve, as well as the somatosensory fibres of the VIIth, IXth and Xth nerve. Tactile and some thermal sensitivity of the face is preserved and anaesthesia dolorosa and keratitis neuroparalytica is avoided. Over the past 30 years 370 patients with therapy-refractory trigeminal pain, pain due to cancer of the head and neck and herpes zoster trigeminal pain were treated by means of tractotomy (personal series of V. Grunert), including 30 patients who underwent partial vertical nucleotomy. The mean age of the patients was 68 years (range 54-84 years). The mortality in this series was 0.9% (4 patients; one operative mortality due to air embolism, one postoperative cardiac failure following myocardial infarction and two intracerebral haematomas). 60% of the patients with persistent trigeminal neuralgia were pain-free and 28% improved, whereas 12% were unchanged or suffered from recurrent pain. Of the patients with cancer who complained of pain derived from the Vth, VIIth, IXth and Xth nerve, 40% demonstrated marked pain relief and 60% showed no improvement. Tractotomy and partial vertical nucleotomy offer a valuable method in experienced hands for relieving pain where other methods have failed.
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PMID:[Tractotomy and partial nucleotomy as a form of therapy in refractory pain of the trigeminal nerve and cancer pain in the head and neck area]. 170 47


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