Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors examined a patient presenting with congenital sensory neuropathy with selective loss of small myelinated nerve fibres. The appearance of (bilaterial) keratitis or corneal ulceration in early childhood is strongly suggestive of congenital corneal anaesthesia. Concomitant symptoms such as anisocoria, abnormal pupillary reaction, diminished tear production and disturbed sensibility to pain and temperature point to a generalized disease: one of the hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies. In order to establish a definite diagnosis, elaborate neurological examination, including ultrastructural study of a muscle-nerve biopsy, is required. Tarsorrhaphy, therapeutic flushfitting PMMA scleral lenses and hydrophilic HEMA contact lenses are advocated, in order to protect the cornea. The results with high-water-content hydrophilic contact lenses are promising, those of keratoplasty limited.
 ...
PMID:Congenital sensory neuropathy. Ophthalmological implications. 1099 50

A case of keratitis due to caterpillar hairs of the Pseudosphinx tetrio is reported. As he was clearing his garden without glasses or a protective headgear, the patient felt left ocular pain due to the projection of a caterpillar into the eye. On examination, there were numerous intrastromal caterpillar hairs involving the inferior temporal quadrant of the cornea. The small size of the hairs prevented removal with forceps. The patient was treated by extensive washing of the eyeball and topical application of anti-inflammatory drugs, cycloplegics and antibiotics. The caterpillar hairs gradually came off the cornea over a two-weeks period. The cornea remained free of any scar. Besides keratitis and conjunctivitis, caterpillar hairs are known to cause iris nodules, chronic uveitis, cataract, hyalitis, chorioretinitis, and orbital cellulitis.
 ...
PMID:[Keratitis due to caterpillar of Pseudosphinx tetrio hairs]. 1146 61

Listeria monocytogenes is ubiquitous in the environment but is rarely reported as a cause of keratitis in animals. In this case, a mare was presented with epiphora and evidence of pain in the right eye. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from a corneal lesion, and bacteria were also seen in the cytologic evaluation. This is the first reported case of ulcerative keratitis associated with L. monocytogenes in a horse.
 ...
PMID:Listeria keratitis in a horse. 1172 87

A 28-year-old woman had uneventful laser in situ keratomileusis in the right eye. Six days postoperatively, she reported ocular pain and a large corneal stromal infiltrate was observed at the flap interface. A second surgery including lifting and excising the flap and scraping the stromal bed was performed. Topical antibiotics were prescribed. A bacterial culture revealed Streptococcus pneumoniae. The keratitis responded well to topical vancomycin. Twelve days after the second surgery, the stromal infiltrate had regressed, the hypopyon had resolved, and visual acuity was hand movements at 0.5 m.
 ...
PMID:Pneumococcal keratitis at the flap interface after laser in situ keratomileusis. 1197 8

Acanthamoeba keratitis is a rare cause of corneal infection in Taiwan, which can result in devastating visual outcomes. A 37-year-old woman, who wore soft contact lenses, suffered from severe pain in her left eye. Biomicroscopy revealed dendritic keratitis, radial keratoneuritis, and fine keratic precipitates on her cornea. Culture, using non-nutrient agar plate seeded with Escherichia coli, resulted in heavy growth of Acanthamoeba. The inpatient treatment, including topical neomycin-polymyxin B and metronidazole (0.5%) eyedrops, oral ketoconazole, and then oral prednisolone, successfully controlled the corneal infection. The best-corrected visual acuity was 0.9 without any evidence of recurrence of infection after 21 months of follow up. Acanthamoeba keratitis can present as dendritic keratitis, which mimics herpes simplex infection, thus, delays appropriate treatment. Early diagnosis and judicious treatment are essential for restoring the vision and avoiding the subsequent need of penetrating keratoplasty.
 ...
PMID:Acanthamoeba keratitis presenting as dendritic keratitis in a soft contact lens wearer. 1202 42

Retrospective clinical trial evaluated efficacy and safety of phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) within 35 children (35 eyes) aged 8 to 18 years (mean 12.6 years). All children had a long time postoperative follow-up ranged from 2 to 5 years (mean 3.2 years). Indications for PTK in children were: recurrent corneal epithelial erosion syndrome, superficial scars after keratitis "e lagophthalmo", dry spots and mucous plaques after atopic- vernal eye disease, band keratopathy, anterior corneal dystrophies, corneal scars secondary to post-infectious keratitis (post-herpes simplex corneal scarring) and following trauma. The aim of treatment were to improve visual acuity and to reduce or eliminate subjective ocular discomfort-pain, lacrimation and photophobia. Fully informed parents consent was done at all cases. There was increased the best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) in all Children, and episodes of ocular pain, lacrimation and photophobia diminished. The mean preoperative BSCVA 6/36 (ranged from 6/9 to 1/60) improved to mean value 6/12 (ranged from 6/6 to 6/60) as 2-5 years follow-up postoperatively. Seven children had 5 or more Snellen's lines gain of the BSCVA, ten children gained 4 lines, eight children gained 3 lines and five children gained 2 lines postoperatively in comparison to their preoperative values. At four cases were evaluated only 1 line gain of BSCVA, one eye unchanged, and no eye had BSCVA worsened after PTK. Phototherapeutic keratectomy in children seems to be an effective and safety procedure in the management of suitable anterior corneal disorders. Our clinical results suggest the most suitable diagnoses for treatment include recurrent corneal epithelial erosions, band keratopathy, dry spots, mucous plaques, anterior corneal dystrophies, and anterior post-keratitis and post-traumatic scars.
 ...
PMID:[Phototherapeutic keratectomy in the treatment of corneal surface disorders in children]. 1204 43

A CLINICAL ASPECT DEPENDING ON THE PHYSIOPATHOGENESIS: Ocular infections are a frequent motive for ophthalmological consultations in geriatric settings because of the mechanical factors related to age (modifications in palpebral dynamics and lacrymal function) and in local and general immune factors leading to the rapid and/or more severe development of infections. The mechanism of microbial contamination of the eye also determines the clinical damage: predominantly local (dirty hands, traumas) with involvement of the surface tissues (conjunctive and cornea) or general, hematogenic or neurogenic, frequently at the origin of more internal infections (iris, choroid, retina, optical nerve). CONJUNCTIVITIS AND KERATITIS: These provoke reddening of the eyes, tears and above all pain when the corneal epithelium is involved. Microbiological samples are useful in cases of severe, presumably infectious keratitis or conjunctivitis. Two emergency situations must be distinguished: any suspicion of herpes for which local corticosteroids are contraindicated and keratitis or conjunctivitis with the use of lenses, often due to Gram negative bacilli, amoeba or fungus, the treatment of which is intensive and the prognosis often severe. OPHTHALMOLOGICAL HERPES ZOSTER: The rapid diagnosis and introduction of efficient doses of antivirals reduces the initial pain, the ocular complications of herpes zoster and post-zoster pain. The latter, when it exists, requires specialized management. ACUTE UVEITIS: A context of intra-ocular inflammation in an elderly patient must always evoke a pseudo-uveitis syndrome, the principle cause of which is lymphoma. Conversely, an uveitis occurring in the days or weeks following ocular surgery, including cataract, must be considered as suggestive of a post-surgical infection and rapidly referred to a specialist. ACUTE DACRYOCYSTITIS: Is manifested by a hard and painful tumefaction below the internal angle of the eye. Following collection, it requires draining through an in incision in the skin, washing and packing of the sac, and systemic antibiotherapy. The preventive treatment of recurrences requires open dacryocystorhinostomy or via endonasal endoscopy.
 ...
PMID:[Ocular infections of the elderly]. 1240 61

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus occurs when the varicella-zoster virus is reactivated in the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus represents up to one fourth of all cases of herpes zoster. Most patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus present with a periorbital vesicular rash distributed according to the affected dermatome. A minority of patients may also develop conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, and ocular cranial-nerve palsies. Permanent sequelae of ophthalmic zoster infection may include chronic ocular inflammation, loss of vision, and debilitating pain. Antiviral medications such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famcidovir remain the mainstay of therapy and are most effective in preventing ocular involvement when begun within 72 hours after the onset of the rash. Timely diagnosis and management of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. with referral to an ophthalmologist when ophthalmic involvement is present, are critical in limiting visual morbidity.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation and management of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. 1244 71

Acanthamoeba keratitis is potentially blinding and often associated with contact lens wearing. A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient, a non-contact lens wearer, presented with keratitis. She experienced a protracted course of disease, characterized by exacerbations and remissions, and was treated with various topical antibiotics and steroids. 13 months after symptom onset the eye was removed owing to serious scarring of cornea and unbearable pain. Microbiological and histopathological examination of the cornea showed Acanthamoeba. In non-contact lens wearers suffering from Acanthamoeba keratitis the diagnosis is delayed, pathognomonic features are often not seen and visual outcome is usually poor. There is no known relation between HIV infection and Acanthamoeba keratitis.
 ...
PMID:Acanthamoeba keratitis in a non-contact lens wearer with human immunodeficiency virus. 1275 22

Because of the wide variety of x-rays now available, selectivity is possible and important in treatment of diseases of the eye. By the use of short-range radiation, newly developed eye shields and the insulation of the eyelid itself, and by careful angulation of the beam, the desired irradiation can be given where it is needed without injury to surrounding tissues. The authors have found the 50 kv x-ray unit to be the most reliable and adaptable for most circumstances. The skin of the eyelid reacts to irradiation more sensitively than other tissues. The cornea reacts with keratitis and sometimes intractable ulceration. The iris, uveal tract and retina are less seriously affected. At the University of California Hospital irradiation has been found satisfactory for treatment of corneal ulcer, keratitis, pterygium, certain types of conjunctivitis, episcleritis, corneal vascularization, iritis, uveitis, and hemangioma. Irradiation may be of great benefit in absolute glaucoma with pain and blindness. Of 42 patients with carcinoma of the eyelid treated between 1935 and 1946, 27 had no recurrence in five years, 5 had recurrence, 7 died of other causes and follow-up was incomplete on 3. Good cosmetic result was usually achieved. No recurrence has been observed in 22 patients treated since 1946. Irradiation has been used with success in other kinds of cancer of the eye structures.
 ...
PMID:Radiation therapy in diseases of the eye. 1312 10


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>