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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of endophthalmitis caused by the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae. A 68-year-old man was referred to the hospital for right ocular pain since experiencing right ocular branch trauma 2 weeks before. The best-corrected acuity was limited to hand motion. Slit-lamp examination showed a large corneal abscess and an anterior chamber reaction. The patient underwent systemic and local antibiotic therapy, and corneal scraping for microbiological diagnosis. Sabouraud-chloramphenicol-gentamicin agar disclosed filamentous fungus, which was treated with oral itraconazole and topic amphotericin B. Molecular biology revealed Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Despite antimycotic drugs, severe panophthalmia occurred very quickly and led to evisceration. This case report describes Lasiodiplodia theobromae as the cause of keratomycosis and discusses risk factors and clinical features of fungal keratitis in order to improve prognosis by earlier treatment.
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PMID:[Mycotic keratitis and endophthalmitis caused by unusual fungi: Lasiodiplodia theobromae]. 1652 50

The sphenopalatine ganglion block has been utilized over the last century for a wide variety of maladies. This paper provides a brief history of the use of the sphenopalatine ganglion block, a review of the sphenopalatine ganglion anatomy, and the diagnoses which currently warrant its use. The traditional transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block is described and our modification of the traditional technique is proposed. A case study is described in which sphenopalatine block pain control in a patient with a 20-year history of poorly controlled pain from bilateral herpetic keratitis.
Pain Physician 2004 Apr
PMID:Sphenopalatine ganglion blockade: a review and proposed modification of the transnasal technique. 1686 6

Bilateral keratitis usually occurs in predisposed individuals such as contact lens wearers, those suffering from malnutrition and immunodeficiency or patients undergoing bilateral refractive corneal surgery. We report a 30-year-old man without any obvious predisposing factors who presented with complaints of pain and decreased vision in both eyes. Examination revealed corneal ulcers in both eyes, which on microbiological culture grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The patient underwent a therapeutic keratoplasty in the right eye while the left eye was managed medically. Bilateral Pseudomonas keratitis can develop in the absence of any obvious predisposing factors.
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PMID:Bilateral Pseudomonas keratitis without predisposing factors. 1718 91

Bee stings of the cornea are rarely reported, but have the potential for causing serious ophthalmological injuries. We present a case of corneal bee sting with retained stinger apparatus. A 35-year-old patient presented with an acute, corneal bee sting of the right eye 12 hours after he was stung. The patient suffered from pain, blurred vision, and epiphora. The right eye showed edema of the upper and lower eyelid, conjunctival hyperemia, chemosis, and striate keratitis of the paracentral cornea by biomicroscopic examination. The stinger was identified in the depth of the corneal infiltration. Visual acuity was 5/10. It was removed surgically. After 2 months, the eye only showed a minimal residual corneal opacification. Visual acuity was 10/10. We present a case of bee sting to the cornea with retained stinger apparatus and treatment of this unusual presentation.
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PMID:Bee sting of the cornea: a case study and review of the literature. 1720 May 91

ABSTRACT Contrary to popular perception, the large size and scleral bearing surface of scleral contact lenses (ScCLs) can be beneficial in the management of certain ocular surface disorders. They can provide retention of a precorneal tear reservoir for corneal hydration with total protection from the external environment and from the lid margins and lashes. They can relieve pain, prevent exposure keratitis, and enhance epithelial healing. The use of ScCLs is limited in large part by ophthalmologists' perception of excessive complexity. Actually, while some cases are challenging, many are straightforward. This review summarizes indications for therapeutic use of ScCLs and describes techniques and considerations that contribute to their clinical success.
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PMID:Therapeutic and ocular surface indications for scleral contact lenses. 1725 64

The aim of five years (2000-2005) study was to investigate the peculiarities of Herpes Zoster in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. For this purpose we have investigated the clinical course of Herpes Zoster, disease duration, complications of disease, as in acute phase as well as postherpetic neuralgia in 74 HIV positive (1st group) and 74 HIV negative (2nd group) groups of patients. In both group of patients we have studied the prevalence of the following complications: 1. Acute complications of Herpes Zoster: a) Neurological: motor neuropathy, cranial neuritis, meningoencephalitis, transverse myelitis. b) Ophthalmic: keratitis, iritis, retinitis, visual impairment c) Cutaneous: bacterial superinfection, scarring, disfigurement. d) Visceral: pneumonitis, hepatitis. e) Multidermatomal. 2. The complications of after resolution of infection: a) Postherpetic neuralgia and various duration of pain associated with postherpetic neuralgia such as : < month, 1-6 months, 6-12 months and >1 year durations. b) Recurrent herpes zoster. Herpes Zoster infection was diagnosed based on clinical symptoms and by detection of VZV specific IgM and IgG by ELISA. HIV infection was diagnosed by ELISA method and was confirmed by Western Blot. We found that Herpes Zoster may develop as in HIV positive as well as HIV negative population. Study showed that severe cases of disease (Herpes Zoster), long duration and rate of complications are much higher in HIV/AIDS than in HIV negative group patients. Rate of hospitalization is also higher in HIV/AIDS patients with Herpes Zoster than in HIV negative patients with Herpes Zoster. Frequency of recurrent Herpes Zoster is much higher in HIV/AIDS patients than in HIV negative patients. The postherpetic neuralgia is very frequent complication for both group (HIV positive and HIV negative) Herpes Zoster patients, but its duration longer in HIV/AIDS patients in comparison HIV negative group. There were no significant difference in disease severity, duration and complications among male and female patients.
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PMID:Peculiarities of herpes zoster in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. 1726 87

A 37-year-old contact lens wearer was treated for herpes simplex keratitis. After an initial improvement the keratitis became much worse. An annular infiltrate gave rise to the suspicion of acanthamoeba keratitis even though the patient was not in pain. This diagnosis was confirmed by histological and microbiological examination of the corneal disc after keratoplasty. Acanthamoeba keratitis should be considered even in the absence of pain, especially when the patients are contact lens wearers.
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PMID:[Painless acanthamoeba keratitis]. 1731 75

We report a 70-year-old man who had uneventful laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) to correct the refractive error in the right eye. The patient returned 5 weeks later complaining of irritation and pain in that eye. Examination revealed an eyelash under the edematous LASIK flap with surrounding infiltrates. The anterior chamber was quiet. The flap was lifted and the eyelash removed. Epithelial cells were removed from the flap interface. Postoperatively, the patient developed a mild diffuse lamellar keratitis that resolved rapidly with topical corticosteroid treatment. At 5 months, the uncorrected visual acuity was 20/20(-2), with mild haze in the inferior interface. Large, visually significant foreign bodies under a LASIK flap should be promptly removed for a good visual outcome. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a post-LASIK complication due to an eyelash under the flap.
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PMID:Unusual complication after laser in situ keratomileusis: eyelash under the flap. 1732 9

Acanthamoeba keratitis is a rare but serious complication of contact lens wear that may cause severe visual loss. The clinical picture is usually characterised by severe pain, sometimes disproportionate to the signs, with an early superficial keratitis that is often misdiagnosed as herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis. Advanced stages of the infection are usually characterised by central corneal epithelial loss and marked stromal opacification with subsequent loss of vision. In this paper, six cases of contact lens-related Acanthamoeba keratitis that occurred in Australia and New Zealand over a three-year period are described. Three of the patients were disposable soft lens wearers, two were hybrid lens wearers and one was a rigid gas permeable lens wearer. For all six cases, the risk factors for Acanthamoeba keratitis were contact lens wear with inappropriate or ineffective lens maintenance and exposure of the contact lenses to tap or other sources of water. All six patients responded well to medical therapy that involved topical use of appropriate therapeutic agents, most commonly polyhexamethylene biguanide and propamidine isethionate, although two of the patients also subsequently underwent deep lamellar keratoplasty due to residual corneal surface irregularity and stromal scarring. Despite the significant advances that have been made in the medical therapy of Acanthamoeba keratitis over the past 10 years, prevention remains the best treatment and patients who wear contact lenses must be thoroughly educated about the proper use and care of the lenses. In particular, exposure of the contact lenses to tap water or other sources of water should be avoided.
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PMID:Acanthamoeba keratitis and contact lens wear. 1769 81

A 31-year-old woman developed pain, decreased vision, and a corneal flap infiltrate 4 days following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Treatment with topical antibiotic agents did not improve the symptoms. Approximately 2 weeks after surgery, the patient was referred to Stanford University, with 20/400 visual acuity in the left eye and a stromal infiltrate posterior to the flap. Cultures demonstrated Aspergillus fumigatus sensitive to voriconazole. The corneal ulcer progressed despite aggressive antifungal treatment, requiring amputation of the corneal flap and daily debridement. The infiltrate resolved in response to topical voriconazole, natamycin, and oral voriconazole. Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis is a rare but serious complication of LASIK surgery. The infection was successfully treated with flap amputation and daily debridement in addition to antifungal therapy.
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PMID:Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis. 1788 80


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