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Query: UMLS:C0022568 (keratitis)
 5,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

35 cases of secondary glaucoma due to congenital syphilitic interstitial keratitis have been surveyed. In four cases which had no opacities in the cornea, but with positive serologic reaction for syphilis, the characteristic goniscopical features such as peripheral anterior synechia, pigment deposits in the trabeculum, and irregularity of iris configuration as observed commonly in cases with inactive congenital interstitial syphilitic keratitis, were found. In the clinical course and goniscopical findings, they were divided into two types: one was the angle closure type with acute glaucomatous attack, and the other the wide open angle type with insidious course of the disease. The prognosis of this secondary glaucoma was very poor, although medical therapy was taken for the wide open angle type, and surgical therapy for the angle closure type. In the present study, the importance of gonioscopical examination, and careful attention to avoid the ufention to avoid the further formation of peripheral anterior synechia in the surgical procedure, was stressed for secondary glaucoma with congenital interstitial syphilitic keratitis.
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PMID:Secondary glaucoma due to inactive congenital syphilitic interstitial keratitis. (With 1 colour plate). 87 Aug 61

A high incidence of keratoconjunctivitis was observed in a closed colony of inbred Lewis/Wistar rats. Clinical signs including blinking, ocular discharge, circumcorneal flush, corneal opacity, ulceration, pannus, hypopyon, and hyphema were observed at about three weeks of age. Acute disease subsided by six weeks of age, but some lesions progressed to low-grade chronic keratitis. Six per cent of affected rats developed megaloglobus, which usually appeared by three weeks of age. Lesions included focal or diffuse interstitial keratitis, corneal ulceration, anterior synechia, and inflammatory exudate in the anterior chamber. A high incidence of lenticular and retinal degeneration was associated with megaloglobus. Most affected rats also had harderian dacryoadenitis. Sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDA) was recovered from nasal washes, but not from affected eyes. Serological evidence indicated that SDA virus infection was widespread in the colony.
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PMID:Keratoconjunctivitis associated with sialodacryoadenitis in rats. 93

A retrospective analysis was undertaken of the clinical diagnoses of 1594 eyes that underwent penetrating keratoplasty performed in a private-referral corneal practice over a 9-year period, 1980-1988. The seven most common indications for surgery were keratoconus (24.0%), pseudophakic or aphakic bullous keratopathy (21.2%), corneal scarring (13.9%), Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy (12.5%), regraft (8.1%), and herpetic keratitis (5.3%). Keratoconus was the leading indication from 1980 to 1985. From 1985 to 1988, pseudophakic bullous keratopathy became the leading indication and correlates well with known complications associated with closed-loop anterior chamber lenses, which were widely used during the early 1980s. Less frequent indications for penetrating keratoplasty included the following: infectious (nonviral) keratitis (3.5%); acute or chronic ulcerative keratitis (2.7%); interstitial keratitis (1.8%); mechanical trauma (1.5%); other (non-Fuchs') corneal dystrophies (1.4%); congenital opacities (0.8%); and chemical burns (0.5%).
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PMID:Indications for penetrating keratoplasty: 1980-1988. 205 26

A prospective double blind study was carried out to evaluate the role of soluble antigen fluorescent antibody (SAFA) test to detect ocular Tuberculosis. The study material comprised 39 patients with suspected ocular tuberculosis suffering from interstitial keratitis, sclero keratitis, granulomatous uveitis, phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, Eales disease and central serous retinopathy. The cases of proven ocular tuberculosis showed up as 70 percent strong reactors and 30 percent weak reactors to SAFA while none had a negative response to SAFA. Of these cases skin hypersensitivity reaction was positive only in 40 percent of the cases. The control group revealed a strong SAFA reaction in only 4 percent of cases with a weak reaction in 44 percent of cases. It thus appears that SAFA test can provide a useful addition to the routine tests in diagnosing tuberculosis.
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PMID:SAFA test as an aid to the diagnosis of ocular tuberculosis. 220 25

To elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms involved in onchocercal sclerosing keratitis in humans, we developed a model of onchocercal interstitial keratitis in guinea pigs. Onchocerca volvulus antigens injected intrastromally into corneas of preimmunized Hartley guinea pigs induced an intense stromal keratitis with corneal edema, neovascularization, and infiltration with acute and chronic inflammatory cells. This reaction subsided after two weeks. Repeated intrastromal injection resulted in an exacerbation of the keratitis and ultimately in residual scarring. These findings are consistent clinically and histopathologically with the chronic interstitial keratitis observed in humans. To define which antigens induce the corneal reaction, O volvulus antigens were separated by molecular sieve chromatography and injected intrastromally. The highest activity was shown to reside in the fraction containing molecules of intermediate molecular weight. This model will be useful in defining O volvulus antigens and their role in sclerosing keratitis as well as in elucidating the immune mechanisms involved.
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PMID:Experimental interstitial keratitis induced by Onchocerca volvulus antigens. 246 73

In this paper we describe the ability of monoclonal antibodies to prevent herpetic stromal or interstitial keratitis following corneal infection in an outbred mouse model. Monoclonal antibodies recognizing antigenic determinants on glycoproteins B, C, D, and E of herpes simplex virus type 1 were injected intraperitoneally into CF-1 outbred mice 24 or 48 h following inoculation of the cornea with the RE strain of herpes simplex virus type 1. Passive, postexposure immunization with monoclonal antibodies had little effect on the severity of the initial corneal infection or the frequency of latent viral infections in the trigeminal ganglia, except for virus-neutralizing antibodies specific for glycoproteins B and D. A significant correlation was found between the severity of epithelial keratitis and the frequency of latent ganglionic infections. However, immunization with monoclonal antibodies protected the mice against encephalitis and prevented the development of necrotizing stromal keratitis that leads to permanent corneal scarring and blindness. This form of herpetic ocular disease does not respond to antiviral chemotherapy. Since nonneutralizing monoclonal antibodies were just as effective in prevention of encephalitis and stromal keratitis as ones that neutralized the virus in vitro, and antibodies were not administered until 24 or 48 h after corneal inoculation, we suggest that inactivation of infectious virus is not the only protective mechanism in this model.
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PMID:Protection against herpetic ocular disease by immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex virus glycoproteins. 283 28

There is now a great deal of evidence for cell-mediated immunopathogenesis of herpetic stromal keratitis. However, this has never been unequivocally demonstrated, so far. Accordingly, we established a new technical approach in which lymphocytes were cornea-eluted, further purified and characterized by means of monoclonal antibodies. Four corneal specimens were obtained after penetrating keratoplasty. The patients suffered from herpetic interstitial keratitis with perforation of the cornea. The most relevant point to emerge from this experiment is the marked infiltration of corneal buttons by suppressor/cytotoxic T cells. This finding strongly supports the recent suggestion, by Ahonen and coworkers that lymphocytes might be cytotoxic for keratocytes.
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PMID:[Phenotype of the mononuclear cells of the cornea in ocular herpes]. 315 94

To evaluate the reinnervation of corneal grafts, we studied 91 eyes of 79 patients for the return of sensitivity one month to ten years following penetrating keratoplasty for various corneal disorders including keratoconus, Fuchs' dystrophy, herpes simplex keratitis, aphakic and pseudophakic bullous keratopathy, glaucoma, trauma, and interstitial keratitis. Using the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer, a sensation was recorded in the center of the graft no earlier than 18 months. We found a progressive return of sensitivity from the periphery toward the center of the graft. Regression analysis indicated a rate of return of sensitivity that averaged 0.029 mm/mo for each diagnostic category except herpes simplex keratitis. The slope of the return of sensitivity in the group with herpes simplex keratitis was essentially flat, showing no central progression. None of the eight patients with herpes simplex keratitis had a sensation recorded further than 0.5 mm from the wound margin.
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PMID:Return of human corneal sensitivity after penetrating keratoplasty. 327 7

We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical and pathologic diagnoses of 497 corneal buttons that had been submitted to the Estelle Doheny Eye Pathology Laboratory, Los Angeles, during the five-year period 1979 through 1983. The leading indications, in order of decreasing frequency, were pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (17.5%), regrafts (15.1%), aphakic bullous keratopathy (10.9%), corneal trauma (9.3%), and Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy (9.1%). The emergence of pseudophakic bullous keratopathy as the most common cause for penetrating keratoplasty correlates well with the dramatic increase in the number of cataract extractions with intraocular lens implantations performed since the mid-1970s. Less frequent indications for penetrating keratoplasty included the following: corneal scars (6%); active ulcerative keratitis (7%); keratoconus (6%); keratitis secondary to virus (5%); non-Fuchs' corneal dystrophies (3%); congenital corneal opacities (3%); interstitial keratitis (2%); and chemical burns (1%).
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PMID:An update of the indications for penetrating keratoplasty. 1979 through 1983. 351 Jun 13

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and a three-month history of bilateral follicular conjunctivitis had both a superficial and deep culture-negative keratitis. Although SLE interstitial keratitis is uncommon, it must be recognized as a definite clinical entity. Its prompt recognition and treatment with corticosteroids may quickly bring about improvement, whereas if it is unrecognized, corneal scarring and loss of vision may follow.
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PMID:Lupus erythematosus keratoconjunctivitis. 370 35


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