Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Malignant catarrhal fever was diagnosed in 3 herds of American bison (Bison bison) in South Dakota from 1973 to 1976. Clinical signs included depression, nasal and ocular discharge, conjunctivitis and keratitis, and diarrhea. Herd morbidity ranged from 3 to 53.8%, and mortality was 100%. At necropsy, ulcerative lesions were found throughout the alimentary tract, trachea, and bronchi. Microscopically, necrotizing vasculitis without thrombosis was found in virtually every organ examined.
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PMID:Malignant catarrhal fever in bison. 56 70

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) in cattle is generally associated with a short clinical course and a high case fatality rate (90-95%). The lesions in cattle that survive acute MCF for a prolonged period or appear to recover have not been documented. In a naturally occurring outbreak of MCF in a herd of beef cattle in Wyoming, 7 of 84 yearling heifers (8.3% of replacement herd) and 2 of 230 cows (0.9% of cow herd) developed clinical signs of pyrexia, mucopurulent discharge, bilateral keratitis, and weight loss following contact with ewes that had lambed 34-62 days earlier. Six of 9 affected cattle were examined postmortem following clinical signs (CS) that developed 2-150 days earlier. Three cattle with CS for < or = 39 days had lesions of regional lymphadenopathy and widespread severe segmental lymphoid arteritis-phlebitis that were typical of acute MCF, and proliferative intimal lesions were present in a small proportion of arteries at days 20 and 39 of CS. By contrast, 3 cattle that survived to 90, 105, and 150 days after clinical onset had distinctive arterial lesions in multiple organs, characterized by proliferative concentric fibrointimal plaques, disrupted inner elastic lamina, focally atrophic tunica media, and vasculitis of variable severity. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination of intimal plaques identified the predominant cellular component to be smooth muscle cells with a contractile phenotype. No viral structures were seen. Serologic studies, using a competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CI-ELISA) that detects antibody to an epitope broadly conserved among isolates of the MCF virus, found that 2 chronically affected cattle were serologically positive between days 42 and 100 of CS, with seroconversion in 1 animal between days 52 and 73 of CS. Seroprevalence was 7.9% in the 76 remaining healthy animals of the replacement heifer herd and 40% (75% in adult sheep and 4% in lambs) in the in-contact sheep flock 77 days after onset of CS in the index case. This episode suggests that, in addition to the common and well recognized acute form of MCF in cattle, this viral infection encompasses a disease spectrum that includes chronic disease and partial to "complete" clinical recovery, and in recovered animals chronic obliterative arteriopathy is the preeminent lesion.
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PMID:Chronic generalized obliterative arteriopathy in cattle: a sequel to sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever. 777 45

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is traditionally regarded as a disease with a short clinical course, low morbidity and high case fatality rate. Owing to the limitations of the assays used for laboratory diagnosis. It was difficult in characterise the clinical spectrum of sheep-associated MCF, particularly when the cattle recovered from an MCF-like clinical syndrome. Over a period of three years, 11 cattle that survived MCF for up to two-and-a-half years were identified on four premises. A clinical diagnosis of MCF was confirmed by the detection of ovine herpesvirus-2 DNA in peripheral blood leucocytes using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay that detects a specific 238 base-pair fragment of viral genomic DNA. Of the 11 cattle examined, six recovered clinically with the exception of bilateral corneal oedema with stromal keratitis (four animals) and unilateral perforating keratitis (one animal). The 10 animals available for postmortem examination had disseminated subacute to chronic arteriopathy. Recovery was associated with the resolution of the acute lymphoid panarteritis that characterises the acute phase of MCF, and with the development of generalised chronic obliterative arteriosclerosis. Bilateral leucomata were due in part to the focal destruction of corneal endothelium secondary to acute endothelialitis. Formalin-fixed tissues and/or unfixed lymphoid cells from all 11 cattle were positive for sheep-associated MCF by PCR. These observations indicate that recovery and chronic disease are a significant part of the clinical spectrum of MCF and that such cases occur with some frequency in the area studied. The affected cattle remain persistently infected by the putative sheep-associated MCF gammaherpesvirus.
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PMID:Chronic and recovered cases of sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever in cattle. 953