Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy of 3% Ara-A ophthalmic ointment (Vira A) has been evaluated on 100 epithelial herpetic keratitis; the poor intra-ocular penetration of Ara-A explains the exclusion of stromal keratitis and kerato-unveitis. Patients were treated 5 times a day until complete epithelial healing of ulcers, then twice a day during 7 days. Healing was obtained within 10.6 days for 87% of the patients, who have been treated by Ara-A at first (n = 77) or after failure of IDU or of IDC (n = 23). The healing rate was higher for the 52 first ocular episodes (92%) than for the 48 recurrences (81%); it decreases to 77% for recurrences after failure of IDU or IDC. Geographic ulcers heal in 76% of cases only. Their length has no influence on their healing. The longest healing time, 10.6 days, can be explained by the long period of time before beginning to apply Ara-A, 12.8 days: significative correlation between both periods of time is highlighted and shows the advantage of an early treatment. The need for a local corticotherapy (n = 8) does not hinder healing in 15.5 days. Two weeks after discontinuation of the treatment, 3 patients presented a relapse, sensitive to a 2nd Ara-A course; a maintenance treatment, superior to 7 days, is necessary. Tolerance to Vira A ointment is good. Indications of Ara-A during ocular herpes are superficial keratitis, especially those resistant to IDU or, from experimental data, to ACV, and their prevention by a possible long term treatment.
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PMID:[Treatment of superficial herpes simplex keratitis with vidarabine (Vira A): multicenter study of 100 cases]. 222 99

The authors report an experimental study on the effect of cAMP on HSV-I keratitis. Rabbit corneas developed typical dendritic keratitis on the 3rd day after inoculation of HSV-I. On the 9th day, the cAMP level in plasma significantly decreased from 174.9 +/- 20.2 to 52.1 +/- 18.2 pmol/ml, while the cGMP level increased. The cAMP level in aqueous humour also decreased, with an increase in cGMP level increased. The cAMP level in aqueous humour also decreased, with an increase in cGMP level. cAMP was used subconjunctivally for treatment of HSV-I keratitis. 48 hours after injection, the cAMP level in aqueous humour markedly rose from 11.1 +/- 2.0 to 35.6 +/- 12.9 pmol/ml and 6 days later to 65.0 +/- 30.9 pmol/ml, with concurrent decrease in cGMP level, and the ratio of cAMP/cGMP increased from 1.6 +/- 0.6 to 15.3 +/- 4.6. In the group of treatment by acyclovir, the level of cAMP in aqueous humour increased by 9.5 times after 3 days of treatment, with no remarkable effect on the cGMP level. These results showed that cAMP was equally effective as ACV in treatment of experimental HSV 1 keratitis. The antiviral action of cAMP was discussed and the pharmacological effect of cAMP approached.
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PMID:[Effect of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP) on experimental HSV-I keratitis]. 255 11

(E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (1; BrVUdR) inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in vitro at concentrations of 0.01 to 0.23 mumol/l, whereas herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is influenced only at 5.5 to 27 mumol/l. In comparison to some classical and newly developed antiherpetics, i. e. 5-iodo-2'-desoxyuridine (2; idoxuridine, IDU), 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (4; vidarabine Ara-A), 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine (5; acyclovir, ACV) and 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-1-beta-D-aracytosine (6;FIAC) the following order of decreasing activity was found:1 greater than 6 greater than 5 greater than 2 greater than 4 (against HSV-1) and 6 greater than 2 greater than 5 greater than 1 greater than 4 (against HSV-2). The high selectivity of the antiviral effect of BrVUdR towards HSV-1 and TZV is based on the fact, that proliferation of different mammalian cell lines is inhibited by 50% only at concentrations as high as 90 to 170 mumol/l, resulting in a therapeutical index of 1000 to 10,000. Successful treatment of an HSV-1 encephalitis in mice as well as an HSV-1 keratitis of rabbits confirmed the efficiency of 1 in experimental animal infections. No toxic side effects in both local and systemic applications were observed. Promising data from cell culture and animal experiments recommend 1 as a potential candidate for the local and systemic treatment of HSV-1 and VZV infections in man.
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PMID:[(E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-desoxyuridine--a new nucleoside analog with selective inhibitory action against herpesviruses. Studies in cell culture and animal experiments]. 282 99

No statistical difference was found in both partial and complete healing time in acute epithelial herpetic keratitis between the ACV-recombinant human alpha 2 IFN (both "eyedrops" and "eyerods") and Buffy coat human leucocyte alpha IFN. A highly significant difference was found in both partial and complete healing time between the ACV-IFN combination versus the ACV-Placebo combination. The combination of ACV and recombinant human alpha 2 arg IFN is a potent anti-herpetic treatment.
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PMID:Combination therapy of recombinant human alpha 2 interferon and acyclovir in the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis. 390 58